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\u932f\u4f53\u5316\u5b66\u306e\u5275\u59cb\u306f\u30011896\u5e74\u306b\u30c9\u30a4\u30c4\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30d5\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u30fb\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u30ca\u30fc\u304c\u914d\u4f4d\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9077\u79fb\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306e\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3001\u6c34\u548c\u7269\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u59cb\u307e\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u914d\u4f4d\u7406\u8ad6\u306f\u69cb\u9020\u8ad6\u3067\u3042\u308a\u7121\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b69\u3067\u3082\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u6642\u306f\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u3082\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u7121\u6a5f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u7121\u6a5f\u5316\u5b66\u306e\u4e00\u5206\u91ce\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001EDTA\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u591a\u5ea7\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u6709\u6a5f\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u30b3\u30f3\u30d7\u30ec\u30ad\u30b5\u30f3\u985e\u3001\u8272\u7d20\u3001\u30dd\u30eb\u30d5\u30a3\u30ea\u30f3\u3001\u30d8\u30e0\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u91d1\u5c5e\u914d\u4f4d\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u7814\u7a76\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3068\u751f\u5316\u5b66\u3068\u3082\u6df1\u3044\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3092\u751f\u3058\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u932f\u4f53\u4e2d\u5fc3\u91d1\u5c5e\u306f\u9077\u79fb\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u307f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001\u5178\u578b\u91d1\u5c5e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5178\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u307e\u3067\u3082\u7814\u7a76\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u6709\u6a5f\u91d1\u5c5e\u5316\u5b66\u3068\u306e\u9023\u643a\u306f1951\u5e74\u306e\u30d5\u30a7\u30ed\u30bb\u30f3\u306e\u767a\u898b\u306b\u7aef\u3092\u767a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30ed\u30bb\u30f3\u3001\u30d1\u30a4\u932f\u4f53\u306a\u3069\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u914d\u4f4d\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u7bc4\u7587\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u932f\u4f53\u306e\u767a\u898b\u3078\u3068\u3064\u306a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u932f\u4f53\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u8ad6\u3068\u53cd\u5fdc\u6027\u3068\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u306f\u6709\u6a5f\u91d1\u5c5e\u5316\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u89e6\u5a92\u3084\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u53cd\u5fdc\u8a66\u5264\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3078\u3068\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3001\u6709\u6a5f\u5408\u6210\u5316\u5b66\u3068\u3082\u6df1\u3044\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002  Table of Contents\u7814\u7a76\u624b\u6cd5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4e3b\u306a\u932f\u4f53\u5316\u5408\u7269[\u7de8\u96c6]\u932f\u4f53\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30bf\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u3082\u8003\u616e\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50L–\u304c\u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u9178HL\u306e\u5171\u5f79\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4f4d\u5b50Ln-\u304c\u591a\u5869\u57fa\u9178AnL\u306e\u5171\u5f79\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869Mn+\u304c\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u30c9\u932f\u4f53M\uff08OH\uff09n\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869M\u304cLn-\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7814\u7a76\u624b\u6cd5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u932f\u4f53\u5316\u5b66\u306f\u69cb\u9020\u8ad6\u3092\u8ef8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u5316\u5408\u7269\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u89e3\u6790\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9077\u79fb\u91d1\u5c5e\u932f\u4f53\u3067\u306f\u914d\u4f4d\u69cb\u9020\u5909\u5316\u306b\u4f34\u3046\u5149\u306e\u5438\u53ce\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u5909\u5316\u304c\u9855\u8457\u3067\u3042\u308aUV-Vis\u3067\u78ba\u8a8d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u591a\u3044\u3002\u4eca\u65e5\u3067\u306f\u3088\u308a\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u89e3\u6790\u624b\u6cd5\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001X\u7dda\u69cb\u9020\u89e3\u6790\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066IR\u3084NMR\u3001ESR\u306a\u3069\u3082\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4e3b\u306a\u932f\u4f53\u5316\u5408\u7269[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u30ca\u30fc\u932f\u4f53\u975e\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u30ca\u30fc\u932f\u4f53\u932f\u4f53\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30bf\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u932f\u4f53\u751f\u6210\u53cd\u5fdc\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a2\u3064\u306e\u5b9a\u6570\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3068\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8ff0\u3079\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3092M\u3001\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u3092L\u3068\u3057\u3001\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3082\u7701\u7565\u3057\u3066\u8868\u3059\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306b\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6c34\u3082\u5316\u5b66\u5f0f\u306e\u8868\u8a18\u306b\u7701\u304f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u6d3b\u91cf\u4fc2\u6570\u30921\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869M\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50L\u304c\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u5fdc\uff08\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc\uff09\u306f  M + mL \u2190\u2192 MLm \uff081-1\uff09\u3068\u66f8\u3051\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u5b9a\u6570K\u306f\u6b21\u5f0f\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002K=a(MLm)a(M)a(L)m{displaystyle mathbf {K} ={frac {a(mathrm {ML} m)}{a(mathrm {M} )a(mathrm {L} )^{m}}}} \uff081-2\uff09\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570 stepwise formation constant \u3068\u306f\u3001\u932f\u4f53MLi\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u5fdcMLi-1 + L \u2190\u2192 MLi \uff0812-1\uff09\u306e\u53cd\u5fdc\u5b9a\u6570\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001Kfi=[MLi][MLi\u22121][L]{displaystyle K_{mathrm {f} i}={frac {left[mathrm {ML} _{i}right]}{left[mathrm {ML} _{i-1}right]left[mathrm {L} right]}}} \uff0812-2\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306f\u6c34\u4e2d\u3067\u6c34\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6c34\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5869\u304cL\u3068\u51fa\u5408\u3046\u3068\u6c34\u3092\u624b\u653e\u3057\u3001\u66ff\u308f\u308a\u306bL\u3068\u7d50\u3073\u4ed8\u304f\u3002\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30011\u56de\u306e\u885d\u7a81\u3054\u3068\u306bM\u3092\u6838\u3068\u3057\u305f\u932f\u4f53\u306f1\u500b\u306eL\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3002\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306f\u5404\u885d\u7a81\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u751f\u6210\u306e\u8d77\u3053\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3055\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u3068\u885d\u7a81\u56de\u6570\u3068\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u3054\u3068\u306b\u6c7a\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5b9a\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u901a\u4f8bKfi\u3068\u8868\u8a18\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570 overall formation constant \u3068\u306f\u3001\u932f\u4f53MLi\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u53cd\u5fdcM + Li \u2190\u2192 MLi \uff0813-1\uff09\u306e\u53cd\u5fdc\u5b9a\u6570\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001\u03b2i=[MLi][M][L]i{displaystyle beta _{i}={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]}{[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L} ]^{i}}}} \uff0813-2\uff09i\u500b\u306eL\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u6c34\u3068\u306e\u307f\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5869M\u306f\u6700\u4f4ei\u56de\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306f\u3001\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u306b\u6df7\u305c\u305f\u91d1\u5c5eM\u304c\u6dfb\u52a0\u91cf\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3069\u306e\u4f4d\u306e\u5272\u5408\u3067\u932f\u4f53MLi\u306b\u306a\u308b\u304b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u03b2i=\u220fKfi=Kf1\u22c5Kf2\u22efKfi{displaystyle beta _{i}=prod K_{mathrm {f} i}=K_{mathrm {f} 1}cdot K_{mathrm {f} 2}cdots K_{mathrm {f} i}} \uff0813-3\uff09Kfi=\u2212\u03b2i\u03b2i\u22121{displaystyle K_{mathrm {f} i}=-{frac {beta _{i}}{beta _{i-1}}}} \uff0813-4\uff09\u4e0b\u56f3\u306b\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u3068\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3054\u3068\u306e\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u5024\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f[1]\u3002\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306e\u5bfe\u6570\u5024(log\u2061\u03b2n{displaystyle log beta _{n}})\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869n \uff1d 123456\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869n \uff1d 123456OH–Ag+2.04.0NH3Ag+3.317.22Al3+9.0118.727.033.0Cu+5.9310.58Cd2+3.97.7Cd2+2.554.565.906.64Cu2+6.312.814.515.6Co2+1.993.504.435.075.134.39Fe2+4.57.410.09.6Cu2+4.047.4710.2711.75Fe3+11.8122.3Ni2+2.724.896.557.678.348.31Hg2+10.621.820.9Zn2+2.214.506.868.89Ni2+4.1811enAg+4.707.70Pb2+6.310.913.9Cd2+5.8410.6212.69Zn2+5.011.113.614.8Co2+5.610.513.8F–Al3+6.1111.1215.018.019.419.8Cu2+10.4819.55Fe3+5.189.1311.90Ni2+7.3213.5017.61Cl–Ag+3.705.626.46.1Zn2+5.6610.6413.89Cd2+1.982.62.41.7CH3COO–Ag+0.730.64Cu2+0.40Cd2+1.322.262.422.0Fe3+1.482.13Cu2+1.873.123.583.3Hg2+6.7413.2214.115.1Fe3+3.386.58.3Pb2+1.591.81.71.4Pb2+2.333.603.62.9Br–Ag+4.687.78.79.0phenAg+5.0212.06Cd2+2.143.03.02.9Cd2+5.810.614.6Hg2+9.0017.119.421.0Co2+7.0813.7219.8Pb2+1.772.63.02.3Fe2+20.7I–Ag+6.5811.714.114.4Fe3+13.8Cd2+2.283.925.06.0Ni2+8.616.724.3Hg2+12.8723.8227.629.8Zn2+6.412.217.1Pb2+1.923.23.94.5edta4-Ag+7.32Pb2+1.923.23.94.5Al3+16.5CN–Ag+20.4821.4Ba2+7.80Cd2+6.0111.1215.6517.92Ca2+10.61Fe2+35.4Cd2+16.36Fe3+43.6Co2+16.26Hg2+17.0032.7536.3138.97Cu2+18.70Ni2+30.22Fe2+14.27Zn2+11.0716.0519.62Fe3+25.0SCN–Ag+4.88.239.59.7Hg2+21.5Cd2+1.892.782.82.3Mg2+8.83Co2+1.72Mn2+13.81Fe3+3.024.64Ni2+18.52Ni2+1.76Pb2+17.88Sr2+8.68Zn2+16.44\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc main reaction \u3057\u304b\u7cfb\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306e\u932f\u4f53\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a18\u8ff0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u3001M\u3068L\u306f\u3069\u3061\u3089\u3082\u304a\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u3057\u304b\u6d3b\u6027\u3092\u793a\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CM\u306fCM=[M]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {M} }=[mathrm {M} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0821-1\uff09\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CL\u306fCL=[L]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {L} }=[mathrm {L} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0821-2\uff09CM\u304c\u308f\u304b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066L\u3001M\u3001ML\u3001\u30fb\u30fb\u30fb\u3001MLi\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u554f\u984c\u306e\u7cfb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7269\u8cea\u53ce\u652f\u306e\u5f0f\u306f(4-3)\u306b(4-1)\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066CM=[M]+Kf1[M][L]+Kf1Kf2[M][L]2+\u22ef+Kf1Kf2\u22efKfi[M][L]i=[M](1+\u03b21[L]+\u03b22[L]2+\u22ef+\u03b2i[L]i){displaystyle {begin{aligned}C_{mathrm {M} }&=[mathrm {M} ]+K_{mathrm {f} 1}[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L} ]+K_{mathrm {f} 1}K_{mathrm {f} 2}[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L} ]^{2}+cdots +K_{mathrm {f} 1}K_{mathrm {f} 2}cdots K_{mathrm {f} i}[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L} ]^{i}\\&=[mathrm {M} ](1+beta _{1}[mathrm {L} ]+beta _{2}[mathrm {L} ]^{2}+cdots +beta _{i}[mathrm {L} ]^{i})\\end{aligned}}} (21-3)\u304c\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306f[M]=1QLCM{displaystyle left[mathrm {M} right]={frac {1}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}C_{mathrm {M} }}[ML]=\u03b21[L]QLCM{displaystyle [mathrm {ML} ]={frac {beta _{1}[mathrm {L} ]}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}C_{mathrm {M} }}[ML2]=\u03b22[L]2QLCM{displaystyle [mathrm {ML} _{2}]={frac {beta _{2}[mathrm {L} ]^{2}}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}C_{mathrm {M} }}\u22ef{displaystyle cdots }[MLi]=\u03b2i[L]iQLCM{displaystyle [mathrm {ML} _{i}]={frac {beta _{i}[mathrm {L} ]^{i}}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}C_{mathrm {M} }} (21-4)\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001QL=1+\u03b21[L]+\u03b22[L]2+\u22ef+\u03b2i[L]i{displaystyle Q_{mathrm {L} }=1+beta _{1}[mathrm {L} ]+beta _{2}[mathrm {L} ]^{2}+cdots +beta _{i}[mathrm {L} ]^{i}}\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002[L]\u304c\u65e2\u77e5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3084\u3001\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u5927\u904e\u5270\u3067[L]\uff1dCL\u306b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001(4-5)\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5168\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u306e\u932f\u4f53\u751f\u6210\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u5e73\u8861\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u306e\u30e2\u30eb\u5206\u7387x\u306f\uff0821-4\uff09\u304b\u3089x(M)=[M]CM=1QLx(ML)=[ML]CM=\u03b21[L]QLx(ML2)=[ML2]CM=\u03b22[L]2QL\u22efx(MLi)=[MLi]CM=\u03b2i[L]iQL{displaystyle {begin{aligned}x(mathrm {M} )&={frac {[mathrm {M} ]}{C_{mathrm {M} }}}&={frac {1}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}\\x(mathrm {ML} )&={frac {[mathrm {ML} ]}{C_{mathrm {M} }}}&={frac {beta _{1}[mathrm {L} ]}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}\\x(mathrm {ML} _{2})&={frac {[mathrm {ML_{2}} ]}{C_{mathrm {M} }}}&={frac {beta _{2}[mathrm {L} ]^{2}}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}\\&cdots \\x(mathrm {ML} _{i})&={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]}{C_{mathrm {M} }}}&={frac {beta _{i}[mathrm {L} ]^{i}}{Q_{mathrm {L} }}}\\end{aligned}}} \uff0821-5\uff09\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u932f\u4f53\u306e\u5206\u7387x\u3068\u91d1\u5c5e\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u306b\u6355\u3089\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6[L]\u3068\u306e\u9593\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u30d7\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3057\u305f\u5206\u5e03\u56f3distribution diagram \u3068\u3044\u3046\u56f3\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u3082\u8003\u616e\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc\u306e\u4ed6\u306b\u3082M\u3084L\u3092\u5dfb\u304d\u8fbc\u3080\u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u3042\u308b\u69d8\u3005\u5834\u5408\u3092\u6271\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u53cd\u5fdc\u3092\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc side reaction \u3068\u547c\u3076\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u306b\u6b21\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u03b1M\u3001\u03b1L\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u03b2i\u2019\u306f\u03b2i\u2032=[MLi][M\u2032][L\u2032]i=\u03b2i\u03b1M\u03b1Li{displaystyle beta _{i}’={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]}{[mathrm {M} ‘][mathrm {L} ‘]^{i}}}={frac {beta _{i}}{alpha _{mathrm {M} }alpha _{mathrm {L} }^{i}}}} \uff083-1\uff09\u3067\u8868\u305b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50L–\u304c\u4e00\u5869\u57fa\u9178HL\u306e\u5171\u5f79\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CM\u306fCM=[M]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {M} }=[mathrm {M} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0831-1\uff09\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CL\u306fCL=[L\u2032]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {L} }=[mathrm {L’} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0831-2\uff09\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001[L’]\u3092\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306eL\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001[L\u2032]=[L]+[HL]=[L](1+[H+]Ka){displaystyle left[mathrm {L} ‘right]=[mathrm {L} ]+[mathrm {HL} ]=[mathrm {L} ]left(1+{frac {[mathrm {H} ^{+}]}{Kmathrm {a} }}right)} \uff0831-3\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\uff0831-2\uff09\u304b\u3089\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u4ed8\u52a0 protonation \u306b\u3088\u308a\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50L–\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u306f\u4e3b\u53cd\u5fdc\u306b\u53ca\u3073\u3001\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3082\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3082\u5909\u5316\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5909\u5316\u306f\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3084\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u7cfb\u306e\u9178\u6027\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u306b\u3082\u3088\u308a\u3001\u8907\u96d1\u3060\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u3001\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570 side reaction coefficient \u03b1L\uff08H\uff09\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3002\u03b1L(H)=[L\u2032][L]{displaystyle alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}={frac {[mathrm {L} ‘]}{[mathrm {L} ]}}} \uff0831-4\uff09\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u306eL\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304cL\u306e\u304b\u304b\u308f\u308b\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u62ec\u5f27\u306e\u4e2d\u306eH\u306f\u305d\u306e\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u304c\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u793a\u3059\u3002\uff085-2\uff09\u306b\uff085-1\uff09\u3092\u4ee3\u5165\u3057\u3066\u03b1L(H)=1+[H+]Ka{displaystyle alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}=1+{frac {[mathrm {H} ^{+}]}{K_{mathrm {a} }}}} \uff0831-5\uff09\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u306f\u7cfb\u306epH\u3068L\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u9178\u89e3\u96e2\u5b9a\u6570\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u306f\uff3bL\uff3d\u306e\u5206\u7387\u306e\u9006\u6570\u306b\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u3002\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u306f\uff085-3\uff09\u304b\u3089\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u5c0e\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5404\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306a\u3069\u3092\u77e5\u308b\u306e\u306b\u91cd\u5b9d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306fKfi=[MLi]\u03b1L(H)[MLi\u22121][L\u2032]{displaystyle K_{mathrm {f} i}={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}}{[mathrm {ML} _{i-1}][mathrm {L} ‘]}}} \uff0831-6\uff09\u03b2i=[MLi]\u03b1L(H)[M][L\u2032]i{displaystyle beta _{i}={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}}{[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L} ‘]^{i}}}} \uff0831-7\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001[L’]\u304c\u65e2\u77e5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3084\u3001\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u6fc3\u5ea6\u304c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u6fc3\u5ea6\u306b\u6bd4\u3079\u3066\u5927\u904e\u5270\u3067[L’]\uff1dCL\u306b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u307b\u304b\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570 conditional formation constant Kfi’ \u3068\u6761\u4ef6\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570 \u03b2i’ \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u5c0e\u304f\u3002Kfi\u2032=[MLi][MLi\u22121][L\u2032]=Kfi\u03b1L(H){displaystyle K_{mathrm {f} i}’={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]}{[mathrm {ML} _{i-1}][mathrm {L} ‘]}}={frac {K_{mathrm {f} i}}{alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}}}} \uff0831-8\uff09\u03b2i\u2032=[MLi][M][L\u2032]i=\u03b2i\u03b1L(H){displaystyle beta _{i}’={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]}{[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L’} ]^{i}}}={frac {beta _{i}}{alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}}}} \uff0831-9\uff09\u4f4d\u5b50Ln-\u304c\u591a\u5869\u57fa\u9178AnL\u306e\u5171\u5f79\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CM\u306fCM=[M]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {M} }=[mathrm {M} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0832-1\uff09\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CL\u306fCL=[L\u2032]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {L} }=[mathrm {L’} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0832-2\uff09\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001[L’]\u3092\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306eL\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001[L\u2032]=[L]+[AL]+[A2L]+\u22ef+[AnL]=[L](1+[A+]Ka,n+[A+]2Kn\u22c5Kn\u22121+\u22ef+[A+]nKn\u22c5Kn\u22121\u22efK1){displaystyle {begin{aligned}left[mathrm {L} ‘right]&=[mathrm {L} ]+[mathrm {AL} ]+[mathrm {A} _{2}mathrm {L} ]+cdots +[mathrm {A} _{n}mathrm {L} ]\\&=[mathrm {L} ]left(1+{frac {[mathrm {A} ^{+}]}{K_{mathrm {a} ,n}}}+{frac {[mathrm {A} ^{+}]^{2}}{K_{n}cdot K_{n}-1}}+cdots +{frac {[mathrm {A} ^{+}]^{n}}{K_{n}cdot K_{n}-1cdots K_{1}}}right)\\end{aligned}}} \uff0832-3\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u5e73\u8861\u5b9a\u6570Ki\u306fKi=[AiL][L][A]i{displaystyle K_{i}={frac {[mathrm {A} _{i}mathrm {L} ]}{[mathrm {L} ][mathrm {A} ]^{i}}}}\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u03b1L\uff08A\uff09\u306f\u03b1L(A)=[L\u2032][L]=1+[A+]Kn+[A+]2Kn\u22c5Kn\u22121+\u22ef+[A+]nKn\u22c5Kn\u22121\u22efK1{displaystyle {begin{aligned}alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {A} )}&={frac {[mathrm {L} ‘]}{[mathrm {L} ]}}\\&=1+{frac {[mathrm {A} ^{+}]}{K_{n}}}+{frac {[mathrm {A} ^{+}]^{2}}{K_{n}}}cdot K_{n-1}+cdots +{frac {[mathrm {A} ^{+}]^{n}}{K_{n}cdot K_{n-1}cdots K_{1}}}\\end{aligned}}} \uff0832-4\uff09\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u9010\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3001\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0831-6\uff09\u3001\uff0831-7\uff09\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\uff0832-8\uff09\u3068\uff0832-9\uff09\u3082\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869Mn+\u304c\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u30c9\u932f\u4f53M\uff08OH\uff09n\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306f\u3001\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u306epH\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u30c9\u932f\u4f53\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CM\u306fCM=[M\u2032]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {M} }=[mathrm {M} ‘]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0833-1\uff09\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CL\u306fCL=[L]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {L} }=[mathrm {L} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0833-2\uff09\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001[M’]\u3092\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306eM\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001[M\u2032]=[M]+\u2211i=1n[M(OH)i]=[M](1+\u03b2(OH)1[OH\u2212]+\u03b2(OH)2[OH\u2212]2+\u22ef+\u03b2(OH)n[OH\u2212]n){displaystyle {begin{aligned}left[mathrm {M} ‘right]&=[mathrm {M} ]+sum _{i=1}^{n}[mathrm {M} (mathrm {OH} )_{i}]\\&=[mathrm {M} ](1+beta _{(mathrm {OH} )1}[mathrm {OH} ^{-}]+beta _{(mathrm {OH} )2}[mathrm {OH} ^{-}]^{2}+cdots +beta _{(mathrm {OH} )n}[mathrm {OH} ^{-}]^{n})\\end{aligned}}}\uff0833-3\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\uff0833-3\uff09\u304b\u3089\u03b1M(OH)=[M\u2032][M]=1+\u03b2(OH)1[OH\u2212]+\u03b2(OH)2[OH\u2212]2+\u22ef+\u03b2(OH)n[OH\u2212]n{displaystyle {begin{aligned}alpha _{mathrm {M} (mathrm {OH} )}&={frac {[mathrm {M} ‘]}{[mathrm {M} ]}}\\&=1+beta _{(mathrm {OH} )1}[mathrm {OH} ^{-}]+beta _{(mathrm {OH} )2}[mathrm {OH} ^{-}]^{2}+cdots +beta _{(mathrm {OH} )n}[mathrm {OH} ^{-}]^{n}\\end{aligned}}} \uff0833-4\uff09\u3053\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3067\u3082\u3001\u5024\u3092\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\uff0831-7\uff09\u304c\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u03b2i=[MLi]\u03b1M(OH)[M\u2032][L]i{displaystyle beta _{i}={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]alpha _{mathrm {M} (mathrm {OH} )}}{[mathrm {M} ‘][mathrm {L} ]^{i}}}} \uff0833-5\uff09\u307e\u305f\u3001\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u4ee3\u5165\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3046\u3048\u3067\uff0831-9\uff09\u3082\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3064\u3002\u03b2i\u2032=[MLi][M][L\u2032]i=\u03b2i\u03b1L(H){displaystyle beta _{i}’={frac {[mathrm {ML} _{i}]}{[mathrm {M} ][mathrm {L’} ]^{i}}}={frac {beta _{i}}{alpha _{mathrm {L} (mathrm {H} )}}}} \uff0833-6\uff09\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869M\u304cLn-\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u5316\u5b66\u7a2e\u3068\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408[\u7de8\u96c6]\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u304cL\u3084\u6c34\u9178\u5316\u7269\u30a4\u30aa\u30f3\u3068\u306f\u5225\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7a2eXn-\u3068\u932f\u4f53MiX\uff08i\uff1d1\uff5em\uff09\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CM\u306fCM=[M\u2032]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {M} }=[mathrm {M} ‘]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0834-1\uff09\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u306e\u5168\u6fc3\u5ea6CL\u306fCL=[L]+\u2211k=1i[MLk]{displaystyle C_{mathrm {L} }=[mathrm {L} ]+sum _{k=1}^{i}[mathrm {ML} _{k}]} \uff0834-2\uff09\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001[M’]\u3092\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306eM\u306e\u6fc3\u5ea6\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u672c\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001[M\u2032]=[M]+\u2211i=1n[MXi]=[M](1+\u03b2(X)1[X]+\u03b2(X)2[X]2+\u22ef+\u03b2(X)m[X]m){displaystyle {begin{aligned}left[mathrm {M} ‘right]&=[mathrm {M} ]+sum _{i=1}^{n}[mathrm {MX} _{i}]\\&=[mathrm {M} ](1+beta _{(mathrm {X} )1}[mathrm {X} ]+beta _{(mathrm {X} )2}[mathrm {X} ]^{2}+cdots +beta _{(mathrm {X} )m}[mathrm {X} ]^{m})\\end{aligned}}}\uff0834-3\uff09\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002Xn-\u306e\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570\u306f\u03b1M(X)=[M(X)\u2032][M]=1+\u03b2(X)1[X]+\u03b2(X)2[X]2+\u22ef+\u03b2(X)m[X]m{displaystyle {begin{aligned}alpha _{mathrm {M} (mathrm {X} )}&={frac {[mathrm {M} _{(mathrm {X} )}’]}{[mathrm {M} ]}}\\&=1+beta _{(mathrm {X} )1}[mathrm {X} ]+beta _{(mathrm {X} )2}[mathrm {X} ]^{2}+cdots +beta _{(mathrm {X} )m}[mathrm {X} ]^{m}\\end{aligned}}} \uff0834-4\uff09\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u03b2Xi\u306f\u932f\u4f53MXi\u306e\u5168\u751f\u6210\u5b9a\u6570\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7cfb\u306e\u4e2d\u306bX1\uff5eXn\u306en\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u4f59\u8a08\u306a\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50\u304c\u6df7\u3056\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u914d\u4f4d\u5b50Xj\u306f\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u3068xj\u500b\u307e\u3067\u914d\u4f4d\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5869\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5168\u526f\u53cd\u5fdc\u4fc2\u6570 \u03b1M \u306f\u03b1M=[M]+[MX1,1]+\u22ef+[MX1,x1]+[MX2,1]+\u22ef+[MX2,x2]+\u22ef+[MXn,1]+[MXn,xn][M]=[M(X1)\u2032]+\u22ef+[M(Xn)\u2032]\u2212(n\u22121)[M][M]=\u2211j=1n\u03b1M(Xj)+1\u2212n{displaystyle {begin{aligned}alpha _{mathrm {M} }&={frac {[mathrm {M} ]+[mathrm {MX} _{1,1}]+cdots +[mathrm {MX} _{1,x1}]+[mathrm {MX} _{2,1}]+cdots +[mathrm {MX} _{2,x2}]+cdots +[mathrm {MX} _{n,1}]+[mathrm {MX} _{n,xn}]}{[mathrm {M} ]}}\\&={frac {[mathrm {M} _{(mathrm {X} _{1})}’]+cdots +[mathrm {M} _{(mathrm {X} _{n})}’]-(n-1)[mathrm {M} ]}{[mathrm {M} ]}}\\&=sum _{j=1}^{n}alpha _{mathrm {M} (mathrm {X} _{j})}+1-n\\end{aligned}}} \uff0834-5\uff09\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002^ A.E. Martell, R.M. Smith,”Critical Stability Constants,” Plenum Press(1977)\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki11\/archives\/181392#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u932f\u4f53\u5316\u5b66 – Wikipedia"}}]}]