[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/archives\/4884#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/archives\/4884","headline":"\u6551\u8ca7\u9662 (\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9) – Wikipedia","name":"\u6551\u8ca7\u9662 (\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9) – Wikipedia","description":"1780\u5e74\u9803\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u30a6\u30a3\u30c3\u30c1\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3002 \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9(\u82f1\u8a9e: Workhouse)\u306f\u6551\u8ca7\u9662\u306e\u4e00\u7a2e\u3067\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30a6\u30a7\u30fc\u30eb\u30ba\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u81ea\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u751f\u6d3b\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u8005\u3092\u53ce\u5bb9\u3057\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u65bd\u8a2d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53e3\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u306f\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30af(Spike)\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002’workhouse’\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u6700\u3082\u53e4\u3044\u8a18\u9332\u30671631\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[1]\u3002 \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u8d77\u6e90\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u306e\u9ed2\u6b7b\u75c5\u6d41\u884c\u5f8c\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u4e0d\u8db3\u306b\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8a2d\u3051\u3089\u308c\u305f1388\u5e74\u306e\u6551\u8ca7\u6cd5\u307e\u3067\u9061\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306b\u3088\u308a\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u79fb\u52d5\u306f\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u306f\u56fd\u304c\u8ca7\u56f0\u652f\u63f4\u306e\u8cac\u4efb\u3092\u8ca0\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u30011815\u5e74\u30ca\u30dd\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3\u6226\u4e89\u306e\u7d42\u6226\u306b\u3068\u3082\u306a\u3046\u5931\u696d\u8005\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3084\u3001\u8fb2\u696d\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u596a\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u3001\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u4e0d\u4f5c\u306a\u3069\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u30011830\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u982d\u306b\u306f\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u6551\u8ca7\u5236\u5ea6\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3057\u30661834\u5e74\u306e\u65b0\u6551\u8ca7\u6cd5\u304c\u5236\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6cd5\u6848\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306b\u5165\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u62d2\u3093\u3060\u3082\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6551\u63f4\u3092\u524a\u3050\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u666f\u6c17\u306e\u52d5\u5411\u3092\u597d\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8a66\u307f\u305f\u3002\u6551\u8ca7\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3092\u904b\u55b6\u3057\u3001\u53ce\u5bb9\u8005\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u529b\u304b\u3089\u5229\u76ca\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u305d\u3046\u3068\u3057\u305f\u8005\u3082\u3044\u305f\u304c\u3001\u53ce\u5bb9\u8005\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u5834\u3067\u7af6\u4e89\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6280\u8853\u3082\u3084\u308b\u6c17\u3082\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u53ce\u5bb9\u8005\u306f\u77f3\u3092\u5272\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u9aa8\u3092\u7815\u3044\u3066\u80a5\u6599\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30af\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u722a\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u7e04\u3092\u307b\u3069\u3044\u3066\u69d9\u808c[2][3][4]\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u4ed5\u4e8b\u306a\u3069\u3067\u96c7\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u304c\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u5225\u540d\u306e\u7531\u6765\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 Table of Contents \u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u52e2\u3068\u6cd5\u5f8b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30f4\u30a3\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u671d\u521d\u671f\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4ed5\u4e8b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u767a\u5c55\u3068\u5ec3\u6b62[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6] \u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u52e2\u3068\u6cd5\u5f8b[\u7de8\u96c6] 1784\u5e74\u306e\u56fd\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u306e\u798f\u7949\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u5e74\u95932\u767e\u4e07\u30dd\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304c\u30011832\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u5e74\u95937\u767e\u4e07\u30dd\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u307e\u3067\u81a8\u308c\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u56fd\u6c11\u4e00\u4eba\u3042\u305f\u308a10\u30b7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u984d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6025\u5897\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u63f4\u52a9\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u4eba\u304c\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u5897\u3048\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300219\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u982d\u3001\u30ca\u30dd\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3\u6226\u4e89\u5f8c\u306e\u4e0d\u6cc1\u306b\u3088\u308a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5931\u696d\u8005\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u3092\u4e0d\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8fb2\u696d\u767a\u5c55\u306b\u52a0\u3048[8]\u30011828\u5e74\u304b\u30893\u5e74\u7d9a\u3044\u305f\u4e0d\u4f5c\u3084\u30011830\u5e74\u306e\u30b9\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u66b4\u52d5\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3001\u6551\u8ca7\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u6539\u9769\u304c\u8feb\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002 \u6551\u8ca7\u5236\u5ea6\u304c\u5e83\u304f\u60aa\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7591\u60d1\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u30011832\u5e74\u306b\u653f\u5e9c\u306f\u63f4\u52a9\u3092\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\u306b\u9069\u5207\u306b\u5c4a\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u884c\u3044\u52a9\u8a00\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u95a2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u738b\u7acb\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u3092\u7acb\u3061\u4e0a\u3052[8]\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3068\u3057\u30661834\u5e74\u306e\u65b0\u6551\u8ca7\u6cd5\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u4e2d\u592e\u96c6\u6a29\u5316\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6551\u8ca7\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u304c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u300c\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3082\u53ce\u5bb9\u8005\u306b\u9650\u308a\u3001\u4f8b\u5916\u306f\u306a\u3044\u300d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9662\u5916\u306e\u5065\u5eb7\u306a\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6551\u8ca7\u306f\u5168\u5ec3\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u6559\u533a\u306f\u6559\u533a\u9023\u5408\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u9023\u5408\u306f\u5171\u7acb\u6551\u8ca7\u9662\u306e\u904b\u55b6\u306b\u3042\u305f\u3063\u305f\u300250\u5e74\u9593\u306b500\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u6559\u533a\u9023\u5408\u304c\u7d50\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e3\u5206\u306e2\u306f1840\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306b\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f \u3002\u5730\u57df\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6fc0\u3057\u3044\u62b5\u6297\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7279\u306b\u5317\u90e8\u306e\u5de5\u696d\u5730\u57df\u3067\u306f\u66b4\u529b\u306b\u8a34\u3048\u308b\u8005\u3082\u3044\u305f\u30021837\u5e74\u306e\u5927\u4e0d\u6cc1\u4e0b\u3067\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4eba\u304c\u8077\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u5931\u696d\u8005\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u8077\u304c\u306a\u3044\u9593\u3092\u4e57\u308a\u5207\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u77ed\u671f\u6551\u6e08\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u601d\u3044\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30021838\u5e74\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u306713,427\u306e\u6559\u533a\u306b\u3088\u308a573\u3082\u306e\u6559\u533a\u9023\u5408\u304c\u7d50\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u56fd\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u9023\u5408\u304c\u7d50\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f1868\u5e74\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3002 \u30f4\u30a3\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u671d\u521d\u671f\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6] \u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30bd\u30f3\u30fb\u30b1\u30f3\u30d7\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5341\u5b57\u578b\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3002300\u4eba\u306e\u8ca7\u56f0\u8005\u3092\u53ce\u5bb9\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002 \u30aa\u30fc\u30ac\u30b9\u30bf\u30b9\u30fb\u30d7\u30fc\u30ae\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308bContrasted Residences for the Poor (1836)\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u30b1\u30f3\u30d7\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\u306e\u516d\u89d2\u5f62\u306e\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002","datePublished":"2021-02-27","dateModified":"2021-02-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Workhouse_Nantwich.jpg\/280px-Workhouse_Nantwich.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1a\/Workhouse_Nantwich.jpg\/280px-Workhouse_Nantwich.jpg","height":"216","width":"280"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/archives\/4884","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":4961,"articleBody":"  1780\u5e74\u9803\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u305f\u30ca\u30f3\u30c8\u30a6\u30a3\u30c3\u30c1\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3002\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9(\u82f1\u8a9e: Workhouse)\u306f\u6551\u8ca7\u9662\u306e\u4e00\u7a2e\u3067\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30b0\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30a6\u30a7\u30fc\u30eb\u30ba\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u81ea\u7acb\u3057\u3066\u751f\u6d3b\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u8005\u3092\u53ce\u5bb9\u3057\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3066\u3044\u305f\u65bd\u8a2d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53e3\u8a9e\u7684\u306b\u306f\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30af(Spike)\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002’workhouse’\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u6700\u3082\u53e4\u3044\u8a18\u9332\u30671631\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[1]\u3002  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of Contents  \u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u52e2\u3068\u6cd5\u5f8b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30f4\u30a3\u30af\u30c8\u30ea\u30a2\u671d\u521d\u671f\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4ed5\u4e8b[\u7de8\u96c6]\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306e\u767a\u5c55\u3068\u5ec3\u6b62[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u793e\u4f1a\u60c5\u52e2\u3068\u6cd5\u5f8b[\u7de8\u96c6]1784\u5e74\u306e\u56fd\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u306e\u798f\u7949\u8cbb\u7528\u306f\u5e74\u95932\u767e\u4e07\u30dd\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304c\u30011832\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u5e74\u95937\u767e\u4e07\u30dd\u30f3\u30c9\u306b\u307e\u3067\u81a8\u308c\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u56fd\u6c11\u4e00\u4eba\u3042\u305f\u308a10\u30b7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u984d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6025\u5897\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u63f4\u52a9\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u4eba\u304c\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u5897\u3048\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300219\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u982d\u3001\u30ca\u30dd\u30ec\u30aa\u30f3\u6226\u4e89\u5f8c\u306e\u4e0d\u6cc1\u306b\u3088\u308a\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5931\u696d\u8005\u304c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u3092\u4e0d\u8981\u3068\u3059\u308b\u8fb2\u696d\u767a\u5c55\u306b\u52a0\u3048[8]\u30011828\u5e74\u304b\u30893\u5e74\u7d9a\u3044\u305f\u4e0d\u4f5c\u3084\u30011830\u5e74\u306e\u30b9\u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u66b4\u52d5\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3001\u6551\u8ca7\u5236\u5ea6\u306e\u6539\u9769\u304c\u8feb\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002 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 \u30aa\u30fc\u30ac\u30b9\u30bf\u30b9\u30fb\u30d7\u30fc\u30ae\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308bContrasted Residences for the Poor (1836)\u3002\u5f7c\u306f\u30b1\u30f3\u30d7\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\u306e\u516d\u89d2\u5f62\u306e\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u6551\u8ca7\u6cd5\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u306f\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u6279\u5224\u7684\u3067\u3001\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306e\u5efa\u3066\u66ff\u3048\u3092\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002  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correction\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u904b\u55b6\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3082\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u30d0\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30ac\u30e0\u30b7\u30e3\u30fc\u306e\u6cbb\u5b89\u5224\u4e8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30de\u30b7\u30e5\u30fc\u30fb\u30de\u30ea\u30aa\u30c3\u30c8\u306e\u8a66\u307f\u3082\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u4f8b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30021714\u5e74\u304b\u30891722\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306e\u9593\u3001\u5f7c\u306f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3092\u5229\u76ca\u6e90\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8ca7\u56f0\u306e\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u884c\u3046\u65bd\u8a2d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7528\u3044\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u3066\u305d\u308c\u304c\u540c\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u304c\u591a\u304f\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u5b89\u3044\u52b4\u50cd\u529b\u304c\u81ea\u3089\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3068\u7af6\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5fc3\u914d\u3057\u305f\u30021888\u5e74\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u85aa\u4f10\u6728\u624b\u4fdd\u8b77\u5354\u4f1a(Firewood Cutters Protection Association)\u306f\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9\u30f3\u306e\u30a4\u30fc\u30b9\u30c8\u30a8\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u304c\u58f2\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u5b89\u3044\u85aa\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f1a\u54e1\u306e\u751f\u6d3b\u304c\u8105\u304b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u6297\u8b70\u3057\u305f\u3002\u53ce\u5bb9\u8005\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u75c5\u4eba\u306e\u770b\u8b77\u3084\u6307\u5c0e\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u5f7c\u3089\u306e\u80fd\u529b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u5272\u308a\u5f53\u3066\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u8005\u3082\u591a\u304f\u3044\u305f\u304c\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306e\u53ce\u5bb9\u8005\u306f\u77f3\u3092\u5272\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u96fb\u4fe1\u7dda\u304b\u3089\u9ebb\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u304f\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u300c\u6982\u3057\u3066\u4ed6\u611b\u3082\u306a\u3044\u300d\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3067\u96c7\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f 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u306e\u75c5\u9662\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5f15\u304d\u53d6\u308b\u6a29\u5229\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9\u30f3\u5e02\u5916\u3067\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u5f15\u304d\u53d6\u3063\u305f\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u540c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306b\u3088\u308a1930\u5e744\u6708\uff11\u65e5\u3092\u3082\u3063\u3066\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306f\u5ec3\u6b62\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u751f\u6d3b\u4fdd\u8b77\u65bd\u8a2d (Public Assistance Institution)\u3068\u6539\u79f0\u3057\u3066\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0b\u3067\u5b58\u7d9a\u3057\u305f\u30021939\u5e74\u306e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u52c3\u767a\u6642\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3060\u304a\u3088\u305d100,000\u3082\u306e\u4eba\u304c\u304b\u3064\u3066\u306e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306b\u53ce\u5bb9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3046\u30615,629\u4eba\u306f\u5b50\u4f9b\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3057\u30661948\u5e74\u306b\u56fd\u6c11\u6276\u52a9\u6cd5\u304c\u5236\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6551\u8ca7\u6cd5\u306f\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u75d5\u8de1\u307e\u3067\u7121\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u306f\u5ec3\u6b62\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5efa\u7269\u306f\u5730\u5143\u306e\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u304c\u904b\u55b6\u3059\u308b\u8001\u4eba\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u3078\u3068\u8ee2\u7528\u3055\u308c\u30011960\u5e74\u306e\u6bb5\u968e\u3067\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u304c\u904b\u55b6\u3059\u308b\u8001\u4eba\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u534a\u6570\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306f\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9\u3092\u8ee2\u7528\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u5357\u30ed\u30f3\u30c9\u30f3\u306e\u30da\u30c3\u30ab\u30e0\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30ad\u30e3\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u6551\u8ca7\u9662\u306f\u518d\u5b9a\u4f4f\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u3068\u6539\u79f0\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4fdd\u5065\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u969c\u7701\u306e\u3082\u3068\u30671985\u5e74\u307e\u30671000\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u308b\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u30ec\u30b9\u3092\u53ce\u5bb9\u3057\u7d9a\u3051\u305f[34]\u3002\u30b5\u30a6\u30b9\u30a6\u30a7\u30eb\u6551\u8ca7\u9662\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u306f\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff09\u306f1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\u982d\u307e\u3067\u6bcd\u5b50\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u53ce\u5bb9\u3059\u308b\u65bd\u8a2d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]Anon (1836), Reports from Commissioners, Fifteen Volumes, (8. Part I), Poor Laws (England), Session 4 February\u00a0\u2013 20 August 1836, 29, part 1, HMSO, http:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=RFQSAAAAYAAJ\u00a0Crowther, A. C. (1981), The Workhouse System 1834\u20131929: The History of an English Social Institution, Batsford Academic and Educational, ISBN\u00a00-7134-3671-9\u00a0Driver, Felix (2004), Power and Pauperism, Cambridge University Press, ISBN\u00a00-521-60747-7\u00a0Fowler, Simon (2007), Workhouse: The People: The Places: The Life Behind Closed Doors, The National Archives, ISBN\u00a0978-1-905615-28-5\u00a0Fraser, Derek (2009), The Evolution of the British Welfare State (4 ed.), Palgrave Macmillan, ISBN\u00a0978-0-230-22466-7\u00a0Gibson, Colin (1993), Dissolving Wedlock, Routledge, ISBN\u00a0978-0-415-03226-1\u00a0Green, David R. (2010), Pauper Capital: London and the Poor Law, 1790\u20131870, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN\u00a00-7546-3008-0\u00a0Higginbotham, Peter (2006), Workhouses of the North, Tempus, ISBN\u00a00-7524-4001-2\u00a0Higginbotham, Peter (2012) (eBook), The Workhouse Encyclopedia, The History Press, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7524-7719-0\u00a0Higgs, Michelle (2007), Life in the Victorian & Edwardian Workhouse, Tempus Publishing, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7524-4214-3\u00a0Honeyman, Katrina (2007), Child Workers in England, 1780\u20131820, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7546-6272-3\u00a0Hopkins, Eric (1994), Childhood Transformed, Manchester University Press, ISBN\u00a00-7190-3867-7\u00a0Jones, Catherine (1980) [1977], Immigration and Social Policy in Britain, Taylor & Francis, ISBN\u00a0978-0-422-74680-9\u00a0Knott, John (1986), Popular opposition to the 1834 Poor Law, Taylor & Francis, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7099-1532-4\u00a0Levinson, David, ed. (2004), \u201cAn Act for the Amendment and better Administration of the Laws relating to the Poor in England and Wales (14th August 1834)\u201d, Encyclopedia of Homelessness, 2, Sage, pp.\u00a0663\u201392, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7619-2751-8\u00a0Longmate, Norman (2003), The Workhouse, Pimlico, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7126-0637-0\u00a0May, Trevor (1987), An Economic and Social History of Britain 1760\u20131970, Longman Group, ISBN\u00a00-582-35281-9\u00a0May, Trevor (2011), The Victorian Workhouse, Shire Publications, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7478-0355-3\u00a0Means, Robin; Smith, Randall (1985), The Development of Welfare Services for Elderly People, Routledge, ISBN\u00a00-7099-3531-5\u00a0Nicholls, Sir George (1854), A History of the English Poor Law, II, John Murray, http:\/\/books.google.co.uk\/books?id=I37aAAAAMAAJ\u00a0Nixon, Cheryl L. (2011), The Orphan in Eighteenth-Century Law and Literature, Ashgate Publishing, ISBN\u00a00-7546-6424-4\u00a0Poynter, J. R. (1969), Society and Pauperism, Routledge and Kegan Paul, ISBN\u00a0978-0-8020-1611-9\u00a0Redford, Arthur (1976), Labour Migration in England, 1800\u20131850 (3rd ed.), Manchester University Press, ISBN\u00a0978-0-7190-0636-4\u00a0\u95a2\u9023\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]Crompton, Frank (1997). Workhouse Children: Infant and Child Paupers Under the Worcestershire Poor Law, 1780\u20131871. Sutton Publishing. ISBN\u00a0978-0-7509-1429-1\u00a0Downing, J. (1725). An Account of Several Work-houses for Employing and Maintaining the Poor. Joseph Downing. http:\/\/openlibrary.org\/books\/OL22843166M\/An_Account_of_several_work-houses_for_employing_and_maintaining_the_poor\u00a0Higginbotham, Peter (2007). Workhouses of the Midlands. The History Press. ISBN\u00a0978-0-7524-4488-8\u00a0Higginbotham, Peter (2008). The Workhouse Cookbook. The History Press. ISBN\u00a0978-0-7524-4730-8\u00a0Rogers, Joseph (1889). Reminiscences of a Workhouse Medical Officer. T. F. Unwin. http:\/\/www.archive.org\/details\/josephrogersmdre00roge\u00a0Nightingale, Florence (1867). Workhouse nursing. Macmillan and Co.\u00a0Twining, Louisa (1858). Workhouses and women’s work. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans and Roberts\u00a0\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki2\/archives\/4884#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u6551\u8ca7\u9662 (\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30cf\u30a6\u30b9) – Wikipedia"}}]}]