[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/123870#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/123870","headline":"\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc – Wikipedia","name":"\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc – Wikipedia","description":"\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\uff08\u82f1: enthalpy\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u793a\u91cf\u6027\u72b6\u614b\u91cf\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u71b1\u542b\u91cf\uff08\u306d\u3064\u304c\u3093\u308a\u3087\u3046\u3001\u82f1: heat content\uff09\u3068\u3082[1]\u3002\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u3082\u3061\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u767a\u71b1\u30fb\u5438\u71b1\u6319\u52d5\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b49\u5727\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7cfb\u304c\u767a\u71b1\u3057\u3066\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u71b1\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u304c\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u3001\u5438\u71b1\u3057\u3066\u5916\u90e8\u3088\u308a\u71b1\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3068\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3002 \u540d\u79f0\u306f\u30ab\u30e1\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u30fb\u30aa\u30cd\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b[2]\u3002 \u5185\u90e8\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092 U\u3001\u5727\u529b\u3092 p\u3001\u4f53\u7a4d\u3092 V \u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc H\u306f H=U+pV{displaystyle H=U+pV} \u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u308b[3]\u3002 Table of Contents \u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u95a2\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7b49\u5727\u904e\u7a0b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6e29\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8868\u793a[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6] \u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u95a2\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6] \u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc","datePublished":"2022-03-19","dateModified":"2022-03-19","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/ab5d07861627786ff90e0d882a95bd4b36d2c710","url":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/ab5d07861627786ff90e0d882a95bd4b36d2c710","height":"","width":""},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/123870","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":4261,"articleBody":"\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\uff08\u82f1: enthalpy\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u793a\u91cf\u6027\u72b6\u614b\u91cf\u306e\u3072\u3068\u3064\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u71b1\u542b\u91cf\uff08\u306d\u3064\u304c\u3093\u308a\u3087\u3046\u3001\u82f1: heat content\uff09\u3068\u3082[1]\u3002\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u6b21\u5143\u3092\u3082\u3061\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u767a\u71b1\u30fb\u5438\u71b1\u6319\u52d5\u306b\u304b\u304b\u308f\u308b\u72b6\u614b\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7b49\u5727\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7cfb\u304c\u767a\u71b1\u3057\u3066\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u71b1\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u304c\u4e0b\u304c\u308a\u3001\u5438\u71b1\u3057\u3066\u5916\u90e8\u3088\u308a\u71b1\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u3068\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u3002  \u540d\u79f0\u306f\u30ab\u30e1\u30eb\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u30fb\u30aa\u30cd\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b[2]\u3002\u5185\u90e8\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092 U\u3001\u5727\u529b\u3092 p\u3001\u4f53\u7a4d\u3092 V \u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc H\u306f  H=U+pV{displaystyle H=U+pV}\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u308b[3]\u3002Table of Contents\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u95a2\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7b49\u5727\u904e\u7a0b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6e29\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8868\u793a[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u95a2\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306f\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc S\u3001\u5727\u529b p\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u91cf N \u3092\u5909\u6570\u3068\u3059\u308b\u95a2\u6570 H(S,p,N) \u3068\u898b\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u5f0f\u306f\u5185\u90e8\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc U(S,V,N) \u306e V \u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30eb\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30c9\u30eb\u5909\u63db  H(S,p,N)=U(S,V(S,p,N),N)+pV(S,p,N){displaystyle H(S,p,N)=U(S,V(S,p,N),N)+pV(S,p,N)}\u3068\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u3002\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc H(S,p,N) \u306e\u5404\u5909\u6570\u306b\u3088\u308b\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u306f(\u2202H\u2202S)p,N=T(S,p,N)(\u2202H\u2202p)S,N=V(S,p,N)(\u2202H\u2202Ni)S,p,Nj=\u03bci(S,p,N){displaystyle {begin{aligned}left({frac {partial H}{partial S}}right)_{p,N}&=T(S,p,N)\\left({frac {partial H}{partial p}}right)_{S,N}&=V(S,p,N)\\left({frac {partial H}{partial N_{i}}}right)_{S,p,N_{j}}&=mu _{i}(S,p,N)end{aligned}}}\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067 T \u306f\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u03bci \u306f\u6210\u5206 i \u306e\u5316\u5b66\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc H(S,p,N) \u306e\u5168\u5fae\u5206\u306fdH=T(S,p,N)dS+V(S,p,N)dp+\u2211i\u03bci(S,p,N)dNi{displaystyle dH=T(S,p,N),dS+V(S,p,N),dp+sum _{i}mu _{i}(S,p,N),dN_{i}}\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7b49\u5727\u904e\u7a0b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u5727 pex \u306e\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7cfb\u304c\u3001\u3042\u308b\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u614b\u304b\u3089\u5225\u306e\u5e73\u8861\u72b6\u614b\u3078\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u904e\u7a0b\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3002\u7cfb\u306e\u4f53\u7a4d\u5909\u5316\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u4ed5\u4e8b\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u975e\u81a8\u5f35\u4ed5\u4e8b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7cfb\u304c\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u70ba\u3059\u4ed5\u4e8b\u306fW=pex\u0394V{displaystyle W=p_{text{ex}}Delta V}\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7cfb\u304c\u5916\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u71b1 q \u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4fdd\u5b58\u5247\u304b\u3089q=\u0394U+W=\u0394U+pex\u0394V{displaystyle q=Delta U+W=Delta U+p_{text{ex}}Delta V}\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u7b49\u5727\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u5909\u5316\u306e\u524d\u5f8c\u3067 p=pex\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304b\u3089\u0394H=\u0394(U+pexV)=\u0394U+pex\u0394V{displaystyle Delta H=Delta (U+p_{text{ex}}V)=Delta U+p_{text{ex}}Delta V}\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066q=\u0394H{displaystyle q=Delta H}\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u975e\u81a8\u5f35\u4ed5\u4e8b\u304c\u306a\u3044\u7b49\u5727\u904e\u7a0b\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u7cfb\u306b\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u71b1 q \u304c\u7cfb\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[3]\u3002\u6e29\u5ea6 Tex \u306e\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3042\u308b\u7cfb\u5185\u3067\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5fdc\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u7cfb\u304b\u3089\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u71b1\u306f\u53cd\u5fdc\u71b1 Q \u306b\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u3002\u7cfb\u304b\u3089\u5916\u90e8\u306b\u653e\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u305f\u71b1\u306f\u3001\u7cfb\u304c\u5916\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u5438\u53ce\u3059\u308b\u71b1\u3068\u7b26\u53f7\u304c\u9006\u306b\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3089Q=\u2212q=\u2212\u0394H{displaystyle Q=-q=-Delta H}\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u71b1\u6d74\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u3068\u5916\u5727\u304c\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5fdc\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u975e\u81a8\u5f35\u4ed5\u4e8b\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u5909\u5316\u3068\u53cd\u5fdc\u71b1\u306f\u7b26\u53f7\u304c\u9006\u3067\u5927\u304d\u3055\u304c\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u3002\u6e29\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8868\u793a[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u95a2\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306e\u5909\u6570\u306f\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc S\u3001\u5727\u529b p\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u91cf N \u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u7528\u4e0a\u306f\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc S \u306b\u5909\u3048\u3066\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u6e29\u5ea6 T \u3092\u5909\u6570\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u9589\u9396\u7cfb\u3067\u7269\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u5909\u5316\u3092\u8003\u3048\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc H(T,p) \u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u306f(\u2202H\u2202T)p=Cp(T,p){displaystyle left({frac {partial H}{partial T}}right)_{p}=C_{p}(T,p)}\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7b49\u5727\u71b1\u5bb9\u91cf\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b[4]\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc H(T,p) \u306e\u5727\u529b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u306f(\u2202H\u2202p)T=V(T,p)\u2212T(\u2202V\u2202T)p{displaystyle left({frac {partial H}{partial p}}right)_{T}=V(T,p)-Tleft({frac {partial V}{partial T}}right)_{p}}\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4f53\u7a4d\u3092\u6e29\u5ea6\u3068\u5727\u529b\u3067\u8868\u3057\u305f\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u5f0f\u306f\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u71b1\u81a8\u5f35\u4fc2\u6570 \u03b1 \u3067\u8868\u305b\u3070(\u2202H\u2202p)T=TV(1T\u2212\u03b1){displaystyle left({frac {partial H}{partial p}}right)_{T}=TVleft({frac {1}{T}}-alpha right)}\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4f4e\u5727\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5b9f\u5728\u6c17\u4f53\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u3092\u30d3\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u5c55\u958bV(T,p)=RTp+B(T)+O(p1){displaystyle V(T,p)={frac {RT}{p}}+B(T)+O(p^{1})}\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u66f8\u304f\u3068\u3001\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306e\u5727\u529b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u504f\u5fae\u5206\u306f(\u2202H\u2202p)T=B(T)\u2212TdBdT+O(p1){displaystyle left({frac {partial H}{partial p}}right)_{T}=B(T)-T{frac {dB}{dT}}+O(p^{1})}\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4f4e\u5727\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc\u306fH(T,p)=H0(T)+p[B(T)\u2212TdBdT]+O(p2){displaystyle H(T,p)=H_{0}(T)+pleft[B(T)-T{frac {dB}{dT}}right]+O(p^{2})}\u3067\u8868\u308f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067H0(T)=limp\u21920H(T,p){displaystyle H_{0}(T)=lim _{pto 0}H(T,p)}\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/123870#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u30a8\u30f3\u30bf\u30eb\u30d4\u30fc – Wikipedia"}}]}]