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(\u30b3\u30a4\u30b5\u30f3\u8a9e\u7814\u7a76\u8005)\u300d\u3092\u3054\u89a7\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u4e2d\u5ddd \u88d5\uff08\u306a\u304b\u304c\u308f \u3072\u308d\u3057\u30011955\u5e747\u670812\u65e5[1] – \uff09\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3001\u5343\u8449\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388[2]\u3002  Table of Contents\u76ee\u6b21\u5171\u8457\u30fb\u6821\u8a02\u30fb\u76e3\u4fee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7ffb\u8a33[\u7de8\u96c6]\u8a18\u5ff5\u8ad6\u6587\u96c6[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u76ee\u6b21  1 \u7565\u6b742 \u4eba\u72693 \u8457\u66f83.1 \u5171\u8457\u30fb\u6821\u8a02\u30fb\u76e3\u4fee3.2 \u7ffb\u8a333.3 \u8a18\u5ff5\u8ad6\u6587\u96c64 \u811a\u6ce85 \u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee6 \u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u770c\u6a2a\u6d5c\u5e02\u795e\u5948\u5ddd\u533a\u51fa\u8eab[1]\u30021974\u5e74\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u79d1III\u985e\u5165\u5b66\u30011978\u5e74\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u90e8\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u79d1\u5352\u696d\u30021981\u5e74\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u4eba\u6587\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u5c02\u4fee\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9014\u9000\u5b66\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u90e8\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8b1b\u5ea7\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u5343\u8449\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u90e8\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3001\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u3092\u7d4c\u30661999\u5e74\u540c\u5b66\u90e8\u6559\u6388\u3001\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u79d1\u9577\u306a\u3069\u3092\u6b74\u4efb\u3059\u308b[1]\u30022021\u5e74\u3001\u540c\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u5728\u5b66\u4e2d\u304b\u3089\u5317\u6d77\u9053\u5185\u3067\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u3092\u63a1\u9332[3]\u3002\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u6587\u5b66\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u5f93\u4e8b\u30021995\u5e74\u3001\u300c\u300e\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u5343\u6b73\u65b9\u8a00\u8f9e\u5178\u300f\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\u305f\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\uff65\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u6587\u5316\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u300d\u3067\u91d1\u7530\u4e00\u4eac\u52a9\u535a\u58eb\u8a18\u5ff5\u8cde\u3092\u53d7\u8cde[4]\u30022020\u5e74\u3001\u6587\u5316\u5e81\u9577\u5b98\u8868\u5f70[5]\u3002\u9031\u520a\u30e4\u30f3\u30b0\u30b8\u30e3\u30f3\u30d7\u9023\u8f09\u306e\u6f2b\u753b\u300e\u30b4\u30fc\u30eb\u30c7\u30f3\u30ab\u30e0\u30a4\u300f\u3067\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u8a9e\u30fb\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u6587\u5316\u306e\u76e3\u4fee\u3092\u884c\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b[6]\u3002\u30a2\u30a4\u30cc\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306e\u7d30\u304b\u3044\u90e8\u5206\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u76f8\u8ac7\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b[7]\u3002 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