[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/archives\/107026#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/archives\/107026","headline":"\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49 – Wikipedia","name":"\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49 – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 \u3053\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u300c\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u300d\u306f\u52a0\u7b46\u4f9d\u983c\u306b\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u3088\u308a\u5145\u5b9f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6b21\u306e\u70b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u52a0\u7b46\u306e\u8981\u70b9 – 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\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7c73\u56fd\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u6cd5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6] \u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7[\u7de8\u96c6] \u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]","datePublished":"2022-03-23","dateModified":"2022-03-23","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg\/45px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e8\/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg\/45px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png","height":"45","width":"45"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/archives\/107026","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":4076,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4\u3053\u306e\u9805\u76ee\u300c\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u300d\u306f\u52a0\u7b46\u4f9d\u983c\u306b\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u3088\u308a\u5145\u5b9f\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u6b21\u306e\u70b9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u52a0\u7b46\u306e\u8981\u70b9 – 1.\u672a\u7ffb\u8a33\u306e\u9805\u76ee2.\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u4e8b\u4f8b\uff08\u8cbc\u4ed8\u5f8c\u306fWikipedia:\u52a0\u7b46\u4f9d\u983c\u306e\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u306b\u4f9d\u983c\u5185\u5bb9\u3092\u8a18\u8ff0\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u8a18\u8ff0\u304c\u7121\u3044\u3068\u30bf\u30b0\u306f\u9664\u53bb\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff09\uff082015\u5e743\u6708\uff09\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\uff08\u304d\u304b\u3044\u304d\u3093\u3068\u3046\u3001Equal opportunity\uff09\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u6271\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u89b3\u5ff5\u3067\u3001\u7279\u306b\u4eba\u70ba\u7684\u306a\u969c\u58c1\u30fb\u5148\u5165\u89b3\u30fb\u55dc\u597d\u306a\u3069\u3092\u300c\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u5408\u7406\u7684\u3068\u898b\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u300d\u4ee5\u5916\u5168\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u9664\u304f\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b[1]\u3002\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5e73\u7b49\u3068\u3082\u3044\u3046\u3002\u3088\u304f\u300c\u8907\u5408\u7684\u3067\u6df1\u616e\u306a\u30b3\u30f3\u30bb\u30d7\u30c8[2]\u300d\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u306e\u7406\u5ff5\u306f\u3001\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u4ed5\u4e8b\u306f\u300c\u6700\u3082\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u8005\u300d\u306b\u3086\u3060\u306d\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3060\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8003\u3048\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u4efb\u52d9\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u6700\u3082\u5353\u8d8a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4eba\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u751f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u5e74\u30fb\u751f\u80b2\u74b0\u5883\u30fb\u6a29\u529b\u3068\u306e\u7d50\u3073\u3064\u304d[3]\u30fb\u4fe1\u6761\u30fb\u6027\u5225[4]\u30fb\u6c11\u65cf\u6027[4]\u30fb\u4eba\u7a2e\u30fb\u8eab\u5206[5]\u30fb\u975e\u81ea\u767a\u7684\u306a\u305d\u306e\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u969c\u5bb3\u30fb\u5e74\u9f62\u30fb\u6027\u5225\u306a\u3069[5][6] 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of Contents\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7c73\u56fd\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u6cd5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002  \u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5e73\u7b49\uff08Formal equality of opportunity\uff09\u306f[2]\u3001\u307e\u305f\u7121\u5dee\u5225\u539f\u5247\uff08nondiscrimination principle\uff09[13]\u30fb\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5dee\u5225\uff08direct discrimination\uff09[2]\u3001\u72ed\u7fa9\u306b\u306f\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u5e73\u7b49\uff08equality of access\uff09[2][14]\u306a\u3069\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u306a\u52df\u96c6\u544a\u77e5\uff08Open call\uff09\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u5fdc\u52df\u306f\u3001\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u30a2\u30c9\u30d0\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u6301\u3064\u8005\u5168\u3066\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u958b\u304b\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044[15]\u3002\u6c42\u4eba\u544a\u77e5\u306f\u516c\u7684\u306b\u544a\u77e5\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5fdc\u52df\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u4eba\u3005\u306b\u300c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306a\u6a5f\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u300d\u3057\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u304b\u3064\u3001\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5fdc\u52df\u306f\u53d7\u7406\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044[3]\u3002\u516c\u5e73\u306a\u5be9\u67fb\uff08Fair judging\uff09\u5fdc\u52df\u306f\u305d\u308c\u81ea\u8eab\u306e\u9577\u6240\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c[3]\u3001\u305d\u306e\u904e\u7a0b\u306f\u6700\u3082\u512a\u79c0\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044[15]\u3002\u5fdc\u52df\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u305d\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u8056\u6b4c\u968a\u968a\u9577\u3092\u9078\u3076\u969b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u306f\u9aea\u306e\u8272\u306a\u3069\u6063\u610f\u7684\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u3088\u308a\u3082\u3001\u97f3\u697d\u77e5\u8b58\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b[3]\u3002\u9069\u4efb\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9078\u51fa\uff08An application is chosen\uff09\u4ed6\u306e\u5fdc\u52df\u3088\u308a\u3082\u300c\u6700\u3082\u8981\u6c42\u4e8b\u9805\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3082\u306e\u300d\u3092\u9078\u3073\u3060\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8005\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30aa\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002\u3053\u306e\u9078\u8003\u904e\u7a0b\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u3042\u308b\u8005\u304c\u4ed6\u8005\u304c\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u624b\u306b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3060\u304c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u516c\u6b63\u306a\u624b\u7d9a\u304d\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306e\u3060\u3068\u5408\u610f\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5e73\u7b49\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3053\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u306f\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u300c\u539f\u59cb\u7684(no frills)\u300d\u300c\u72ed\u7fa9\u300d[5]\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3001\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u516c\u5171\u570f\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5bb6\u65cf\u30fb\u7d50\u5a5a\u30fb\u4fe1\u6761\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u79c1\u570f\u306b\u306f\u9069\u5fdc\u3055\u308c\u306a\u3044[5]\u3002\u4e00\u6b69\u9032\u3093\u3067\u3001\u4f55\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u300c\u30d5\u30a7\u30a2\u300d\u300c\u30a2\u30f3\u30d5\u30a7\u30a2\u300d\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3059\u3079\u304d\u304b[16]\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u30fb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30ba\u3067\u306f\u305d\u308c\u306b\u8e0f\u307f\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u8868\u73fe\u304c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002There should be an equal opportunity for all. Each and every person should have as great or as small an opportunity as the next one. There should not be the unfair, unequal, superior opportunity of one individual over another. \u2014\u2009Dr. Leonard Hirshberg,The New York Times,1917[17]\u3053\u306e\u554f\u3044\u304b\u3051\u306f\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u30df\u30eb\u30c8\u30f3\u30fb\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30de\u30f3\u3068\u30ed\u30fc\u30ba\u30fb\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u30de\u30f3\u3089\u306b\u3088\u308b1980\u5e74\u306e\u56f3\u66f8\u300e\u9078\u629e\u306e\u81ea\u7531(Free To Choose)\u300f\u3067\u3082\u306a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[18]\u3002\u6a5f\u4f1a\u306e\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5e73\u7b49[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7c73\u56fd\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u6cd5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306b\u306f\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a(en:Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9762\u63a5\u6642\u306b\u6027\u5225\u30fb\u5e74\u9f62\u30fb\u56fd\u7c4d\u30fb\u5bb6\u65cf\u30fb\u8eab\u4f53\u969c\u5bb3\u7b49\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8cea\u554f\u3092\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u5c65\u6b74\u66f8\u306b\u66f8\u304f\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u96c7\u7528\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49\u6cd5\u306f\u6b21\u306e8\u3064\u306e\u4e8b\u9805\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6210\u308a\u7acb\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u516c\u6c11\u6a29\u6cd5\u7b2c7\u6761\u3000\u96c7\u7528\u4e0a\u306e\u4eba\u7a2e\u30fb\u6027\u5225\u30fb\u5b97\u6559\u30fb\u808c\u306e\u8272\u30fb\u51fa\u8eab\u56fd\u7b49\u306e\u7406\u7531\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5dee\u5225\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u5747\u7b49\u8cc3\u91d1\u6cd5\u3000\u6027\u3092\u7406\u7531\u306b\u8cc3\u91d1\u306b\u5dee\u3092\u3064\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u5e74\u9f62\u5dee\u5225\u7981\u6b62\u6cd5\u300040\u6b73\u304b\u308970\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306e\u4eba\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5dee\u5225\u7684\u53d6\u6271\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u5927\u7d71\u9818\u547d\u4ee411246\u53f7\u3000\u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u662f\u6b63\u7b56\u306e\u7fa9\u52d9\u3065\u3051\u30ea\u30cf\u30d3\u30ea\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6cd5  \u30cf\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5dee\u5225\u306e\u7981\u6b62\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u6226\u4e89\u53c2\u52a0\u5175\u58eb\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\u3000\u30d9\u30c8\u30ca\u30e0\u6226\u4e89\u5fa9\u54e1\u5175\u306e\u5dee\u5225\u7981\u6b62\u598a\u5a66\u4fdd\u8b77\u6cd5\u3000\u598a\u5a66\u306e\u5dee\u5225\u7981\u6b62\u79fb\u6c11\u5c40\u6539\u6b63\u6cd5\u3000\u56fd\u7c4d\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5dee\u5225\u306e\u7981\u6b62^ Paul de Vries (2011-09-12), equal opportunity, Blackwell Reference, http:\/\/www.blackwellreference.com\/public\/tocnode?id=g9780631233176_chunk_g97814051001378_ss1-15 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^ a b c d Laura, Laubeov\u00e1 (2000), Encyclopedia of The World\u2019s Minorities, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, http:\/\/instituty.fsv.cuni.cz\/~laubeova\/anglicky\/research\/encyclopedia\/equal.htm 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7, “This complex and contested concept…”\u00a0^ a b c d e f g Richard Arneson (Aug 29, 2008), Equality of Opportunity, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/equal-opportunity\/ 2011\u5e749\u67088\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7, “(Fall 2008 Edition)”\u00a0^ a b Yo Jackson, ed. (2006), Encyclopedia of multicultural psychology, Sage Publications, ISBN\u00a01-4129-0948-1\u00a0^ a b c d e f g Nicole Richardt, Torrey Shanks (2008), Equal Opportunity, International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, http:\/\/www.encyclopedia.com\/topic\/Equal_Opportunity.aspx 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7, “via Encyclopedia.com”\u00a0^ a b  equal opportunity, Princeton University, (2008), http:\/\/www.thefreedictionary.com\/equal+opportunity 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^ John W. Gardner (1984), Excellence: Can we be equal and excellent too?, Norton, p.\u00a047, ISBN\u00a00-393-31287-9\u00a0^  equal opportunity, Collins English Dictionary, (2003), http:\/\/www.thefreedictionary.com\/equal+opportunity 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^  equal opportunity, jrank.org, (2011-09-12), http:\/\/www.jrank.org\/business\/pages\/508\/equal-opportunity.html 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^ Valentino Dardanoni, University of Palermo, Gary S. Fields, Cornell University, John E. Roemer, Yale University, Maria Laura S\u00e1nchez Puerta, The World Bank (2006), \u201cHow Demanding Should Equality of Opportunity Be, and How Much Have We Achieved?\u201d, Cornell University — Digital Commons ILR, http:\/\/digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu\/articles\/270\/ 2012\u5e747\u670824\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7, “(from the abstract:) …Agreement is widespread that equality of opportunity holds in a society if the chances that individuals have to succeed depend only on their own efforts and not on extraneous circumstances…”\u00a0^ Marjorie Conley (Sept. 9, 2003), Sciences Po \u2015 an elite institution\u2032s introspection on its power, position and worth in French society, portfolio, http:\/\/journalism.nyu.edu\/publishing\/archives\/portfolio\/conley\/sciencespo.html 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7, “… created new entrance criteria for students coming from less economically favored social strata. …”\u00a0^ \u5ca9\u7530\u898f\u4e45\u7537 \u300e\u300c\u4e0d\u5b89\u300d\u3092\u300c\u5e0c\u671b\u300d\u306b\u5909\u3048\u308b\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u300f PHP\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u30012010\u5e74\u3001253\u9801\u3002^ John E. Roemer (1998), Equality of Opportunity (book title), Harvard College, ISBN\u00a00-674-25991-2, “(see pages 1, 2,”\u00a0^ Cashmore, Ellis, Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations, London: Routledge, 1996^ a b Mark Bevir (editor) (2010), Encyclopedia of Political Theory, SAGE Publications, “(see pages 452\u2013453)…”\u00a0^ Research Machines (2009\u5e74). \u201cequal-opportunity policy\u201d. Farlex. http:\/\/encyclopedia.farlex.com\/equal-opportunity+policy 2011\u5e749\u670812\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^ Dr. LEONARD K. HIRSHBERG (1917\u5e7412\u670830\u65e5). \u201cWhat “Equal Opportunity to All” Really Means\u201d. The New York Times. http:\/\/query.nytimes.com\/gst\/abstract.html?res=F10710F6355E11738DDDA90B94DA415B878DF1D3 2011\u5e749\u67088\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^ Milton Friedman, Rose D. Friedman (1980), Free to choose: a personal statement, Harcourt\u00a0\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki23\/archives\/107026#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u6a5f\u4f1a\u5747\u7b49 – Wikipedia"}}]}]