[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/richard-fumerton-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/richard-fumerton-wikipedia\/","headline":"Richard Fumerton – Wikipedia","name":"Richard Fumerton – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia after-content-x4 Canadian American philosopher Richard Anthony Fumerton (born October 7, 1949)[2] is a Canadian","datePublished":"2019-07-13","dateModified":"2019-07-13","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/en\/wiki8\/richard-fumerton-wikipedia\/","wordCount":3745,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Canadian American philosopherRichard Anthony Fumerton (born October 7, 1949)[2] is a Canadian American philosopher and professor of philosophy at the University of Iowa with research interests in epistemology, metaphysics, philosophy of mind and value theory.[3][4][5] He has been cited as an influential expert on the position of “metaepistemological scepticism”.[6] He received his B.A. in philosophy from the University of Toronto in 1971 and his M.A. and PhD from Brown University in 1973 and 1974, respectively.[2][5][7] He has been the F. Wendell Miller Professor of Philosophy at the University of Iowa since 2003.[8]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of ContentsPhilosophical views[edit]Honors and awards[edit]Publications[edit]References[edit]Further reading[edit]Philosophical views[edit]Fumerton has argued for a classical internalist form of foundationalism in which foundationally justified beliefs are justified non-inferentially.[3] Specifically, Fumerton believes that for a belief to be non-inferentially justified, it must be justified by direct acquaintance with facts and the correspondence between those facts and the belief in question.[3][9] Fumerton’s foundationalism is classical or “old-fashioned” in that it claims that foundationally justified beliefs are beliefs about one’s states of mind rather than beliefs about the external world.[3][10] Given this fact, Fumerton has argued that we cannot have the philosophical assurance required for knowledge about the external world.[3][6] He has argued that whilst externalist theories of justification provide non-inferentially justified beliefs about the external world, these justifications are “philosophically unsatisfying” and cannot provide philosophical assurance for beliefs about the external world.[6] Given these arguments, Fumerton thinks that there is no philosophically satisfying account of how we could know about the external world, a view known as “metaepistemological scepticism”.[6][11] He has also argued for a “principle of inferential justification” that states that for a subject S to be justified in believing a proposition P on the basis of another proposition E, S must be justified in believing that E and they must be justified in believing that E makes P probable.[6]In philosophical inquiry into the nature of rationality, Fumerton has been credited by Richard Foley with formulating a problem that Foley calls “Fumerton’s puzzle”.[12][13] A theory of rationality attempts to provide the conditions C under which a belief or decision is rational.[14] Fumerton’s puzzle arises when candidate conditions are met, but an agent rationally believes that they are not met. Assuming that the agent believes that C must be met for their belief or decision to be rational, then in this case they would rationally believe that their belief or decision is irrational even though it satisfies the conditions C. When paired with the idea that it is irrational to have a belief or make a decision if one rationally believes that it is irrational, this implies that a belief or decision can be irrational even if C are satisfied. But this means that C are not sufficient conditions for rationality, implying that finding such conditions is impossible.[14] Fumerton’s puzzle can also occur when the conditions are not met, but an agent rationally believes that they are. In such a case, the agent would rationally believe that their belief or decision is rational. However, the agent’s rational belief that their belief or decision is rational seems sufficient to make them rational even if C is not satisfied. This implies that C are not necessary conditions for a belief or decision to be rational.[13]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Honors and awards[edit]Michael J. Brody Award (for Faculty Service),\u00a02016University of Iowa Presidential Lecturer, Spring, 2016F. Wendell Miller Professorship, 2003\u2013presentRegents Award for Faculty Excellence, 1997Collegiate Teaching Award, University of Iowa, 1996M. L. Huitt Award for Excellence in Teaching, University of Iowa, 1994Canada Council Fellow, 1973\u201374Woodrow Wilson Fellow, 1971\u201372Publications[edit]Foundationalism. Cambridge University Press. 2022.A Consequentialist Defense of Libertarianism.\u00a0Rowman & Littlefield, 2021.Knowledge, Thought and the Case for Dualism.\u00a0Cambridge University Press, 2013.An Introduction to Political Philosophy: Theory and Applications, co-edited with Diane Jeske. Broadview Press, 2012.Philosophy Through Film, co-edited with Diane Jeske.\u00a0Blackwell Publishing, 2009.The Philosophy of John Stuart Mill, with Wendy Donner. Blackwell Publishing, 2009.Epistemology. Oxford and Cambridge: Blackwell Publishing, 2006.Realism and The Correspondence Theory of Truth. Boston: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002.Metaepistemology and Skepticism. Boston: Rowman & Littlefield, 1996.Reason and Morality: A Defense of the Egocentric Perspective. Ithaca, N.Y: Cornell University Press, 1990.Metaphysical and Epistemological Problems of Perception. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1985.References[edit]^ “Doctoral Dissertations, 1974”. The Review of Metaphysics. 28 (1): 166\u2013189. 1974. ISSN\u00a00034-6632. JSTOR\u00a020126618.^ a b Richard Fumerton Curriculum Vitae, available via The University of Iowa^ a b c d e DePaul, Michael R. (2015). “Richard Fumerton”.  In Audi, Robert (ed.). The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy (Third\u00a0ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. pp.\u00a0397\u2013398. ISBN\u00a0978-1-139-05750-9.^ Visser, Daniel (2011). Thinking about Law. Siber Ink. p.\u00a066. ISBN\u00a0978-1-920025-80-9.^ a b “Richard Fumerton | Department of Philosophy | College of Liberal Arts & Sciences”. The University of Iowa. Retrieved 2021-05-24.{{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: url-status (link)^ a b c d e Pritchard, Duncan; Ranalli, Chris (2016). “On Metaepistemological Scepticism” (PDF).  In Bergmann, Michael; Coppenger, Brett (eds.). Intellectual Assurance: Essays on Traditional Epistemic Internalism. Oxford University Press. Since at least the mid-1990s, there has been a wave of ‘anti-externalist’ replies to externalist responses to scepticism. Richard Fumerton has been one of the most influential figures in this wave, and alongside Barry Stroud his contributions to this debate are the most well-known. Indeed, one often finds Fumerton and Stroud being jointly identified as defenders of a position known as ‘metaepistemological scepticism’.{{cite book}}:  CS1 maint: date and year (link)^ Mulugeta, Mikael (2016-01-27). “Talking political philosophy and freedom”. Iowa Now. Retrieved 2021-05-24.{{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: url-status (link)^ “Richard Fumerton”. Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs. Georgetown University. Retrieved 2021-05-24.{{cite web}}:  CS1 maint: url-status (link)^ Fumerton, Richard (2010). “Twenty Epistemological Self-profiles: Richard Fumerton”.  In Dancy, Jonathan; Sosa, Ernest; Steup, Matthias (eds.). A Companion to Epistemology (2nd\u00a0ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. pp.\u00a0139\u2013143. ISBN\u00a0978-1-4051-3900-7.^ Barnes, Gordon (2003). “Resurrecting Old\u2013Fashioned Foundationalism”. Philosophical Books. 44 (1): 53\u201362. doi:10.1111\/1468-0149.00281. ISSN\u00a00031-8051.^ Ranalli, Chris (2015). Meta-Epistemological Scepticism: Criticisms and a Defence (PDF) (PhD thesis). The University of Edinburgh. pp. 1-2.^ Foley, Richard (1990). “Fumerton’s Puzzle”. Journal of Philosophical Research. 15: 109\u2013113. doi:10.5840\/jpr_1990_10. ISSN\u00a01053-8364.^ a b Foley, Richard (1991). “Audi on Practical Reasoning”. Behavior and Philosophy. 19 (2): 59\u201372. ISSN\u00a01053-8348. JSTOR\u00a027759255.^ a b Ye, Ru (2015). “Fumerton’s Puzzle for Theories of Rationality”. Australasian Journal of Philosophy. 93 (1): 93\u2013108. doi:10.1080\/00048402.2014.955862. ISSN\u00a00004-8402. S2CID\u00a0171046040.Further reading[edit]Foley, Richard (2014). Some Features of Richard Fumerton’s Philosophical Views (PDF). 6th Annual Orange Beach Epistemology Workshop. University of South Alabama.     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