[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/archives\/299101#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/archives\/299101","headline":"4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf – Wikipedia","name":"4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf – Wikipedia","description":"4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\uff08\u3088\u3093\u3052\u3093\u3046\u3093\u3069\u3046\u308a\u3087\u3046\u3001\u82f1: four\u2010momentum\uff09\u306f\u7279\u6b8a\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u306a3\u6b21\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e4\u6b21\u5143\u6642\u7a7a\u3067\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f3\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u30014\u6b21\u5143\u6642\u7a7a\u306e4\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u3082\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7c92\u5b50\u306e4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u5171\u5909\u6210\u5206\u306f\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u91cf p\u2192 = (px, py, pz) \u3068\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc E \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002 (p0p1p2p3)=(\u2212Ecpxpypz){displaystyle {begin{pmatrix}p_{0}\\p_{1}\\p_{2}\\p_{3}end{pmatrix}}={begin{pmatrix}-{frac {E}{c}}\\p_{x}\\p_{y}\\p_{z}end{pmatrix}}} . 4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f\u76f8\u5bfe\u8ad6\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u306f\u4fbf\u5229\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u5f62\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u306e\u304b\u8ffd\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 Table of Contents \u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30ce\u30eb\u30e0:","datePublished":"2022-04-27","dateModified":"2022-04-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/book.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/b33ae9a3e9286b188ac9dfffffef03588ec96630","url":"https:\/\/wikimedia.org\/api\/rest_v1\/media\/math\/render\/svg\/b33ae9a3e9286b188ac9dfffffef03588ec96630","height":"","width":""},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/archives\/299101","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":2514,"articleBody":"4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\uff08\u3088\u3093\u3052\u3093\u3046\u3093\u3069\u3046\u308a\u3087\u3046\u3001\u82f1: four\u2010momentum\uff09\u306f\u7279\u6b8a\u76f8\u5bfe\u6027\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u306a3\u6b21\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e4\u6b21\u5143\u6642\u7a7a\u3067\u306e\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002  \u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f3\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u30014\u6b21\u5143\u6642\u7a7a\u306e4\u6b21\u5143\u3067\u3082\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7c92\u5b50\u306e4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u5171\u5909\u6210\u5206\u306f\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u904b\u52d5\u91cf p\u2192 = (px, py, pz) \u3068\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc E \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002(p0p1p2p3)=(\u2212Ecpxpypz){displaystyle {begin{pmatrix}p_{0}\\p_{1}\\p_{2}\\p_{3}end{pmatrix}}={begin{pmatrix}-{frac {E}{c}}\\p_{x}\\p_{y}\\p_{z}end{pmatrix}}}.4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306f\u76f8\u5bfe\u8ad6\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u306f\u4fbf\u5229\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5909\u5f62\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u306e\u304b\u8ffd\u3063\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u7c21\u5358\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002  Table of Contents\u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30ce\u30eb\u30e0: p2[\u7de8\u96c6]4\u5143\u901f\u5ea6\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2[\u7de8\u96c6]4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u4fdd\u5b58[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30ce\u30eb\u30e0: p2[\u7de8\u96c6]4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u30ce\u30eb\u30e0\u306f\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u4e0d\u5909\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002c \u3092\u5149\u901f\u3001m \u3092\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u56fa\u6709\u8cea\u91cf\u307e\u305f\u306f\u9759\u6b62\u8cea\u91cf\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b:\u2212|p|2=\u2212\u03b7\u03bc\u03bdp\u03bcp\u03bd=E2c2\u2212|p\u2192|2=m2c2{displaystyle -|p|^{2}=-eta ^{mu nu }p_{mu }p_{nu }={E^{2} over c^{2}}-|{vec {p}}|^{2}=m^{2}c^{2}}.\u3053\u3053\u3067\u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u8a08\u91cf \u03b7 \u306e\u53cd\u5909\u6210\u5206\u3092  \u03b7\u03b1\u03b2=(\u22121\/c2000010000100001){displaystyle eta ^{alpha beta }={begin{pmatrix}-1\/c^{2}&0&0&0\\0&1&0&0\\0&0&1&0\\0&0&0&1end{pmatrix}}}\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e |p|2 \u306f\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u4e0d\u5909\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u5909\u63db\u306b\u3088\u308a\u305d\u306e\u91cf\u306f\u5909\u5316\u3092\u3057\u306a\u3044\u30024\u5143\u901f\u5ea6\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2[\u7de8\u96c6]\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u3042\u308b\u7c92\u5b50\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u30014\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf p\u03bc \u306f\u3001\u4e0d\u5909\u8cea\u91cf m \u30684\u5143\u901f\u5ea6 U\u03bc \u306e\u7a4d\u3067\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002p\u03bc=mU\u03bc{displaystyle p_{mu }=mU_{mu }}.\u3088\u3063\u30664\u5143\u901f\u5ea6\u306fU\u03bc=(U0U1U2U3)=(\u2212\u03b3c\u03b3vx\u03b3vy\u03b3vz){displaystyle U_{mu }={begin{pmatrix}U_{0}\\U_{1}\\U_{2}\\U_{3}end{pmatrix}}={begin{pmatrix}-gamma c\\gamma v_{x}\\gamma v_{y}\\gamma v_{z}end{pmatrix}}},\u3053\u3053\u3067 \u03b3=11\u2212(vc)2{displaystyle gamma ={frac {1}{sqrt {1-({frac {v}{c}})^{2}}}}} \u306f\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u56e0\u5b50\u3001c \u306f\u5149\u901f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30024\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u4fdd\u5b58[\u7de8\u96c6]4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u304c\u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u91cf\u304c\u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc E = \u2212p0 \u304c\u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf p\u2192 \u304c\u4fdd\u5b58\u3059\u308b\u3002\u88dc\u8db3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7cfb\u306e\u53cd\u5909\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u548c\u306f\u9759\u6b62\u8cea\u91cf\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u904b\u52d5\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3068\u30dd\u30c6\u30f3\u30b7\u30e3\u30eb\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u304c\u53cd\u5909\u8cea\u91cf\u306b\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a (\u22125 GeV, 4 GeV\/c, 0, 0) \u3068 (\u22125 GeV, \u22124 GeV\/c, 0, 0) \u306e4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u3092\u3082\u3064\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7c92\u5b50\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u9759\u6b62\u8cea\u91cf\u306f3 GeV\/c2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u8cea\u91cf\u306f10 GeV\/c2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7c92\u5b50\u304c\u885d\u7a81\u3092\u3057\u305f\u308a\u307e\u305f\u306f\u304f\u3063\u3064\u304d\u8907\u5408\u7269\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7cfb\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306f10 GeV\/c2\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53cd\u5909\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u4fdd\u5b58\u306e\u7d20\u7c92\u5b50\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u3067\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u7c92\u5b50\u306e4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf pA \u3068 pB \u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\u5d29\u58ca\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306e\u5b6b\u7c92\u5b50\u3067\u306e\u632f\u821e\u3044\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5143\u3068\u306a\u308b\u7c92\u5b50\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u30024\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u4fdd\u5b58\u306f q\u03bc = pA\u03bc + pB\u03bc \u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u5143\u3068\u306a\u308b\u91cd\u3044\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u8cea\u91cf M \u306f \u2212|q|2 = M2c2 \u3068\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5b6b\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3068\u4e09\u6b21\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5d29\u58ca\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306e\u7c92\u5b50\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306e\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u7acb\u3066\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u51fa\u6765\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6280\u8853\u306f\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001Z\u30dc\u30bd\u30f3\u304c\u96fb\u5b50\u3068\u967d\u96fb\u5b50\u3001\u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30aa\u30f3\u3068\u53cd\u30df\u30e5\u30fc\u30aa\u30f3\u306e\u53cd\u5909\u8cea\u91cf\u306e\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u3089\u308f\u308c\u308b\u304b\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u305f\u3002\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u8cea\u91cf\u304c\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u304d\u306f\u30014\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u306e\u30df\u30f3\u30b3\u30d5\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u6642\u7a7a\u306e\u5185\u7a4d\u306f4\u5143\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6 A\u03bc \u304c 0 \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u4e00\u81f4\u3059\u308b\u3002\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u306f\u904b\u52d5\u91cf\u3092\u8cea\u91cf\u3067\u308f\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u6642\u9593\u5fae\u5206\u306b\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3059\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002p\u03bcA\u03bc=p\u03bcddt\u03b7\u03bc\u03bdp\u03bdm=12mddt|p|2=12mddt(\u2212m2c2)=0.{displaystyle p_{mu }A^{mu }=p_{mu }{frac {d}{dt}}{frac {eta ^{mu nu }p_{nu }}{m}}={frac {1}{2m}}{frac {d}{dt}}|p|^{2}={frac {1}{2m}}{frac {d}{dt}}(-m^{2}c^{2})=0.}\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki27\/archives\/299101#breadcrumbitem","name":"4\u5143\u904b\u52d5\u91cf – Wikipedia"}}]}]