[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/archives\/314795#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/archives\/314795","headline":"\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 – Wikipedia","name":"\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 – Wikipedia","description":"\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 (Physically-based shading\u3001PBS) \u3068\u306f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 (PBR) \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002PBS\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u30cd\u30b9 (\u91d1\u5c5e\u3055) \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3067\u6709\u540d\u306a\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u304c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u62e1\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u300cDisney BSDF\u300d\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306f\u3001PBR\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[1]\u3002 \u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u3001\u5199\u5b9f\u7684\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u975e\u5199\u5b9f\u7684\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 (NPR) \u306b\u3082\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[2]\u3002 2003\u5e74\u3001\u4e09\u83f1\u96fb\u6a5f\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u62e0\u70b9\u306e\u4e00\u3064 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) \u306f\u3001\u5e45\u5e83\u3044\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u5316\u3057\u305fMERL","datePublished":"2022-04-30","dateModified":"2022-04-30","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1c\/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg\/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/1\/1c\/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg\/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png","height":"14","width":"20"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/archives\/314795","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":11072,"articleBody":"\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 (Physically-based shading\u3001PBS) \u3068\u306f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 (PBR) \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002PBS\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u30cd\u30b9 (\u91d1\u5c5e\u3055) \u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30d5\u30ed\u30fc\u3067\u6709\u540d\u306a\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u304c\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u3060\u304c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u62e1\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u300cDisney BSDF\u300d\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306f\u3001PBR\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[1]\u3002  \u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u3001\u5199\u5b9f\u7684\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u975e\u5199\u5b9f\u7684\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0 (NPR) \u306b\u3082\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[2]\u30022003\u5e74\u3001\u4e09\u83f1\u96fb\u6a5f\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u62e0\u70b9\u306e\u4e00\u3064 Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) \u306f\u3001\u5e45\u5e83\u3044\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306e\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u5316\u3057\u305fMERL BRDF Database[1]\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f[3]\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u30fb\u30c7\u30a3\u30ba\u30cb\u30fc\u30fb\u30a2\u30cb\u30e1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30b9\u30bf\u30b8\u30aa\u306f\u3001BRDF Explorer[2]\u3092\u958b\u767a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068MERL BRDF Database\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u958b\u767a\u3092\u884c\u3044[3]\u30012012\u5e74\u3001SIGGRAPH 2012 Course\u306e\u300cPhysically-Based Shading at Disney\u300d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3001\u300cDisney \u201cprincipled\u201d BRDF\u300d(Disney \u539f\u5247BRDF) \u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f[4]\u3002  2015\u5e74\u3001Disney\u306fDisney BRDF\u306b\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04BSDF (\u53cd\u5c04+\u900f\u904e)\u3068\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u3092\u7d71\u5408\u3057\u305fDisney BSDF\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f[5]\u3002\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4fdd\u5b58\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b88\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002PBS\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u3066\u3082\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u304c\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[6]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u5149\u306e\u76f8\u53cd\u6027\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u900f\u904e\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308bBTDF\u306b\u76f8\u53cd\u6027\u304c\u7121\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b[7]\u3002Table of ContentsPBS\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e3D\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5f62\u5f0f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u65e7\u6765\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044[\u7de8\u96c6]\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u304a\u3088\u3073\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04[\u7de8\u96c6]\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71[\u7de8\u96c6]\u900f\u904e\u30fb\u534a\u900f\u660e[\u7de8\u96c6]Disney \u539f\u5247BRDF[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5143\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]RenderMan\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]Disney BSDF\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]Pixar\u30d1\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]Enterprise PBR\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]Autodesk Standard Surface\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5bfe\u5fdc\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30aa\u30d5\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b9\u30ad\u30f3 (\u808c)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b9\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5c64\u5316 (\u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5c64\u5316\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d8\u30a2\u30fb\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc (\u9aea\u30fb\u6bdb)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5404\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0 (\u4f53\u7a4d)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4 (\u7a7a)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]PBS\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e3D\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5f62\u5f0f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b3D\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5f62\u5f0f\u304c\u5897\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b:  glTF 2.0\u5f62\u5f0fFBX\u5f62\u5f0fStingray PBS\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u65b9\u5f0f – Stingray\u30b2\u30fc\u30e0\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bfAutodesk Standard Surface\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u65b9\u5f0f – Arnold 5\u4ee5\u964d\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308bStandard Surface\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc[8]\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[9]\u3002Maya 2020.3\u4ee5\u964d\u5bfe\u5fdc[10]\u3002Wavefront OBJ+MTL\u5f62\u5f0f\u306ePBR\u62e1\u5f35\u65e7\u6765\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044[\u7de8\u96c6]  \u7c97\u3044\u8868\u9762\u3067\u306e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04  \u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u3088\u308b\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u304a\u3088\u3073\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8 (\u5fae\u7d30\u8868\u9762) \u7406\u8ad6\u5c0e\u5165\u524d\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001\u7d4c\u9a13\u5247\u306b\u983c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u7279\u306bGPU\u306b\u3088\u308b\u56fa\u5b9a\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30e9\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u30c8\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u307f\u3067\u3042\u308a[11]\u3001\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306f\u7d4c\u9a13\u5247\u306eBlinn-Phong\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u307f\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f[12]\u3002\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u7406\u8ad6\u5c0e\u5165\u5f8c\u3001\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u300c\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u300d (\u30aa\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30fb\u30cd\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u7b49) \u3068\u300c\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u300d (Cook-Torrance\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (Beckmann\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9)\u3001Walter\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (GGX\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9)\u7b49) \u306e\u5408\u6210\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30fb\u30cd\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u306b\u672a\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u308a[13]\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30fb\u30cd\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u76f8\u5f53\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u304c\u7570\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u308a[14]\u306a\u3069\u3001\u554f\u984c\u304c\u591a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u30022012\u5e74\u3001\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u3001\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (Disney diffuse BRDF)\u3068\u3001GTR\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570 (GGX\u5206\u5e03\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u62e1\u5f35\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e) \u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5408\u6210\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e21\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u7d71\u5408\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u30cd\u30b9 (\u91d1\u5c5e\u3055) \u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5149\u306e\u900f\u904e\u3084\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71 (\u542b\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04) \u306e\u307b\u307c\u8d77\u304d\u306a\u3044\u300c\u5c0e\u4f53 (\u91d1\u5c5e) \u300d[note 1]\u3068\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5149\u6ca2 (\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5f37\u3044\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04) \u306e\u8d77\u304d\u306a\u3044\u300c\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53 (\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e)\u300d\u304c\u5225\u6271\u3044\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5f71\u97ff\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u8272\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5c0e\u4f53\u306e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u304c\u57fa\u672c\u8272 (\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc)\u3068\u3057\u3066\u540c\u4e00\u306b\u6271\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30022014\u5e74\u3001\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u73871.2\u301c2.2\u3092\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u5f93\u6765\u306eSchlick\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5f0f\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306b\u4ee3\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u306aGulbrandsen\u306e\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[15][16]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u30eb\u30fc\u30ab\u30b9\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30e0\u306e Naty Hoffman \u306fGulbrandsen\u306e\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u65b9\u7a0b\u5f0f\u304cRGB\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001Schlick\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u5f0f\u3088\u308a\u3082\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u306f\u7121\u3044\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[15][16]\u30022016\u5e74\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u6563\u4e71 (Multiscatter) \u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[17]\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u5358\u4e00\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u307f\u3057\u304b\u8003\u616e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u5c45\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3042\u308b[17]\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u306a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[18][19][20][21]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306f\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3060\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c0\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5b8c\u5168\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04 (\u30e9\u30f3\u30d0\u30fc\u30c8\u53cd\u5c04) \u3068\u306f\u306a\u3089\u305a\u3001Chandrasekhar BRDF\u3068\u306a\u308b[18][22]\u3002\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71[\u7de8\u96c6]  \u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u3067\u306f1993\u5e74\u3001BRDF\u3092\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u3078\u3068\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3057\u305fHanrahan-Krueger BRDF\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[23]\u30022001\u5e74\u3001\u533b\u7642\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5411\u3051\u306e\u624b\u6cd5\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u53cc\u6975\u5b50 (Dipole) \u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305fBSSRDF\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u78ba\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f[24][23]\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u6563\u4e71\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f[25]\u30022015\u5e74\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5411\u3051\u306b\u5358\u4e00\u6563\u4e71\u304a\u3088\u3073\u591a\u91cd\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u3092\u540c\u6642\u306b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3057\u305fChristensen-Burley\u62e1\u6563\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057[23][25][26]\u3001\u3053\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306f\u540c\u5e74\u306eDisney BSDF\u3067\u3082\u63a1\u7528\u3055\u308c\u305f[25]\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u5e73\u3089\u306a\u8868\u9762\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u66f2\u7387\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u8868\u9762\u3067\u30a2\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30c8\u304c\u591a\u304f[27]\u3001Disney BSDF\u3067\u306f\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u30a2\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u5c11\u306a\u3044Path-traced subsurface scattering (\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30af\u65b9\u5f0f) \u3082\u691c\u8a0e\u3055\u308c\u305f[25]\u30022014\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u539f\u5b50\u529b\u5b66\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30bc\u30ed\u5206\u6563\u306aDwivedi\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3092\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30af\u65b9\u5f0f\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u63d0\u6848\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a[28][note 2][29]\u30012016\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6539\u826f\u7248\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057[30]\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30af\u65b9\u5f0f\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3063\u305f\u30022017\u5e74\u3001Disney\u5b50\u4f1a\u793e\u306ePixar\u306fPath-traced subsurface scattering\u306e\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u516c\u958b\u3057\u305f[27]\u3002\u3053\u306ePixar\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u306f\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u30e9\u30f3\u30d9\u30eb\u30c8\u30fb\u30d9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3088\u308a\u3082\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u975e\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f[31][32]\u3002\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3067\u306f\u5f53\u521d\u3001\u64ec\u4f3c\u7684\u306aHalf-Lambert\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001Wrapped Diffuse\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306b\u30eb\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3067\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u3092\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u624b\u6cd5\u3001\u6df1\u5ea6\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u5438\u53ce\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c1\u30e3\u7a7a\u9593\u3067\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u307c\u304b\u3057\u306b\u3088\u308b\u62e1\u6563\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[33]\u30022009\u5e74\u3001\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c1\u30e3\u7a7a\u9593\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u7a7a\u9593\u3067\u307c\u304b\u3057\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u884c\u3046Screen Space Subsurface Scattering (SSSSS)\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[34]\u30022012\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u7a7a\u9593\u3067\u306e\u307c\u304b\u3057\u51e6\u7406\u30922\u3064\u306e\u7573\u307f\u8fbc\u307f\u307e\u3067\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u3066\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3057\u305fSeparable Subsurface Scattering (SSSS)\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[35]\u3002Disney BSDF\u767b\u5834\u5f8c\u306f\u3001\u30ac\u30a6\u30b7\u30a2\u30f3\u62e1\u6563\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306bChristensen-Burley\u62e1\u6563\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3082\u306a\u3063\u305f[36]\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u900f\u904e\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u713c\u304d\u4ed8\u3051\u305fThickness\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u3082\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f[37]\u3002\u900f\u904e\u30fb\u534a\u900f\u660e[\u7de8\u96c6]  BSDF (BRDF\u3068BTDF\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b)\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u5c0e\u5165\u524d\u306e\u900f\u904e\u306b\u306f\u30012\u6b21\u5143\u7684\u306a\u30a2\u30eb\u30d5\u30a1\u30d6\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u30ec\u30a4\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u5c0e\u5165\u5f8c\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u306e\u518d\u73fe\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30d9\u30eb\u30c8\u30fb\u30d9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570\u7684\u6e1b\u8870\u306e\u518d\u73fe\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u534a\u900f\u660e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u3001\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce (\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u30a2\u30d6\u30bd\u30fc\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3) \u306e\u518d\u73fe\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f (\u306a\u304a\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30d9\u30eb\u30c8\u30fb\u30d9\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306f\u95a2\u4e0e\u5a92\u4f53\u304c\u7121\u76f8\u95a2\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306e\u307f\u6b63\u78ba\u3068\u306a\u308b[32])\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3082\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f (#\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0 (\u4f53\u7a4d)\u3082\u53c2\u7167)\u3002\u8584\u3044\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u300c\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u3088\u308b\u62e1\u6563\u900f\u904e\u300d\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f[38]\u307b\u304b\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u306b\u3082\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3001\u7c97\u3044 (\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u306e\u9ad8\u3044) \u8868\u9762\u306b\u3088\u308a\u62e1\u6563\u3055\u308c\u305f\u62e1\u6563\u900f\u904e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u93e1\u9762\u900f\u904e\u306e\u518d\u73fe\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002Disney \u539f\u5247BRDF[\u7de8\u96c6]\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u30a2\u30eb\u30d9\u30c9)\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u30cd\u30b9 (\u91d1\u5c5e\u5ea6)\u3001\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 (\u7c97\u3055)\u3001\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb (\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u91cf) \u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b (\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9)\u3084\u7570\u65b9\u6027 (\u30a2\u30cb\u30bd\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30c3\u30af)\u3084\u30c4\u30e4 (Sheen)\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u3084\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5 (\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8)\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[4]\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5e7e\u3064\u304b\u304c\u7701\u7565\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5143\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c7\u30a3\u30ba\u30cb\u30fc\u306e\u5143\u8cc7\u6599\u306e\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[4]\u3002\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u30cd\u30b9 (\u91d1\u5c5e\u3055\u3001\u91d1\u5c5e\u5ea6\u3001\u30e1\u30bf\u30ea\u30c3\u30af)\u30e1\u30bf\u30eb\u30cd\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53 (\u975e\u91d1\u5c5e)\u304b\u5c0e\u4f53 (\u91d1\u5c5e)\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4e2d\u9593\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u3068\u5c0e\u4f53\u304c\u30d6\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9 (\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9)\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5149\u304c\u5165\u5c04\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u3068\u5c48\u6298\u5149\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u5149\u304c\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u3067\u6563\u4e71\u30fb\u5438\u53ce\u3055\u308c\u6563\u4e71\u5149 (\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u3092\u542b\u3080) \u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u308a[39]\u3001\u900f\u904e\u30fb\u5438\u53ce\u3055\u308c\u3066\u900f\u904e\u5149\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u5c0e\u4f53\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5149\u304c\u5165\u5c04\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u5149\u304c\u5c48\u6298\u3057\u3066\u5438\u53ce\u3055\u308c[39]\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u5149\u304c\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u30a2\u30eb\u30d9\u30c9)\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5c0e\u4f53\u306e\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[1]\u3002\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 (\u7c97\u3055\u3001\u7c97\u5ea6)\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u5fae\u7d30\u8868\u9762 (\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8) \u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3067\u306e\u8868\u9762\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b (\u306a\u304a\u3001\u30e1\u30bd\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u6cd5\u7dda\u30de\u30c3\u30d7\u3067\u518d\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b)\u3002\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u307b\u3069\u3001\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u5149\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u5149\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6563\u4e71\u5149\u304c\u8868\u9762\u3067\u62e1\u6563\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u304b\u5c0e\u4f53\u304b\u306b\u95a2\u308f\u3089\u305a\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306f\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u3092\u6301\u3064\u304c\u3001\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u307b\u3069\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u4e00\u90e8\u306ePBS\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 (\u7c97\u3055)\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u30b0\u30ed\u30b7\u30cd\u30b9 (\u5149\u6ca2\u5ea6\u3001\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u3055)\u3067\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b (GGX\/GTR\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 = 1.0 – \u30b0\u30ed\u30b7\u30cd\u30b9)\u3002\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb (\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u91cf\u3001\u5358\u306b\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b)\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u30920.08 (8%) \u3067\u5272\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[40]\u3002\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306f\u5c48\u6298\u7387 (IOR) \u304b\u3089\u7b97\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u308b: (((ior-1)\/(ior+1))**2)\/0.08 [1]\u3002\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u5024\u306f0.5 (= IOR 1.5) \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306fKHR_materials_specular\u62e1\u5f35\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u5024\u306f1.0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[41]\u3002\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c8 (\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u8272\u5473)\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c8\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u3092\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u3051\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b (\u306a\u304a\u3001\u5c0e\u4f53\u306e\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u3068\u540c\u7b49)\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u30d5\u30eb\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53ca\u307c\u3055\u306a\u3044[4]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u306eKHR_materials_specular\u62e1\u5f35\u3067\u306f\u8272\u5473\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u8272) \u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[41]\u3002\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9 (\u8868\u9762\u4e0b)\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u3067\u6563\u4e71\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6563\u4e71\u5149\u304c\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u5f62\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u304b\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u5f62\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[42]\u3002\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306f\u3001Hanrahan-Krueger BSDF\u306b\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30d1\u30a4\u30a2\u3055\u308c\u305f\u8584\u3044\u6563\u4e71\u5c64\u5411\u3051\u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[42][4]\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001Disney BSDF\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u8584\u3044\u6563\u4e71\u5c64\u5411\u3051\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u304b\u3089\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9 (\u5e73\u5766\u3055) \u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3078\u3068\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c[43]\u3001\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8fd1\u4f3c (Christensen-Burley\u65b9\u5f0f)\u3001\u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u66f2\u7387\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u3067\u3082\u554f\u984c\u306e\u7121\u3044[27]Path-traced subsurface scattering (\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30af\u65b9\u5f0f) \u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u305f[5]\u3002\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u306f\u3001LightWave[44]\u3001MODO[45]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u30a6\u30a9\u30fc\u30af\u65b9\u5f0f\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u306f\u3001Arnold[46]\u3084Blender 2.80\u4ee5\u964d[47]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30a2\u30cb\u30bd\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30c3\u30af (\u7570\u65b9\u6027)\u30a2\u30cb\u30bd\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[4]\u3002\u6b63\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u306f\u7e4a\u7dad\u3084\u6e9d\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5e73\u884c\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3088\u308a\u751f\u3058\u308b\u305f\u3081[48]\u3001\u30d6\u30e9\u30c3\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u5e03\u5730\u3001\u9aea\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b[48]\u3002Sheen (\u30c4\u30e4)\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u518d\u73fe\u3057\u304d\u308c\u306a\u3044\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[4][49]\u3002\u3053\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u4e0b\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c8\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u900f\u904e\u6027\u7e4a\u7dad\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5e03\u5730[49]\u306a\u3069\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001KHR_materials_sheen\u62e1\u5f35\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b[50]\u3002SheenTint (\u30c4\u30e4\u8272\u5473)\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c8\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u30d5\u30ec\u30cd\u30eb\u53cd\u5c04\u3092\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u3051\u308b\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8 (\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5)\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc\u5408\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306e\u5408\u6210\u5f37\u5ea6\u3092\u30010.25\u3067\u5272\u3063\u3066\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[51]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u3067\u306f\u5c48\u6298\u7387 1.5\u306e\u30dd\u30ea\u30a6\u30ec\u30bf\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[40]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a\u3001KHR_materials_clearcoat\u62e1\u5f35\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b[52]\u3002\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30b0\u30ed\u30b9 (\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5\u306e\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u3055\u3001\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5\u306e\u5149\u6ca2\u5ea6)\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30b0\u30ed\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u6ed1\u3089\u304b\u3055\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u306eKHR_materials_clearcoat\u62e1\u5f35\u306a\u3069\u4e00\u90e8\u306ePBS\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u306f\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30b0\u30ed\u30b9\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 (\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u5857\u88c5\u306e\u7c97\u3055) \u3067\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[52] (\u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 = 1.0 – \u30af\u30ea\u30a2\u30b3\u30fc\u30c8\u30b0\u30ed\u30b9)\u3002RenderMan\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c7\u30a3\u30ba\u30cb\u30fc\u5b50\u4f1a\u793e\u306e\u30d4\u30af\u30b5\u30fc\u304cRenderMan\u306ePxrDisney\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u3067\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u62e1\u5f35\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u306e\u8272)\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u306e\u8272\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002RenderMan[53]\u3001Blender[1]\u3001Houdini[54]\u3001Arnold[46]\u3001LightWave[44]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u653e\u5c04\u8272\u3001\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u3001\u30eb\u30df\u30ca\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u3001\u767a\u5149\u8272)\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30c8\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u767a\u5149\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u653e\u5c04\u8272\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002RenderMan[53]\u3001Arnold[55]\u3001Houdini[54]\u3001LightWave[44]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002Disney BSDF\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]Disney BSDF\u306f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306bDisney BRDF\u306b\u900f\u904e (\u62e1\u6563\u900f\u904e\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u900f\u904e) \u3068\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u8db3\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002Disney BSDF\u3067\u306f\u5c48\u6298\u7387\u3092\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304fIOR\u3067\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[56]\u3002\u30c7\u30a3\u30ba\u30cb\u30fc\u306eDisney BSDF\u306e\u8cc7\u6599\u306b\u3042\u308b\u62e1\u5f35\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u30d5\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30cd\u30b9 (\u5e73\u5766\u3055)\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u306e\u9805\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3002\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30bf\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9 (\u6563\u4e71\u8ddd\u96e2\u3001\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30e9\u30b8\u30a2\u30b9\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u306e\u534a\u5f84\u3001\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2)\u30b9\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30bf\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u8272\u306e\u5149\u7dda\u6bce\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5e73\u5747\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[57]\u3002Disney BSDF\u7531\u6765[57]\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001Blender[1]\u3001Houdini[54]\u3001Arnold[46]\u3001LightWave[44]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u3001\u900f\u904e\u8272)\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce (\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u30a2\u30d6\u30bd\u30fc\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3) \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5438\u53ce\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5149\u306e\u8272\u5408\u3044\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[54]\u3002Disney BSDF\u7531\u6765[58]\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001Houdini[54]\u3001Arnold[59]\u3001LightWave[44]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30a2\u30c3\u30c8\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9 (\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30c7\u30d7\u30b9\u3001\u900f\u904e\u8ddd\u96e2)\u30a2\u30c3\u30c8\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce (\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u30a2\u30d6\u30bd\u30fc\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3) \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u5438\u53ce\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5149\u304c\u900f\u904e\u8272\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[44]\u3002Disney BSDF\u7531\u6765[58]\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001Houdini[54]\u3001Arnold[59]\u3001LightWave[44]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002specTrans (\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u900f\u904e\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30d1\u30ec\u30f3\u30b7\u30fc[60]\u3001\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30bf\u30fc[61]\u3001\u900f\u904e\u7387)specTrans\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u900f\u904e (\u5c48\u6298) \u306e\u30df\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u5272\u5408\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[62]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306fKHR_materials_transmission\u62e1\u5f35\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[63] (\u30d9\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u62e1\u5f35ADOBE_materials_thin_transparency[61]\u306e\u5f8c\u7d99)\u3002diffTrans (\u62e1\u6563\u900f\u904e\u3001Translucency[60]\u3001\u534a\u900f\u660e\u5ea6)diffTrans\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u8584\u3044\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u3088\u308b\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u3068\u62e1\u6563\u900f\u904e\u306e\u5272\u5408\u30920\uff5e2\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[38]\u3002Enterprise PBR\u62e1\u5f35 (\u5f8c\u8ff0) \u3067\u306f\u5024\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u304c0\u301c1\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[60]\u3002Index of Refraction (ior\u3001\u5c48\u6298\u7387)\u8868\u9762\u306e\u5c48\u6298\u7387\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[56]\u3002Enterprise PBR\u62e1\u5f35 (\u5f8c\u8ff0) \u53ca\u3073glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u306eKHR_materials_transmission\u62e1\u5f35\u53ca\u3073KHR_materials_ior\u62e1\u5f35\u3067\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u5024\u304c\u30dd\u30ea\u30a6\u30ec\u30bf\u30f3\u306e\u5c48\u6298\u7387\u3068\u540c\u7b49\u306e1.5\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[60][63][64]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u30d9\u30f3\u30c0\u30fc\u62e1\u5f35ADOBE_materials_thin_transparency\u3067\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u5024\u304c\u6c34\u306e\u5c48\u6298\u7387\u3068\u540c\u7b49\u306e1.33\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f[61]\u3002Pixar\u30d1\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]Disney\u5b50\u4f1a\u793e\u306ePixar\u306f\u30d1\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f[27]\u3002\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30a2\u30cb\u30bd\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc (\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u3001\u30c7\u30a3\u30ec\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30ca\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3\u30fc[65]\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u6027)\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u306f\u7279\u306b\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30e9\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u8584\u3044\u90e8\u4f4d\u3067\u9055\u3044\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b[66]\u3002\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306a\u808c\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u306b\u306f\u7d040.8\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[66][67]\u3002Arnold[46]\u3001RenderMan[65]\u3001Blender 3.0\u4ee5\u964d\u306eCycles[67]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30d6\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9 (\u6ef2\u307f)\u975e\u6307\u6570\u95a2\u6570\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5149\u6ef2\u307f\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002RenderMan[65]\u306a\u3069\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002Enterprise PBR\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002Dassault Syst\u00e8mes\u306eEnterprise PBR\u306f\u3001glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u6b21\u4e16\u4ee3PBR\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306e\u5143\u306b\u306a\u308b\u4e88\u5b9a\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b [68]\u3002Enterprise PBR\u3067\u306f\u30b9\u30da\u30ad\u30e5\u30e9\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3068\u5c48\u6298\u7387 (IOR)\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[60]\u3002\u307e\u305fEnterprise PBR\u3067\u306f\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u3068\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u6271\u3063\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u3068\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u306f\u30b5\u30d6\u30b5\u30fc\u30d5\u30a3\u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u306b\u3088\u308a\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002Enterprise PBR\u3067\u62e1\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u304c\u3042\u308b[69][60]\u3002Sheen\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u30c4\u30e4\u8272)Sheen\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 (\u30c4\u30e4\u306e\u7c97\u3055)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u30ab\u30d0\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8 (\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u7bc4\u56f2)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u304c\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u8986\u3046\u306e\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u8272)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u8272[60]\u3002\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u30e9\u30d5\u30cd\u30b9 (\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u7c97\u3055)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u5411\u304d\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306e\u7c97\u3055\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba (\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u76f4\u5f84\u3092\u30df\u30ea\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb (mm)\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002\u30d5\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u30a8\u30d5\u30a7\u30af\u30c8 (\u30d5\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u52b9\u679c)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u30d5\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u306b\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u30920\u304b1\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002\u30d5\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u30d5\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u8272)\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u30d5\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30d5\u30ed\u30c3\u30d7\u52b9\u679c\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30af\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc[60]\u3002\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d0\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc (\u653e\u5c04\u91cf)\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d0\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u767a\u5149\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u653e\u5c04\u91cf\u3092lm\/m2 (\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u5f53\u305f\u308a\u306e\u653e\u5c04\u91cf)\u53c8\u306flm (\u5168\u9762\u7a4d\u3067\u306e\u653e\u5c04\u91cf)\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002\u30a8\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9 (\u653e\u5c04\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9)\u767a\u5149\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u653e\u51fa\u91cf\u304c\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u5f53\u305f\u308a\uff08lm\/m2\uff09\u304b\u5168\u9762\u7a4d\uff08lm\uff09\u304b\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30de\u30e9\u30a4\u30bc\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3 (\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u6b63\u898f\u5316)\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30ce\u30fc\u30de\u30e9\u30a4\u30bc\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u3001\u767a\u5149\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u653e\u5c04\u8272\u306e\u6b63\u898f\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3046\u304b\u3092\u4e8c\u5024\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002Thin Walled (\u8584\u8089)Thin Walled\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u304c\u8584\u8089\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u4e8c\u5024\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u304c\u8584\u8089\u3067\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u3068\u306a\u308b[60]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u306eKHR_materials_volume\u62e1\u5f35\u3067\u306fthicknessFactor (\u539a\u307f\u56e0\u6570) \u304c0\u306e\u6642\u306bThin Walled\u3068\u306a\u308b[70]\u3002\u30a2\u30c6\u30cb\u30e5\u30a8\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc (\u6e1b\u8870\u8272)\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u5438\u53ce\u30fb\u6563\u4e71\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5149\u306e\u8272\u5408\u3044\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[60]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306fKHR_materials_volume\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[70]\u3002\u30a2\u30c6\u30cb\u30e5\u30a8\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30bf\u30f3\u30b9 (\u6e1b\u8870\u8ddd\u96e2)\u8a98\u96fb\u4f53\u306e\u4f53\u7a4d\u5438\u53ce\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5438\u53ce\u30fb\u6563\u4e71\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5149\u304c\u6e1b\u8870\u8272\u306b\u9054\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2[60]\u3002glTF\u5f62\u5f0f\u3067\u306fKHR_materials_volume\u3067\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[70]\u3002\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30d7\u30ec\u30a4\u30b9\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8 (\u5909\u4f4d)\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30d1\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3 (\u5206\u6563\u3001\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u30df\u30c3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30c7\u30a3\u30b9\u30d1\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u3001\u900f\u904e\u5206\u6563)\u5149\u306e\u5c48\u6298\u3067\u751f\u3058\u308b\u5206\u6563\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u30a2\u30c3\u30d9\u6570\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[71]\u3002Arnold\u304c\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[59]\u3002Houdini[54]\u3084Octane\u3082\u5206\u6563\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u30a2\u30c3\u30d9\u6570\u306e\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u5206\u6563\u4fc2\u6570\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002Autodesk Standard Surface\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002    \u8584\u819c (d\u304c\u8584\u819c\u306e\u539a\u307f)Autodesk Standard Surface\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306fFBX\u5f62\u5f0f\u306b\u65b0\u305f\u306b\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[10]\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306fArnold 5\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308bStandard Surface\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc[8]\u304c\u57fa\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[72]\u3002\u30aa\u30d1\u30b7\u30c6\u30a3 (\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3001\u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u30aa\u30d1\u30b7\u30c6\u30a3[60])\u30aa\u30d1\u30b7\u30c6\u30a3\u306f\u8868\u9762\u306e\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[71]\u3002\u7d30\u304b\u306a\u7a74\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5e03\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u6642\u306a\u3069\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306b\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u4e0d\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u305f\u5b9f\u88c5\u7cfb\u3082\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b[73]\u3002Thin Film Thickness (\u8584\u819c\u306e\u539a\u307f)\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u8584\u819c\u306e\u539a\u307f\u3092\u30ca\u30ce\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[71]\u3002\u8584\u819c\u306f\u5206\u6563\u3057\u305f\u5c48\u6298\u5149\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u53cd\u5c04\u306b\u3088\u308a\u7389\u866b\u8272 (\u30a4\u30ea\u30c7\u30b9\u30f3\u30b9) \u3068\u306a\u308b (\u8584\u819c\u5e72\u6e09\/\u8584\u819c\u5149\u5b66)\u3002\u8584\u819c\u306e\u539a\u307f\u3078\u3068\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306b\u306f\u3001Arnold\u3084RenderMan\u304c\u3042\u308b[74][75]\u3002\u5bfe\u5fdc\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30aa\u30d5\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]RenderMan\u306ePxrDisney\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc[53] (\u306a\u304a\u3001Uber\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306f\u65e2\u306bPxrSurface\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306b\u79fb\u884c\u6e08\u307f)Blender 2.79\u4ee5\u964d\u306eCycles\u306ePrincipled Node[1] (\u900f\u904e\u306fDisney BSDF\u3068\u975e\u4e92\u63db\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u5b9f\u88c5)MODO 11.2\u4ee5\u964d\u306ePrincipled\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc[76][45]3ds Max 2018\u53ca\u3073Maya 2018\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u642d\u8f09\u306eArnold 5\u4ee5\u964d\u306eStandard Surface[8] (\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u306e\u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8)Houdini 16\u4ee5\u964d\u306eMantra\u306ePrincipled Shader VOP\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9[54]\/Principled Shader SHOP\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9[77][78] (\u300cDisney \u539f\u5247BRDF\u300d\u306e\u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8)LightWave 2018\u4ee5\u964d\u306ePrincipled BSDF[44]appleseed\u306eDisney BRDF[79]\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]Blender 2.8\u4ee5\u964d\u306eEevee\u306ePrincipled Node (\u4e00\u90e8\u672a\u5b9f\u88c5[80])Godot 3.0\u4ee5\u964d[81]\u30b9\u30ad\u30f3 (\u808c)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b9\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u3068\u306f\u3001\u808c\u306e\u76ae\u8102\u819c\u3001\u8868\u76ae (\u30e1\u30e9\u30cb\u30f3\u5c64[82])\u3001\u771f\u76ae (\u30d8\u30e2\u30b0\u30ed\u30d3\u30f3\u5c64[82])\u3001\u76ae\u4e0b\u7d44\u7e54\u306e\u5404\u5c64\u306e\u53cd\u5c04\u30fb\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u3067\u3053\u308c\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306f\u5225\u306e\u65b9\u5f0f\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5[\u7de8\u96c6]Arnold\u306eSkin\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc – Standard Surface\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3001\u5ec3\u6b62\u4e88\u5b9a\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[83]\u3002RenderMan\u306ePxrSkin\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc – \u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u8868\u9762\u4e0b\u6563\u4e71\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306ePxrLMSubsurface\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c[84]\u3001RenderMan 21\u3067PxrLM\u7cfb\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u304cPxrLayerSurface\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3002PxrSkin\u53ca\u3073PxrLM\u7cfb\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306fRenderMan 22\u3067\u5ec3\u6b62\u3055\u308c\u305f[85]\u3002V-Ray\u306eVRaySkinMtl[86] – V-Ray Next\u3067VRayFastSSS2\u53ca\u3073VRayALSurfaceMtl\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f[87]\u3002\u5c64\u5316 (\u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5c64\u5316 (\u30ec\u30a4\u30e4\u30fc) \u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306b\u8584\u819c\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u306a\u3069\u3092\u8db3\u3059\u6642\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5c64\u5316\u306b\u306f\u3001\u975e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u5c64\u540c\u58eb\u306e\u7dda\u5f62\u5408\u6210 (lerp) \u304c\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u3088\u308a\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5c64\u5316\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3082\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u8907\u96d1\u3067\u3042\u308b[88]\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3042\u307e\u308a\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u5c64\u5316\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e[\u7de8\u96c6]RenderMan 24\u4ee5\u964d\u306eMaterialX Lama\u306eLamaLayer\u306eRough Coating\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9[89]\u30d8\u30a2\u30fb\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc (\u9aea\u30fb\u6bdb)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d8\u30a2\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u3067\u306f\u30011989\u5e74\u306b\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305fKajiya-Kay\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u7570\u65b9\u6027\u53cd\u5c04\u304c\u5c0e\u5165\u3055\u308c\u30012003\u5e74\u306b\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305fMarschner\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u7e26\u65b9\u5411\u3068\u65b9\u4f4d\u89d2\u306e\u53cd\u5c04\u304c\u5206\u96e2\u3055\u308c[90]\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u30012011\u5e74\u306ed’Eon et al.\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3067Marschner\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u6539\u826f\u3055\u308c\u3066\u300c\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u4fdd\u5b58\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u300d\u3092\u6e80\u305f\u3059\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f[90]\u3002\u30d8\u30a2\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u3067\u306f\u3001Marschner\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u8fd1\u63a5\u5834\u306e\u554f\u984c\u304c\u3042\u308a[91]\u30011989\u5e74\u306b\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305fKajiya-Kay\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u304c\u9577\u3089\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u30022007\u5e74\u306b\u8fd1\u63a5\u5834\u6563\u4e71\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306eZinke\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[91]\u30022016\u5e74\u3001Walt Disney Animation Studios\u306f\u3001\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306ed’Eon\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306eZinke\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u6539\u826f\u3057\u305fChiang et al.\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u516c\u8868\u3057\u305f[91]\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u5411\u3051\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3082\u958b\u767a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u52d5\u7269\u306e\u6bdb\u306f\u4eba\u6bdb\u3068\u7570\u306a\u308a\u30e1\u30c7\u30e5\u30e9\uff08\u6bdb\u9ac4\u8cea)\u304c\u76ee\u7acb\u3064[92]\u305f\u3081\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u305fYan et al.\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u304c2015\u5e74\u306b\u767b\u5834\u3057[92]\u30012017\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30d5\u30a1\u30fc\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[93]\u3002\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3088\u308a\u524d\u306eMarschner\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u6b21\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04 (Primary Specular; R (\u53cd\u5c04))\u3001\u4e8c\u6b21\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04 (Secondary Specular; TRT (\u900f\u904e-\u53cd\u5c04-\u900f\u904e))\u3001\u900f\u904e\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04 (Transmit Specular; TT (\u900f\u904e-\u900f\u904e))\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306b\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u3084\u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306e\u89d2\u5ea6\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u3068\u306f\u5225\u306b\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u8272\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3002\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5f8c\u306f\u53cd\u5c04\u30d1\u30b9\u3092\u5206\u3051\u305a\u306b\u3001\u9aea\u8272\u304a\u3088\u3073\u89d2\u5ea6\u30b7\u30d5\u30c8\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u3092\u5358\u4e00\u3067\u884c\u3046\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u9aea\u8272\u306f\u57fa\u672c\u8272\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u30e1\u30e9\u30cb\u30f3\u8272\u7d20\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u6307\u5b9a\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002d\u2019Eon et al. (2014)\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30e1\u30e9\u30cb\u30f3\u8272\u7d20\u3068RGB\u5438\u53ce\u4fc2\u6570\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u306b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b (\u5b9a\u6570\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5438\u53ce\u65ad\u9762\u7a4d\u3092\u8868\u3059)[94]:RGB\u5438\u53ce\u4fc2\u6570 = \u30e6\u30fc\u30e1\u30e9\u30cb\u30f3\u6fc3\u5ea6 * [0.419, 0.697, 1.37] + \u30d5\u30a7\u30aa\u30e1\u30e9\u30cb\u30f3\u6fc3\u5ea6 * [0.187, 0.4, 1.05]\u5404\u30bd\u30d5\u30c8\u30a6\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5[\u7de8\u96c6]RenderMan\u306ePxrMarschnerHair – \u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306bZinke\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b (\u53e4\u3044Kajiya-Kay\u62e1\u6563\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3078\u306e\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u3082\u53ef\u80fd)[95]\u3002\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u9aea\u8272\u6307\u5b9a\u306b\u306fPxrHairColor\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u5fc5\u8981[96]\u3002Arnold 5\u4ee5\u964d\u306eStandard Hair\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc – \u93e1\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306bd’Eon\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3001\u62e1\u6563\u53cd\u5c04\u306bZinke\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[97]\u3002V-Ray Next\u306eVRayHairNextMtl – Chiang et al.\u53ca\u3073Yan et al.\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u305f[98]\u3002Blender 2.8\u4ee5\u964d\u306ePrincipled Hair BSDF – Chiang et al.\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u305f[99]\u3002\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0 (\u4f53\u7a4d)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30dc\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30e0\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u3067\u306f\u7c21\u6613\u7684\u306aHenyey-Greenstein\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u9577\u3089\u304f\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u30021993\u5e74\u3001Henyey-Greenstein\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u3092\u5358\u7d14\u5316\u3057\u305fSchlick\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[100]\u3002Henyey-Greenstein\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u3068Schlick\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u3067\u306f\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u5909\u63db\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3068\u306a\u308b[101]\u3002\u307e\u305f\u30011987\u5e74\u306eNishita, et al.\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u6975\u5c0f\u7c92\u5b50\u5411\u3051\u306e\u30ec\u30a4\u30ea\u30fc\u6563\u4e71\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304fRayleigh\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u3001\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u7c92\u5b50\u5411\u3051\u306e\u30df\u30fc\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u7406\u8ad6 (\u30df\u30fc\u6563\u4e71) \u306e\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3067\u3042\u308bMie-Hazy\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u53ca\u3073Mie-Murky\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u305f[102][103]\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u8a08\u7b97\u306e\u5bb9\u6613\u306a\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30c3\u30c6\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u5148\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4f8b\u3048\u3070mental ray\u3067\u306f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3059\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u5024\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f[104]\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3001\u96f2\u306e\u6563\u4e71\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u96e8\u6ef4\u7c92\u5f84\u5206\u5e03 (DSD) \u6bce\u306e\u30df\u30fc\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u4e8b\u524d\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f[105]\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u30df\u30fc\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u306f\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u554f\u984c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30df\u30fc\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30ec\u30f3\u30c4\u4f4d\u76f8\u95a2\u6570\u306e\u56de\u6298\u30d4\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u5207\u308a\u843d\u3068\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[106]\u3002\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4 (\u7a7a)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5f53\u521d\u3001\u8f1d\u5ea6\u306e\u307f\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30011993\u5e74\u306bPerez\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u30011994\u5e74\u306b\u305d\u308c\u3092\u5c11\u3057\u5909\u66f4\u3057\u305fCIE\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[107]\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u591a\u304f\u4f7f\u3044\u96e3\u3044\u4e0a\u3001\u8f1d\u5ea6\u306e\u307f\u306b\u3057\u304b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u8272\u304c\u7121\u304f\u3001\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u306f\u9069\u3055\u306a\u3044\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f[107]\u3002\u8272\u306e\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f\u30021993\u5e74\u306b\u5927\u6c17\u306e\u6563\u4e71\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3059\u308bNishita\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (1993\u5e74\u7248) \u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u6563\u4e71\u306e\u307f\u306e\u8003\u616e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f[107]\u3002\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u30011996\u5e74\u306b\u5927\u6c17\u306e\u591a\u91cd\u6563\u4e71\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308bNishita\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (1996\u5e74\u7248) \u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[107]\u30021999\u5e74\u3001\u8272\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u3057\u3066Preetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057[107]\u3001\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u5e83\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306ePreetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u3001Perez\u306e\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u3001Nishita\u306e\u30b7\u30df\u30e5\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7684\u306a\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u751f\u6210\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f53\u3066\u5d4c\u3081\u305f\u4e0a\u3067\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u5358\u7d14\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a[107]\u3001\u8272\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3082\u30b7\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u5e83\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u305f\u30022012\u5e74\u3001Preetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5149\u306e\u5168\u30b9\u30da\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u305fHosek-Wilkie\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f[107]\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u8fd1\u4f3c\u306e\u5f37\u3044\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u307b\u3069\u6b63\u78ba\u6027\u306f\u52a3\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[108]\u4e0a\u3001Preetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u6c34\u5e73\u7dda\u3088\u308a\u4e0a\u306e\u592a\u967d\u3057\u304b\u8003\u616e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u3089\u305a[108]\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306aNishita\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u898b\u76f4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3002\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u5411\u3051\u3067\u306f2008\u5e74\u3001\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u5411\u3051\u306ePrecomputed Atmospheric Scattering\u304c\u767b\u5834\u3057\u30012017\u5e74\u3001\u305d\u306e\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u304c\u516c\u958b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf[\u7de8\u96c6]\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306e\u52a0\u7b46\u304c\u671b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b9f\u88c5\u306b\u3088\u308a\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u3055\u3084\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u592a\u967d\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u592a\u967d\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e (Blender[109]\u306a\u3069) \u3084\u3001\u5730\u5e73\u5ea7\u6a19 (\u65b9\u4f4d\u89d2\/\u4ef0\u89d2) \u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e (Arnold[110]\u306a\u3069) \u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u5730\u7406\u5ea7\u6a19 (\u7def\u5ea6\/\u7d4c\u5ea6) \u3068\u65e5\u6642\u3068\u5317\u65b9\u5411\u88dc\u6b63\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc\u3082\u3042\u308b (Octane[111]\u3084MODO[112]\u306a\u3069)\u3002\u592a\u967d\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u592a\u967d\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002\u89d2\u76f4\u5f84\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e (Blender[109]\u306a\u3069) \u3084\u534a\u5f84\u3067\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e (Octane[111]\u306a\u3069) \u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9ad8\u5ea6 (Altitude)\u6a19\u9ad8 (\u5e73\u5747\u6d77\u9762\u304b\u3089\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6) \u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[109]\u3002\u7a7a\u6c17 (Air)\u30ec\u30a4\u30ea\u30fc\u6563\u4e71\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u7a7a\u6c17\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[109]\u3002\u30c0\u30b9\u30c8[109] (\u3061\u308a\u3001\u6fc1\u5ea6[111][110]\u3001Haze[112])\u30df\u30fc\u6563\u4e71\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u7a7a\u6c17\u4e2d\u306e\u7c89\u5875\u3084\u9727\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5927\u6c17\u30a8\u30a2\u30ed\u30be\u30eb\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[109][111]\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u6fc1\u5ea6 (Turbidity)\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304c\u3001\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u30c0\u30b9\u30c8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u53c8\u306fHaze\u4fc2\u6570\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[113]\u3002\u30aa\u30be\u30f3\u6e1b\u8870\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3059\u30aa\u30be\u30f3\u5c64\u306e\u30aa\u30be\u30f3\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[109]\u3002\u5730\u8868\u9762\u30a2\u30eb\u30d9\u30c9\u5730\u8868\u9762\u53cd\u5c04\u306b\u3088\u308a\u5927\u6c17\u3078\u3068\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u308b\u5730\u8868\u9762\u306e\u8272\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3059\u308b[110]\u3002\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7269\u7406\u7684\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306eOctane Render 4\u4ee5\u964d\u306ePlanetary Environment\u53ca\u3073Octane Daylight – Nishita\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[114][note 3][115]\u3002Blender 2.9\u4ee5\u964d\u306eSky Texture\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9 – Nishita\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb (1993\u5e74\u7248)\u3092\u5358\u7d14\u5316\u3057\u305f\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[109][116]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u65e7\u6765\u306eHosek-Wilkie\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u53ca\u3073Preetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3082\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[109]\u3002Corona Renderer 6\u4ee5\u964d – \u6c34\u5e73\u7dda\u3088\u308a\u4e0b\u306e\u592a\u967d\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u642d\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[117]\u3002V-Ray 5\u4ee5\u964d\u306eVRaySky – Corona Renderer 6\u4ee5\u964d\u306eImproved\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u642d\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[118]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u65e7\u6765\u306eHosek-Wilkie\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3001Preetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u53ca\u3073CIE\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3082\u5f15\u304d\u7d9a\u304d\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[119]\u3002NishitaAtmos.osl – \u7121\u6599\u306eNishita\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u5b9f\u88c5\u3002OSL\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c0\u30fc\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fc\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u306e\u307f\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306eArnold\u306ePhysical Sky – Hosek-Wilkie\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[110]\u3002RenderMan\u306ePxrEnvDayLight – Preetham\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[120]\u3002\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u30ec\u30f3\u30c0\u30e9\u30fcUnity\u306eHDRP\u306ePhysically Based Sky – Precomputed Atmospheric Scattering\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[121]\u3002\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]^ \u8584\u3044\u91d1\u5c5e\u30d5\u30a3\u30eb\u30e0\u3067\u306f\u5149\u306e\u5438\u53ce\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u524d\u306b\u900f\u904e\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046 (\u6d78\u900f\u6df1\u3055\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\/\u8868\u76ae\u6df1\u3055)^ \u5b9f\u969b\u306f\u305d\u306e\u524d\u304b\u3089Asymptotic Guiding\u3068\u3057\u3066\u63d0\u6848\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002^ \u306a\u304a\u3001Octane Render\u306f2020.1\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306eHosek-Wilkie\u30b9\u30ab\u30a4\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3082\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002^ a b c d e f Principled BSDF – Blender Manual Blender Foundation^ \u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30de\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb Epic Games^ a b Physically-Based Shading at Disney P.3-4 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2012\u5e748\u670831\u65e5^ a b c d e f g Physically-Based Shading at Disney P.12-13 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2012\u5e748\u670831\u65e5^ a b Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ The Comprehensive PBR Guide by Allegorithmic – vol. 1 P.7 Allegorithmic^ Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.5 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b c Arnold 5 – Rendering Evolved Solid Angle 2017\u5e744\u670812\u65e5^ Autodesk Standard Surface Autodesk^ a b Autodesk ships Maya 2020.3 and Maya LT 2020.3 CG Channel 2020\u5e7410\u67088\u65e5^ \u300eGame Graphic Programming\u300f P.348 Allen Sherrod 2008\u5e746\u670810\u65e5 ISBN 978-1584505167^ \u300eReal-Time Shader Programming\u300f P.162 Ron Fosner 2002\u5e7412\u670831\u65e5 ISBN 978-1558608535^ Designing Reflectance Models for New Consoles P.21 \u30c8\u30e9\u30a4\u30a8\u30fc\u30b9 2014\u5e74^ PBR Diffuse Lighting for GGX+Smith Microsurfaces P.6-8 UBM Tech 2017\u5e743\u6708^ a b glTF 2.0 Specification Khronos Group^ a b Fresnel Equations Considered Harmful Naty Hoffman 2019\u5e74^ a b Multiple-scattering microfacet BSDFs with the Smith model Eric Heitz, et al. 2016\u5e74^ a b Revisiting Physically Based Shading at Imageworks \u30bd\u30cb\u30fc\u30fb\u30d4\u30af\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30ba\u30fb\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30b9 2017\u5e74^ The Road Toward Unified Rendering with Unity’s High Definition Render Pipeline P.91- Unity Technologies 2018\u5e74^ Filament – 4.7.2 Energy loss in specular reflectance Google^ Stephen McAuley, A Journey Through Implementing Multiscattering BRDFs & Area Lights SIGGRAPH 2019\u5e74^ \u300eReal-Time Rendering, Fourth Edition\u300f P.352-353 Tomas Akenine-Moeller\u3001Eric Haines\u3001Naty Hoffman 2018\u5e749\u670810\u65e5 ISBN 978-1138627000^ a b c Physically Based Rendering: From Theory To Implementation – Light Transport II: Volume Rendering – Further Reading Matt Pharr\u3001Wenzel Jakob\u3001Greg Humphreys 2018\u5e74^ “\u6bdb”\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u306e\u65b0\u5883\u5730\u3092\u3082\u3068\u3081\u3066 \uff5e\u524d\u7de8\uff5e CG-ARTS 2011\u5e746\u670815\u65e5^ a b c d Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.7-10 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ Approximate Reflectance Profiles for Efficient Subsurface Scattering Pixar 2015\u5e74^ a b c d Path Traced Subsurface Scattering using Anisotropic Phase Functions and Non-Exponential Free Flights P.2 PIXAR 2017\u5e747\u6708^ A Zero-Variance-Based Sampling Scheme for Monte Carlo Subsurface Scattering Jaroslav K\u0159iv\u00e1nek\u3001Eugene d’Eon 2014\u5e74^ Advances in Monte Carlo Rendering: The Legacy of Jaroslav K\u0159iv\u00e1nek p.130 Alexander Keller, et al. 2020\u5e74^ Improving the Dwivedi Sampling Scheme Johannes Meng\u3001Johannes Hanika\u3001Carsten Dachsbacher 2016\u5e74^ Path Traced Subsurface Scattering using Anisotropic Phase Functions and Non-Exponential Free Flights P.8-9 PIXAR 2017\u5e747\u6708^ a b PIXAR Deep Dive on SSS\u00a0: SIGGRAPH Preview fxguide 2017\u5e747\u670828\u65e5^ GPU Gems – Chapter 16. Real-Time Approximations to Subsurface Scattering NVIDIA 2004\u5e74^ Real-time rendering of subsurface scattering according to translucency magnitude Hiroyuki Kubo, et al. 2015\u5e74^ Separable Subsurface Scattering Jorge Jimenez, et al. 2012\u5e74^ Efficient Screen-Space Subsurface Scattering Using Burley’s Normalized Diffusion in Real-Time Unity Technologies 2018\u5e74^ Efficient Screen-Space Subsurface Scattering Using Burley’s Normalized Diffusion in Real-Time P.39-40 Unity Technologies 2018\u5e74^ a b Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.12 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b SIGGRAPH 2010 Course Notes: Physically-Based Shading Models in Film and Game Production P.8 ^ a b Physically-Based Shading at Disney P.15-16 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2012\u5e748\u670831\u65e5^ a b KHR_materials_specular Khronos Group^ a b Physically-Based Shading at Disney P.14 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2012\u5e748\u670831\u65e5^ Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.12 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b c d e f g h Principled BSDF LightWave 3D Group 2018\u5e741\u67087\u65e5^ a b Principled Shader Foundry^ a b c d Subsurface Solid Angle^ Bf-blender-cvs – a6968e87f13 – master: Cycles: add random walk subsurface scattering to Principled BSDF. Blender Foundation 2018\u5e742\u67089\u65e5^ a b Anisotropic Materials Appearance Analysis using Ellipsoidal Mirror P.1 Jiri Filip\u3001Radomir Vavra 2015\u5e74^ a b Physically-Based Shading at Disney P.10 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2012\u5e748\u670831\u65e5^ KHR_materials_sheen Khronos Group^ Physically-Based Shading at Disney P.16 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2012\u5e748\u670831\u65e5^ a b KHR_materials_clearcoat Khronos Group^ a b c PxrDisney Pixar^ a b c d e f g h Principled Shader VOP node Side Effects Software^ Emission Solid Angle^ a b Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.13-14 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.7,P.15 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.6 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b c Transmission Solid Angle^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Enterprise PBR Shading Model Version 2022x Dassault Syst\u00e8mes^ a b c ADOBE_materials_thin_transparency Khronos Group^ Extending the Disney BRDF to a BSDF with Integrated Subsurface Scattering P.3 Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b KHR_materials_transmission Khronos Group^ KHR_materials_ior Khronos Group^ a b c Subsurface Scattering Parameters Pixar^ a b Louise Pixar 2018\u5e7411\u67082\u65e5^ a b 3.0 Blender Foundation 2021\u5e7412\u67083\u65e5^ glTF Update March 2019 P.5 Khronos Group^ A new PBR Material serving Mobile, Web, Real-time Engines and Raytracing Dassault Syst\u00e8mes 2019\u5e74^ a b c KHR_materials_volume Khronos Group^ a b c Autodesk Standard Surface version 1.0.1 Autodesk^ Autodesk Standard Surface Autodesk^ Practical Multilayered Materials in Call of Duty: Infinite Warfare Activision 2017\u5e74^ Thin Film Solid Angle^ PxrSurface Pixar^ Foundry ships Modo 11.2 CG Channel 2017\u5e7411\u67088\u65e5^ Principled Shader shader node Side Effects Software^ What was new in Shading, and rendering Side Effects Software^ appleseed – Documentation The appleseedhq Organization^ Nodes Support – Shaders Nodes^ Godot team ships Godot 3.0 CG Channel 2018\u5e741\u670831\u65e5^ a b A Spectral BSSRDF for Shading Human Skin P.3 Craig Donner, Henrik Wann Jensen 2006\u5e74^ Skin – Arnold for Maya User Guide 5 Solid Angle^ PxrSkin Pixar^ RenderMan 22.0 Pixar^ Skin Material – VRaySkinMtl Chaos Group^ Migrating from V-Ray 3.x to V-Ray Next Chaos Group^ Autodesk Standard Surface – 4.3 Layering model Autodesk^ LamaLayer Pixar^ a b 01 THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A HAIR SCATTERING MODEL P.37-38 Matt Pharr 2016\u5e7410\u670816\u65e5^ a b c A Practical and Controllable Hair and Fur Model for Production Path Tracing Walt Disney Animation Studios 2015\u5e74^ a b Physically-Accurate Fur Reflectance: Modeling, Measurement and Rendering Yan et al. 2015\u5e74^ An Efficient and Practical Near and Far Field Fur Reflectance Model Yan et al. 2017\u5e74^ An Energy-Conserving Hair Reflectance Model P.2, 5-6 Eugene d\u2019Eon et al. 2014\u5e74^ PxrMarschnerHair Pixar^ PxrHairColor Pixar^ Arnold 5 – Rendering Evolved Solid Angle 2017\u5e744\u670812\u65e5^ VRayHairNextMtl Chaos Group^ Bf-blender-cvs – 5078b9d2d08 – master: Cycles: add Principled Hair BSDF. Blender Foundation 2018\u5e747\u670818\u65e5^ A Rendering Algorithm for Discrete Volume Density Objects, Philippe Blasi, et al. 1993\u5e74^ Efficient Many-Light Rendering of Scenes with Participating Media P.20 Carsten Dachsbacher, et al. 2014\u5e74^ A shading model for atmospheric scattering considering luminous intensity distribution of light sources P.304 Tomoyuki Nishita, et al. 1987\u5e74^ Efficient Many-Light Rendering of Scenes with Participating Media P.21-22 Carsten Dachsbacher, et al. 2014\u5e74^ Participating Media Autodesk^ Interactive multiple anisotropic scattering in clouds P.2-3 Antoine Bouthors, et al. 2008\u5e74^ Deep Scattering: Rendering Atmospheric Clouds with Radiance-Predicting Neural Networks P.4 Disney Research 2017\u5e74^ a b c d e f g An Analytic Model for Full Spectral Sky-Dome Radiance Lukas Hosek, Alexander Wilkie 2012\u5e74^ a b Eric Bruneton. A Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of 8 Clear Sky Models. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. 2017.^ a b c d e f g h i Sky Texture Node Blender Foundation^ a b c d Physical Sky Solid Angle^ a b c d Octane Daylight Aoktar^ a b Directional Light Foundry^ Physical Sun and Sky Models in appleseed p.39 \u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u5927\u5b66 2020\u5e7411\u670818\u65e5^ OctaneRender 4 is out today! OTOY 2018\u5e7411\u670821\u65e5^ Otoy ships OctaneRender 2020.1 CG Channel 2020\u5e744\u670828\u65e5^ Physical Sun and Sky Models in appleseed p.30 \u30c1\u30e5\u30fc\u30ea\u30c3\u30d2\u5927\u5b66 2020\u5e7411\u670818\u65e5^ Sneak peek: Corona Renderer 6 for 3ds Max CG Channel 2020\u5e745\u67081\u65e5^ Chaos Group ships V-Ray 5 CG Channel 2020\u5e746\u670816\u65e5^ VRaySky Chaos Group^ PxrEnvDayLight Pixar^ Physically Based Sky Unity Technologies\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki28\/archives\/314795#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u7269\u7406\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b7\u30a7\u30fc\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0 – Wikipedia"}}]}]