[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/archives\/284427#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/archives\/284427","headline":"\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1 – Wikipedia","name":"\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1 – Wikipedia","description":"\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\uff08\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u304b\u3001Icteridae\uff09\u306f\u3001\u9ce5\u7db1\u30b9\u30ba\u30e1\u76ee\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u79d1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\uff08\u690b\u9ce5\u64ec\uff09\u3068\u7dcf\u79f0\u3055\u308c\u308b[4]\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u300c\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u300d\u306f1\u7a2e Icterus icterus \u306e\u548c\u540d\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u5317\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5927\u9678\u3001\u5357\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5927\u9678\u3001\u897f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u8af8\u5cf6 \u5168\u957715cm\u201353cm\u3067\u3001\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306f\u7a2e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u304b\u306a\u308a\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002 \u8349\u539f\u3001\u6e7f\u5730\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u306a\u3069\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u3002 \u591a\u304f\u306e\u7a2e\u3067\u306f\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u306b\u306f\u6606\u866b\u985e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u990c\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3001\u975e\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u306b\u306f\u690d\u7269\u306e\u7a2e\u5b50\u3001\u679c\u5b9f\u3084\u82b1\u306e\u871c\u306a\u3069\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u4ed6\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u9ce5\u985e\u306b\u6258\u5375\u3059\u308b\u7fd2\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7a2e\u304c\u3044\u308b\u3002 Table of Contents \u7cfb\u7d71\u3068\u5206\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7cfb\u7d71[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5206\u985e\u53f2[\u7de8\u96c6]Caciques snd Oropendolas[\u7de8\u96c6]Cup-Nesting Caciques[\u7de8\u96c6]Orioles[\u7de8\u96c6]Grackles and Allies[\u7de8\u96c6]Meadowlarks and","datePublished":"2022-04-14","dateModified":"2022-04-14","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/archives\/284427","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":5618,"articleBody":"\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\uff08\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u304b\u3001Icteridae\uff09\u306f\u3001\u9ce5\u7db1\u30b9\u30ba\u30e1\u76ee\u306b\u5c5e\u3059\u308b\u79d1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002  \u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\uff08\u690b\u9ce5\u64ec\uff09\u3068\u7dcf\u79f0\u3055\u308c\u308b[4]\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u300c\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u300d\u306f1\u7a2e Icterus icterus \u306e\u548c\u540d\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5317\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5927\u9678\u3001\u5357\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5927\u9678\u3001\u897f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c9\u8af8\u5cf6\u5168\u957715cm\u201353cm\u3067\u3001\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306f\u7a2e\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u304b\u306a\u308a\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002  \u8349\u539f\u3001\u6e7f\u5730\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u306a\u3069\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u751f\u606f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u591a\u304f\u306e\u7a2e\u3067\u306f\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u306b\u306f\u6606\u866b\u985e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u990c\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3001\u975e\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u306b\u306f\u690d\u7269\u306e\u7a2e\u5b50\u3001\u679c\u5b9f\u3084\u82b1\u306e\u871c\u306a\u3069\u3092\u98df\u3079\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u9ce5\u985e\u306b\u6258\u5375\u3059\u308b\u7fd2\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7a2e\u304c\u3044\u308b\u3002Table of Contents  \u7cfb\u7d71\u3068\u5206\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7cfb\u7d71[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5206\u985e\u53f2[\u7de8\u96c6]Caciques snd Oropendolas[\u7de8\u96c6]Cup-Nesting Caciques[\u7de8\u96c6]Orioles[\u7de8\u96c6]Grackles and Allies[\u7de8\u96c6]Meadowlarks and Allies[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7cfb\u7d71\u3068\u5206\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7cfb\u7d71[\u7de8\u96c6]\u79d1\u9593\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u95a2\u4fc2\u306f Klicka et al. (2007)[5]; Weir et al. (2009)[6]\u3088\u308a\u3002\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u7cfb\u7d71\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306b\u52a0\u3048 Lanyon & Omland (1999)[1]\u3088\u308a\u3002\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u7cfb\u7d71\u540d\u306f Lanyon & Omland (1999) \u306b\u3088\u308b\u4eee\u79f0\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\u306f9\u679a\u306e\u521d\u5217\u98a8\u5207\u3092\u6301\u3064 nine-primaried oscines \u306e1\u79d1\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u306f\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u30e0\u30b7\u30af\u30a4\u79d1\u3001\u30db\u30aa\u30b8\u30ed\u79d1\u3068\u5171\u306b\u5358\u7cfb\u7d71\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e3\u79d1\u9593\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u95a2\u4fc2\u306f\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u3060\u304c\u3001\u304a\u305d\u3089\u304f\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\u3068\u30db\u30aa\u30b8\u30ed\u79d1\u304c\u59c9\u59b9\u7fa4\u3067\u3042\u308b[5][6]\u3002\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\u306f5\u3064\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u308b[1]\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u9593\u306e\u7cfb\u7d71\u95a2\u4fc2\u306f\u4e0d\u78ba\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5206\u985e\u53f2[\u7de8\u96c6]nine-primaried oscines \u306f\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306b\u306f\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u985e\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u72ec\u3067\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001nine-primaried oscines \u5168\u4f53\u3092\u30a2\u30c8\u30ea\u79d11\u79d1\u3068\u3057\u305fSibley and Ahlquist (1970)[7]\u3084\u3001New World nine-primaried oscines \u5168\u4f53\u3092\u30db\u30aa\u30b8\u30ed\u79d11\u79d1\u3068\u3057\u305f AOU Checklist (1983) \u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u4e9c\u79d1 Icterinae \u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b Sibley et al. (1988) \u3067\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30c8\u30ea\u79d1\u30db\u30aa\u30b8\u30ed\u4e9c\u79d1\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u65cf Icterini \u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u5c5e\u3068\u7a2e\u306f\u56fd\u969b\u9ce5\u985e\u5b66\u4f1a\u8b70 (IOC)[8]\u306b\u3088\u308b\u300227\u5c5e108\u7a2e\u3002\u5c5e\u306e\u5206\u985e\u306f Lanyon & Omland (1999)[1]\u3088\u308a\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\u5f7c\u3089\u304c\u6271\u308f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u30ab\u30d6\u30c8\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea Clypicterus\u3001\u30aa\u30d3\u30aa\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea Ocyalus\u3001\u30a2\u30ab\u30cf\u30e9\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad Hypopyrrhus \u306f\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3084\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u306b\u3088\u3063\u305f\u3002Caciques snd Oropendolas[\u7de8\u96c6]ClypicterusPsarocolius, \u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea\u5c5e \uff08Gymnostinops \u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09Psarocolius wagleri, Chestnut-headed Oropendola, \u30af\u30ea\u30ac\u30b7\u30e9\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaPsarocolius decumanus, Crested Oropendola, \u30ab\u30f3\u30e0\u30ea\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaPsarocolius viridis, Green Oropendola, \u30df\u30c9\u30ea\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaPsarocolius atrovirens, Dusky-green Oropendola, \u30aa\u30ea\u30fc\u30d6\u30df\u30c9\u30ea\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaPsarocolius angustifrons, Russet-backed Oropendola, \u30bb\u30a2\u30ab\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaPsarocolius montezuma, Montezuma Oropendola, \u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea (Gymnostinops montezuma)Psarocolius cassini, Baudo Oropendola, \u30e2\u30e2\u30b0\u30ed\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea Gymnostinops cassiniPsarocolius bifasciatus, Amazonian Oropendola, \u30c1\u30e3\u30d0\u30e9\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea Gymnostinops bifasciatusPsarocolius guatimozinus, Black Oropendola, \u30af\u30ed\u30aa\u30aa\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea Gymnostinops guatimozinusOcyalusCacicus, \u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30ea\u5c5eCacicus cela, Yellow-rumped Cacique, \u30ad\u30b4\u30b7\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus haemorrhous, Red-rumped Cacique, \u30b3\u30b7\u30a2\u30ab\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus uropygialis, Scarlet-rumped Cacique, \u30d2\u30b4\u30b7\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus microrhynchus, Scarlet-rumped Cacique \uff08C. uropygialis \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Cacicus chrysopterus, Golden-winged Cacique, \u30ad\u30f3\u30d0\u30cd\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus chrysonotus, Southern Mountain Cacique, \u30df\u30e4\u30de\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus leucoramphus, Northern Mountain Cacique \uff08C. chrysonotus \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Cacicus sclateri, Ecuadorian Cacique, \u30d2\u30e1\u30af\u30ed\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus koepckeae, Selva Cacique, \u30da\u30eb\u30fc\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus solitarius, Solitary Cacique, \u30a2\u30aa\u30af\u30ed\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCacicus melanicterus, Yellow-winged Cacique, \u30ad\u30d0\u30cd\u30c4\u30ea\u30b9\u30c9\u30eaCup-Nesting Caciques[\u7de8\u96c6]Orioles[\u7de8\u96c6]Icterus, \u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eIcterus icterus, Venezuelan Troupial, \u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus croconotus, Orange-backed Troupial \uff08I. icterus \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Icterus jamacaii, Campo Troupial, \u30ab\u30f3\u30dd\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus pectoralis, Spot-breasted Oriole, \u30e0\u30ca\u30d5\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus graceannae, White-edged Oriole, \u30b5\u30d0\u30af\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus mesomelas, Yellow-tailed Oriole, \u30ad\u30ac\u30bf\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus cayanensis, Epaulet Oriole, \u30a2\u30ab\u30ab\u30bf\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad \uff08I. chrysocephalus \u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09Icterus pyrrhopterus, Variable Oriole \uff08I. cayanensis \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Icterus bonana, Martinique Oriole, \u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30cb\u30af\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus laudabilis, St. Lucia Oriole, \u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u30eb\u30b7\u30a2\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus oberi, Montserrat Oriole, \u30e2\u30f3\u30c8\u30bb\u30e9\u30fc\u30c8\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus dominicensis, Hispaniolan Oriole, \u30af\u30ed\u30ba\u30ad\u30f3\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus portoricensis, Puerto Rican Oriole \uff08I. dominicensis \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Icterus melanopsis, Cuban Oriole \uff08I. dominicensis \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Icterus northropi, Bahama Oriole \uff08I. dominicensis \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Icterus prosthemelas, Black-cowled OrioleIcterus spurius, Orchard Oriole, \u30a2\u30ab\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus fuertesi, Ochre Oriole \uff08I. spurius \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Icterus cucullatus, Hooded Oriole, \u30e0\u30ca\u30b0\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus wagleri, Black-vented Oriole, \u30af\u30ed\u30cf\u30e9\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus maculialatus, Bar-winged Oriole, \u30b7\u30ed\u30b9\u30b8\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus parisorum, Scott’s Oriole, \u30bb\u30b0\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus auricapillus, Orange-crowned Oriole, \u30a2\u30ab\u30dc\u30a6\u30b7\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus chrysater, Yellow-backed Oriole, \u30cf\u30b0\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus graduacauda, Audubon’s Oriole, \u30ba\u30b0\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus galbula, Northern Oriole, \u30dc\u30eb\u30c1\u30e2\u30a2\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus abeillei, Black-backed OrioleIcterus bullockii, Bullock’s OrioleIcterus pustulatus, Streak-backed Oriole, \u30ba\u30a2\u30ab\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus leucopteryx, Jamaican Oriole, \u30b8\u30e3\u30de\u30a4\u30ab\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus auratus, Orange Oriole, \u30b3\u30aa\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus nigrogularis, Yellow Oriole, \u30ad\u30a4\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adIcterus gularis, Altamira Oriole, \u30aa\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adGrackles and Allies[\u7de8\u96c6]NesopsarGymnomystaxMacroagelaius, \u30d5\u30b5\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eHypopyrrhusLampropsarGnorimopsarCuraeus, \u30df\u30ca\u30df\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eAmblyramphusAgelasticus \uff08Agelaius \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Chrysomus \uff08Agelaius \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Xanthopsar \uff08Agelaius \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Pseudoleistes, \u30cc\u30de\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eAgelaioides, \u30af\u30ea\u30d0\u30cd\u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6\u5c5eMolothrus, \u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6\u5c5eMolothrus rufoaxillaris, Screaming Cowbird, \u30ca\u30ad\u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6Molothrus oryzivorus, Giant Cowbird, \u30aa\u30aa\u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6 (Scaphidura oryzivora)Molothrus aeneus, Bronzed Cowbird, \u30af\u30ed\u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6Molothrus armenti, Bronze-brown Cowbird \uff08M. aeneus \u304b\u3089\u5206\u96e2\uff09Molothrus bonariensis, Shiny Cowbird, \u30c6\u30ea\u30d0\u30cd\u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6Molothrus ater, Brown-headed Cowbird, \u30b3\u30a6\u30a6\u30c1\u30e7\u30a6Dives, \u30a6\u30bf\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eAgelaius, \u30cf\u30b4\u30ed\u30e2\u30ac\u30e9\u30b9\u5c5eEuphagus, \u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eQuiscalus, \u30aa\u30aa\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u5c5eQuiscalus quiscula, Common Grackle, \u30aa\u30aa\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adQuiscalus lugubris, Carib Grackle, \u30b3\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adQuiscalus mexicanus, Great-tailed Grackle, \u30aa\u30ca\u30ac\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adQuiscalus major, Boat-tailed Grackle, \u30ad\u30bf\u30aa\u30ca\u30ac\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adQuiscalus palustris \u2020, Slender-billed Grackle, \u30cf\u30b7\u30dc\u30bd\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adQuiscalus nicaraguensis, Nicaraguan Grackle, \u30cb\u30ab\u30e9\u30b0\u30a2\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adQuiscalus niger, Greater Antillean Grackle, \u30a2\u30f3\u30c1\u30eb\u30af\u30ed\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30adMeadowlarks and Allies[\u7de8\u96c6]Sturnella, \u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30ea\u5c5e \uff08Leistes \u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09Sturnella militaris, Red-breasted Blackbird, \u30e0\u30cd\u30a2\u30ab\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30ea (Leistes militaris)Sturnella superciliaris, White-browed Blackbird, \u30de\u30df\u30b8\u30ed\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30ea (Leistes superciliaris)Sturnella bellicosa, Peruvian Meadowlark, \u30da\u30eb\u30fc\u30e0\u30cd\u30a2\u30ab\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30eaSturnella defilippii, Pampas Meadowlark, \u30b3\u30e0\u30cd\u30a2\u30ab\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30eaSturnella loyca, Long-tailed Meadowlark, \u30aa\u30ca\u30ac\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30eaSturnella magna, Eastern Meadowlark, \u30d2\u30ac\u30b7\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30ea \uff08S. lilianae \u3092\u542b\u3080\uff09Sturnella neglecta, Western Meadowlark, \u30cb\u30b7\u30de\u30ad\u30d0\u30c9\u30eaXanthocephalusDolichonyx^ a b c d Lanyon, Scott M.; Omland, Kevin E. (1999), \u201cA molecular phylogeny of the Blackbirds (Icteridae): five lineages revealed by cytochrome-B sequence data\u201d, Auk 116 (3):  629?639, http:\/\/elibrary.unm.edu\/sora\/Auk\/v116n03\/p0629-p0639.pdf\u00a0^ \u68ee\u5ca1\u5f18\u4e4b, \u201c\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u201d, \u4e16\u754c\u5927\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178, \u5e73\u51e1\u793e\u00a0^ Lovette, I. J.; Bermingham, E. (2002), \u201cWhat is a Wood-Warbler? Molecular characterization of a monophyletic Parulidae\u201d, Auk 119:  695\u2013714, http:\/\/www.stri.si.edu\/sites\/publications\/PDFs\/Bermingham,%20Warbler%20Parulidae%20Auk02.pdf\u00a0^ \u4e2d\u6751\u767b\u6d41, \u201c\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u201d, \u65e5\u672c\u5927\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u66f8, Yahoo!\u767e\u79d1\u4e8b\u5178, \u5c0f\u5b66\u9928, http:\/\/100.yahoo.co.jp\/detail\/\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\/\u00a0^ a b Klicka, John; Burns, Kevin; Spellman, Garth M. (2007), \u201cDefining a monophyletic Cardinalini: A molecular perspective\u201d, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 45:  1014?1032,  \u30aa\u30ea\u30b8\u30ca\u30eb\u306e2010\u5e747\u670811\u65e5\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\u3002, https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20100711201517\/http:\/\/www.bio.sdsu.edu\/pub\/burns\/Klickaetal2007.pdf\u00a0^ a b Weir, J. T.; Bermingham, E.; Schluter, D. (2009), \u201cThe Great American Biotic Interchange in birds\u201d, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106:  21737-21742, http:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/106\/51\/21737.full\u00a0^ Sibley, C.G. (1970), \u201cFamily Mimidae, Thrashers and Mockingbirds\u201d, A Comparative Study of the Egg-White Proteins of Passerine Birds, Bulletin 32, New Heaven, CT: Peabody Museum of Natural History and Department of Biology, Yale University\u00a0^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2012), \u201cBuntings, tanagers and allies\u201d, IOC World Bird Names, version 3.1,  \u30aa\u30ea\u30b8\u30ca\u30eb\u306e2013\u5e7410\u670821\u65e5\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30a2\u30fc\u30ab\u30a4\u30d6\u3002, https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20131021042403\/http:\/\/www.worldbirdnames.org\/n-buntings.html\u00a0\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki18\/archives\/284427#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u30e0\u30af\u30c9\u30ea\u30e2\u30c9\u30ad\u79d1 – Wikipedia"}}]}]