[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki\/archives\/7601#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki\/archives\/7601","headline":"\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9 – Wikipedia","name":"\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9 – Wikipedia","description":"\u3053\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u306f\u691c\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3084\u51fa\u5178\u304c\u5168\u304f\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3059\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u3054\u5354\u529b\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u691c\u7d22?:\u00a0“\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9”\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u00a0\u00b7 \u66f8\u7c4d\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u00a0\u00b7 CiNii\u00a0\u00b7 J-STAGE\u00a0\u00b7 NDL\u00a0\u00b7 dlib.jp\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b8\u30e3\u30d1\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u00a0\u00b7 TWL\uff082008\u5e7410\u6708\uff09 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Table of Contents \u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u5e8f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5206\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53ef\u5851\u6027[\u7de8\u96c6]\u96fb\u6c17\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u5e8f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5206\u5e03\u3068\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u4f1d\u9054[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6] \u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6] \u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u7d30\u80de(A)\u304b\u3089\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de(B)\u3078\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3092\u7d4c\u7531\u3057\u305f\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u69d8\u5b50 (1)\u30df\u30c8\u30b3\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30a2\u3001(2)\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u8a70\u307e\u3063\u305f\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u80de\u3001(3)\u81ea\u5df1\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u3001(4)\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u9593\u9699\u3092\u62e1\u6563\u3059\u308b\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u3001(5)\u5f8c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u3001(6)\u524d\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\u3001(7)\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u80de\u306e\u958b\u53e3\u653e\u51fa\u3001(8)\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u80fd\u52d5\u7684\u518d\u5438\u53ce \u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u306b\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u4f1d\u9054\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306f\u96fb\u6c17\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3088\u308a\u5e83\u7bc4\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3068\u3060\u3051\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002 \u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u5e8f[\u7de8\u96c6] 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\u66f8\u7c4d\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u00a0\u00b7 CiNii\u00a0\u00b7 J-STAGE\u00a0\u00b7 NDL\u00a0\u00b7 dlib.jp\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b8\u30e3\u30d1\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u00a0\u00b7 TWL\uff082008\u5e7410\u6708\uff09\u7d30\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\uff08synapse\uff09\u306f\u3001\u795e\u7d4c\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7b4b\u7e4a\u7dad\uff08\u7b4b\u7dda\u7dad\uff09\u3001\u795e\u7d4c\u7d30\u80de\u3068\u4ed6\u7a2e\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3001\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u4f1d\u9054\u306a\u3069\u306e\u795e\u7d4c\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u308b\u63a5\u5408\u90e8\u4f4d\u3068\u305d\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\uff08\u5c0f\u80de\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\uff09\u3068\u96fb\u6c17\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\uff08\u7121\u5c0f\u80de\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\uff09\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4e21\u8005\u304c\u6df7\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6df7\u5408\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u3092\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u65b9\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u3092\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u7d30\u80de\u3001\u4f1d\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u65b9\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u3092\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002    Table of Contents\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u5e8f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5206\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53ef\u5851\u6027[\u7de8\u96c6]\u96fb\u6c17\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u5e8f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5206\u5e03\u3068\u30b7\u30b0\u30ca\u30eb\u4f1d\u9054[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]  \u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u7d30\u80de(A)\u304b\u3089\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de(B)\u3078\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3092\u7d4c\u7531\u3057\u305f\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u306e\u69d8\u5b50 (1)\u30df\u30c8\u30b3\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30a2\u3001(2)\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u8a70\u307e\u3063\u305f\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u80de\u3001(3)\u81ea\u5df1\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u3001(4)\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u9593\u9699\u3092\u62e1\u6563\u3059\u308b\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u3001(5)\u5f8c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u3001(6)\u524d\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\u3001(7)\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u80de\u306e\u958b\u53e3\u653e\u51fa\u3001(8)\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u80fd\u52d5\u7684\u518d\u5438\u53ce\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u306b\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d30\u80de\u9593\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u4f1d\u9054\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306f\u96fb\u6c17\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3088\u308a\u5e83\u7bc4\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3068\u3060\u3051\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002  \u69cb\u9020\u3068\u6a5f\u5e8f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u795e\u7d4c\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u8ef8\u7d22\u306e\u5148\u7aef\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u7d30\u80de\uff08\u795e\u7d4c\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u6a39\u72b6\u7a81\u8d77\u3084\u7b4b\u7dda\u7dad\uff09\u306820nm\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u9699\u9593\uff08\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u9593\u9699\uff09\u3092\u7a7a\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u63a5\u7740\u5206\u5b50\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7d30\u80de\u63a5\u7740\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u9593\u9699\u306f\u6a21\u5f0f\u56f3\u3067\u306f\u5f37\u8abf\u3055\u308c\u3066\u5927\u304d\u306a\u9699\u9593\u3092\u3042\u3051\u3066\u63cf\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u304b\u306a\u308a\u3079\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3068\u63a5\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u60c5\u5831\u4f1d\u9054\u306f\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3001\u8208\u596e\u304c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u80de\u304c\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u306b\u878d\u5408\u3057\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u9593\u9699\u306b\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u62e1\u6563\u3057\u305f\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u523a\u6fc0\u304c\u4f1d\u9054\u3055\u308c\u3066\u884c\u304f\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5178\u578b\u7684\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u4f1d\u9054\u6a5f\u5e8f\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u9032\u3080\u3002\u524d\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u8ef8\u7d22\u3092\u6d3b\u52d5\u96fb\u4f4d\u304c\u4f1d\u308f\u308a\u3001\u672b\u7aef\u306b\u3042\u308b\u81a8\u3089\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u982d\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3059\u308b\u3002\u6d3b\u52d5\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u982d\u306e\u819c\u4e0a\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u4f9d\u5b58\u6027\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\u304c\u958b\u304f\u3002\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30ab\u30eb\u30b7\u30a6\u30e0\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u304c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5185\u306b\u6d41\u5165\u3057\u3001\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5c0f\u80de\u304c\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u306b\u63a5\u3057\u3066\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u304c\u7d30\u80de\u5916\u306b\u958b\u53e3\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u306f\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u9593\u9699\u3092\u62e1\u6563\u3057\u3001\u5f8c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u4e0a\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3059\u308b\u795e\u7d4c\u4f1d\u9054\u7269\u8cea\u53d7\u5bb9\u4f53\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u30c1\u30e3\u30cd\u30eb\u304c\u958b\u304d\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u819c\u5185\u5916\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u5dee\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5206\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5316\u5b66\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u8208\u596e\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u3001\u6291\u5236\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\uff08\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u6291\u5236\u6027\u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3001\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u6291\u5236\u6027\u306e3\u3064\u306b\u5206\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002  \u8208\u596e\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306f\u4fe1\u53f7\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8208\u596e\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u96fb\u4f4d\uff08EPSP; Excitatory PostSynaptic Potential\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fe1\u53f7\u3092\u767a\u751f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002EPSP\u306f\u795e\u7d4c\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u5206\u6975\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u5d29\u308c\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8131\u5206\u6975\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6291\u5236\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306f\u4fe1\u53f7\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6291\u5236\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u96fb\u4f4d\uff08IPSP; Inhibitory PostSynaptic Potential\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4fe1\u53f7\u3092\u767a\u751f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002IPSP\u306f\u795e\u7d4c\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u5206\u6975\u72b6\u614b\u304c\u5f37\u5316\u3055\u308c\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u3068\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u904e\u5206\u6975\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u6291\u5236\u6027\u306f\u3001\u8208\u596e\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u304c\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u8208\u596e\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u96fb\u4f4d\uff08EPSP\uff09\u3092\u6e1b\u5c11\u3055\u305b\u308b\u50cd\u304d\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3002\u53ef\u5851\u6027[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u72b6\u614b\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u4f1d\u9054\u52b9\u7387\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u306f\u3001\u8a18\u61b6\u3084\u5b66\u7fd2\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u7d30\u80de\u3068\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u304c\u3068\u3082\u306b\u9ad8\u983b\u5ea6\u3067\u9023\u7d9a\u767a\u706b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6301\u7d9a\u7684\u306aEPSP\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u4f1d\u9054\u52b9\u7387\u304c\u5897\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u9577\u671f\u5897\u5f37\uff08LTP; Long Term Potentiation\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4f4e\u983b\u5ea6\u306e\u767a\u706b\u3084\u3001\u6291\u5236\u6027\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u767a\u706b\u306b\u3088\u308bIPSP\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u4f1d\u9054\u52b9\u7387\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u9577\u671f\u6291\u5727\uff08LTD; Long Term Depression\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u524d\u7d30\u80de\u3068\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u5f8c\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u767a\u706b\u6642\u9593\u5dee\u306e\u307f\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u7d50\u5408\u5f37\u5ea6\u306b\u5909\u5316\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5206\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30af\u30bf\u30a4\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u4f9d\u5b58\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u53ef\u5851\u6027\uff08STDP; Spike Timing Dependent Plasticity\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4e00\u65e6LTP\u3084LTD\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u9069\u5207\u306a\u523a\u6fc0\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306eLTP\u3084LTD\u304c\u6d88\u5931\u3059\u308b\u4e8b\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u8131\u5897\u5f37 (Depotentiation)\u3001\u8131\u6291\u5727 (Dedepression) \u306a\u3069\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u96fb\u6c17\u30b7\u30ca\u30d7\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]  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Llinas, R., Baker, R. and Sotelo, C. \uff081974\uff09, Electrotonic coupling between neurons in cat inferior olive, J. 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