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\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\u3092\u5408\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u7d04308\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u7dda\u8def\uff08\u8907\u7dda\u533a\u9593\u306f\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u8a08\u7b97\uff09\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7dda\u8def\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u72ed\u8ecc\uff081009 mm\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u300120\u756a\u7dda\u300122\u756a\u7dda\u304a\u3088\u307323\u756a\u7dda\u306b\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\uff081435 mm\uff09\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u7db2\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u306f\u7d0440\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[2]\u3002 1898\u5e7412\u67081\u65e5\u3001\u5e02\u306e\u5f53\u5c40\u306f\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u4f1a\u793e\u306b\u8def\u9762\u96fb\u8eca\u7db2\u5efa\u8a2d\u306e\u8a31\u53ef\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u7d041\u5e74\u5f37\u306e\u5de5\u4e8b\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u30011901\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8def\u7dda\u304c\u6b63\u5f0f\u306b\u904b\u884c\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u521d\u306f25\u53f0\u306e\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u304a\u3088\u307310\u53f0\u306e\u4ed8\u968f\u8eca\u3001\u306a\u3089\u3073\u306b\u5408\u7b97\u3057\u306623\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u306a\u308b\u72ed\u8ecc\uff081,000 mm\uff09\u306e6\u8def\u7dda\u3067\u64cd\u696d\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f[2]\u3002 1901\u5e74\u304b\u30891931\u5e74\u306e\u9593\u306f\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306e\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u8005\u304b\u3089\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4ed8\u968f\u8eca\u3092\u8cfc\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u30011931\u5e74\u306b\u30d6\u30eb\u30ac\u30ea\u30a2\u306f\u6280\u8853\u8005Teodosiy Kardalev\u306e\u76e3\u7763\u306e\u3082\u3068\u8eca\u4e21\u306e\u5185\u88fd\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8eca\u4e21\u306fKardalev’s carriages\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30021936\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001DTO (\u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e – Direktsia na tramvaite i osvetlenieto\uff1a\u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u5e02\u55b6\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u30fb\u7167\u660e\u5c40\uff09\u306e\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306e\u30d6\u30eb\u30ac\u30ea\u30a2\u88fd\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u304c\u88fd\u9020\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u53e4\u306e\u8eca\u53f0\u304c\u88fd\u9020\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f[3]\u3002","datePublished":"2022-04-26","dateModified":"2022-04-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki20\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki20\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cd810e53c1408c38cc766bc14e7ce26a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cd810e53c1408c38cc766bc14e7ce26a?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d1\/Trams_in_Sofia_1909.jpg\/250px-Trams_in_Sofia_1909.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/d1\/Trams_in_Sofia_1909.jpg\/250px-Trams_in_Sofia_1909.jpg","height":"179","width":"250"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki20\/archives\/292661","about":["wiki"],"wordCount":476,"articleBody":"\u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u5e02\u96fb\u306f\u30d6\u30eb\u30ac\u30ea\u30a2\u306e\u9996\u90fd\u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e3b\u8981\u516c\u5171\u4ea4\u901a\u6a5f\u95a2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30021901\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u904b\u884c\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f[2]\u30022006\u5e74\u6642\u70b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u306f\u72ed\u8ecc\u30fb \u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\u3092\u5408\u7b97\u3057\u3066\u7d04308\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u7dda\u8def\uff08\u8907\u7dda\u533a\u9593\u306f\u4e8c\u91cd\u306b\u8a08\u7b97\uff09\u3092\u6709\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u7dda\u8def\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u72ed\u8ecc\uff081009 mm\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u300120\u756a\u7dda\u300122\u756a\u7dda\u304a\u3088\u307323\u756a\u7dda\u306b\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\uff081435 mm\uff09\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u7db2\u5168\u4f53\u3067\u306f\u7d0440\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[2]\u3002  1898\u5e7412\u67081\u65e5\u3001\u5e02\u306e\u5f53\u5c40\u306f\u30d5\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u4f1a\u793e\u306b\u8def\u9762\u96fb\u8eca\u7db2\u5efa\u8a2d\u306e\u8a31\u53ef\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u7d041\u5e74\u5f37\u306e\u5de5\u4e8b\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u30011901\u5e741\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u6700\u521d\u306e\u8def\u7dda\u304c\u6b63\u5f0f\u306b\u904b\u884c\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u521d\u306f25\u53f0\u306e\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u304a\u3088\u307310\u53f0\u306e\u4ed8\u968f\u8eca\u3001\u306a\u3089\u3073\u306b\u5408\u7b97\u3057\u306623\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u306a\u308b\u72ed\u8ecc\uff081,000 mm\uff09\u306e6\u8def\u7dda\u3067\u64cd\u696d\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f[2]\u3002  1901\u5e74\u304b\u30891931\u5e74\u306e\u9593\u306f\u3055\u307e\u3056\u307e\u306a\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u306e\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u8005\u304b\u3089\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u304a\u3088\u3073\u4ed8\u968f\u8eca\u3092\u8cfc\u5165\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u30011931\u5e74\u306b\u30d6\u30eb\u30ac\u30ea\u30a2\u306f\u6280\u8853\u8005Teodosiy Kardalev\u306e\u76e3\u7763\u306e\u3082\u3068\u8eca\u4e21\u306e\u5185\u88fd\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u8eca\u4e21\u306fKardalev’s carriages\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30021936\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001DTO (\u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e – Direktsia na tramvaite i osvetlenieto\uff1a\u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u5e02\u55b6\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u30fb\u7167\u660e\u5c40\uff09\u306e\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u3082\u3068\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306e\u30d6\u30eb\u30ac\u30ea\u30a2\u88fd\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u304c\u88fd\u9020\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u5f53\u521d\u306f\u3001\u4e2d\u53e4\u306e\u8eca\u53f0\u304c\u88fd\u9020\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f[3]\u30021934\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u3001Krasno selo\u5730\u533a\u306b\u6700\u521d\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8eca\u5eab\u304c\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u30011951\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u8eca\u4e21\u3092\u88fd\u9020\u3059\u308b\u5de5\u5834\u304c\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8eca\u4e21\u88fd\u9020\u696d\u8005\uff08\u30d6\u30eb\u30ac\u30ea\u30a2\u8a9e: \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043d \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 – Tramvaen zavod\uff1a\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u5de5\u5834\u3001\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u306f1990\u5e74\u306b”\u0422\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0440“\uff08Tramkar\uff1a\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u8eca\u4e21\uff09\u3068\u547d\u540d\u3055\u308c\u30012008\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u3053\u306e\u793e\u540d\u3067\u306e\u767b\u9332\u4f1a\u793e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u30021959\u5e74\u306bTramkar\u306f155\u53f0\u306eDTO\u304a\u3088\u3073Republika\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u96fb\u52d5\u8eca\u3092\u88fd\u9020\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u6700\u521d\u306e\u5b8c\u5168\u56fd\u7523\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u8eca\u4e21\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u88fd\u9020\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u8eca\u4e21\u3067\u3042\u308bT8M-900\u306f1991\u5e74\u306b\u7d0d\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[2]\u3002\u3053\u308c\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u5de5\u5834\u306f\u53e4\u3044\u8eca\u4e21\u306e\u4fee\u7406\u3084\u30ea\u30ce\u30d9\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002  \u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u5e02\u96fb\u3067\u6700\u521d\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\u8def\u7dda\u306f1987\u5e74\u306b\u64cd\u696d\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u8def\u7dda\u306f\u540d\u76ee\u4e0a1,000mm\u306e\u72ed\u8ecc\uff08\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u30b2\u30fc\u30b8\uff09\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306f1,009 mm\u306e\u72ed\u8ecc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u304b\u30898\u5e74\u5f8c\u306e1995\u5e74\u30012\u756a\u76ee\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u8ecc\u8def\u7dda\u304c\u5b8c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u964d\u306f\u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u5730\u4e0b\u9244\u306e\u6574\u5099\u306b\u6ce8\u529b\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u8def\u7dda\u306f\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044[2]\u3002\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u8def\u7dda[\u7de8\u96c6]  \u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u306e\u30c8\u30e9\u30e0\u7db2\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki20\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki20\/archives\/292661#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u30bd\u30d5\u30a3\u30a2\u5e02\u96fb – Wikipedia"}}]}]