[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/2022\/04\/26\/%e3%82%b8%e3%82%a7%e3%83%95%e3%83%aa%e3%83%bc%e3%83%bb%e3%83%8f%e3%82%a6-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/2022\/04\/26\/%e3%82%b8%e3%82%a7%e3%83%95%e3%83%aa%e3%83%bc%e3%83%bb%e3%83%8f%e3%82%a6-wikipedia\/","headline":"\u30b8\u30a7\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6 – Wikipedia","name":"\u30b8\u30a7\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6 – Wikipedia","description":"\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u7537\u7235\u30ea\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30b8\u30a7\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\uff1aRichard Edward Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon, CH, PC, QC\u30011926\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5 – 2015\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u3002\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u306b\u6240\u5c5e\u3057\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30ac\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30fb\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u5185\u95a3\u3067\u95a3\u50da\u8077\u3092\u6b74\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u30021992\u5e74\u306b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u7537\u7235\u306b\u53d9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002 Table of Contents \u524d\u534a\u751f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u653f\u754c\u3078[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u5185\u95a3[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6669\u5e74[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7235\u4f4d[\u7de8\u96c6]\u52f2\u7ae0[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6ce8\u91c8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u51fa\u5178[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6] \u524d\u534a\u751f[\u7de8\u96c6] 1926\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\u306b\u30a6\u30a7\u30fc\u30eb\u30ba\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30e2\u30fc\u30ac\u30f3\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30fb\u30bf\u30eb\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306b\u4e8b\u52d9\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30d9\u30f3\u30b8\u30e3\u30df\u30f3\u30fb\u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6\u306e\u606f\u5b50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a95\u751f\u3059\u308b[1]\u3002 \u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c1\u30a7\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30fb\u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u30b1\u30f3\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30b8\u5927\u5b66\u30c8\u30ea\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u30fb\u30db\u30fc\u30eb\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u3078\u9032\u5b66\u30021952\u5e74\u306b\u30df\u30c9\u30eb\u30fb\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u6cd5\u5ef7\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u8cc7\u683c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f[1][2]\u30021957\u5e74\u304b\u30891960\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306f\u30dc\u30a6\u30fb\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u4f1a\u9577\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u96d1\u8a8c\u300e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30dc\u30a6(Crossbow","datePublished":"2022-04-26","dateModified":"2022-04-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0d\/Lord_Howe.JPG\/220px-Lord_Howe.JPG","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/0\/0d\/Lord_Howe.JPG\/220px-Lord_Howe.JPG","height":"274","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/2022\/04\/26\/%e3%82%b8%e3%82%a7%e3%83%95%e3%83%aa%e3%83%bc%e3%83%bb%e3%83%8f%e3%82%a6-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":2207,"articleBody":"\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u7537\u7235\u30ea\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30b8\u30a7\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\uff1aRichard Edward Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon, CH, PC, QC\u30011926\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5 – 2015\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\uff09\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u306e\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u3002\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u306b\u6240\u5c5e\u3057\u3001\u30de\u30fc\u30ac\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30fb\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u5185\u95a3\u3067\u95a3\u50da\u8077\u3092\u6b74\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u30021992\u5e74\u306b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u7537\u7235\u306b\u53d9\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002Table of Contents\u524d\u534a\u751f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u653f\u754c\u3078[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u5185\u95a3[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6669\u5e74[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7235\u4f4d[\u7de8\u96c6]\u52f2\u7ae0[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6ce8\u91c8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u51fa\u5178[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u524d\u534a\u751f[\u7de8\u96c6]1926\u5e7412\u670820\u65e5\u306b\u30a6\u30a7\u30fc\u30eb\u30ba\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30e2\u30fc\u30ac\u30f3\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u30fb\u30bf\u30eb\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306b\u4e8b\u52d9\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30d9\u30f3\u30b8\u30e3\u30df\u30f3\u30fb\u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6\u306e\u606f\u5b50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a95\u751f\u3059\u308b[1]\u3002  \u30a6\u30a3\u30f3\u30c1\u30a7\u30b9\u30bf\u30fc\u30fb\u30ab\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u30b1\u30f3\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30b8\u5927\u5b66\u30c8\u30ea\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u30fb\u30db\u30fc\u30eb\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u3078\u9032\u5b66\u30021952\u5e74\u306b\u30df\u30c9\u30eb\u30fb\u30c6\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u6cd5\u5ef7\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u8cc7\u683c\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u305f[1][2]\u30021957\u5e74\u304b\u30891960\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306f\u30dc\u30a6\u30fb\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u4f1a\u9577\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u96d1\u8a8c\u300e\u30af\u30ed\u30b9\u30dc\u30a6(Crossbow )\u300f\u3092\u7d4c\u55b6\u3057\u305f[1][2]\u3002\u653f\u754c\u3078[\u7de8\u96c6]1955\u5e74\u30681959\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u9078\u6319\u3067\u306f\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u9078\u6319\u533a\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u5019\u88dc\u306b\u64c1\u7acb\u3055\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u843d\u9078\u3057\u305f[1]\u30021964\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u9078\u6319\u3067\u30d9\u30d3\u30f3\u30c8\u30f3\u9078\u6319\u533a\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u304b\u3089\u521d\u5f53\u9078\u3057\u3001\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u6240\u5c5e\u306e\u5eb6\u6c11\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f[1][2]\u3002\u3057\u304b\u30571966\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u9078\u6319\u3067\u306f\u52b4\u50cd\u515a\u5019\u88dc\u306b\u6557\u308c\u3066\u8b70\u5e2d\u3092\u5931\u3044\u3001\u6cd5\u5ef7\u5f01\u8b77\u58eb\u306e\u4ed5\u4e8b\u306b\u623b\u3063\u305f[1]\u30021970\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u9078\u6319\u3067\u30e9\u30a4\u30ae\u30c3\u30c8\u9078\u6319\u533a\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u304b\u3089\u9078\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u518d\u3073\u5eb6\u6c11\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u30a8\u30c9\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u30fb\u30d2\u30fc\u30b9\u5185\u95a3\u4e0b\u3067\u6cd5\u52d9\u6b21\u5b98\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306b\u5c31\u4efb\u3057\u305f[1]\u30021972\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u306f\u901a\u5546\u5de5\u696d\u7701\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u95a3\u5916\u5927\u81e3\u306b\u8ee2\u3058\u305f[1][2]\u30021974\u5e742\u6708\u306e\u7dcf\u9078\u6319\u304b\u3089\u6771\u30b5\u30ea\u30fc\u9078\u6319\u533a\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u304b\u3089\u9078\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u3066\u5eb6\u6c11\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u3092\u52d9\u3081\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\uff08\u4ee5\u964d1992\u5e74\u306b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u306b\u53d9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3053\u306e\u9078\u6319\u533a\u304b\u3089\u9078\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u7d9a\u3051\u308b\uff09[2]\u30021975\u5e74\u306e\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u515a\u9996\u9078\u6319\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u306e\u4e8c\u6b21\u6295\u7968\u306b\u51fa\u99ac\u3057\u3066\u30de\u30fc\u30ac\u30ec\u30c3\u30c8\u30fb\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u3089\u3068\u4e89\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u6557\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[1][3]\u3002  \u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u5185\u95a3[\u7de8\u96c6]1979\u5e74\u306b\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u5185\u95a3\u304c\u8a95\u751f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u8ca1\u52d9\u5927\u81e3\u306b\u5c31\u4efb\u3057\u305f\u3002\u30cf\u30a6\u306f\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u71b1\u5fc3\u306a\u4fe1\u5949\u8005\u3068\u3057\u3066\u77e5\u3089\u308c[4]\u3001\u5927\u8535\u7701\u526f\u5927\u81e3(\u91d1\u878d\u62c5\u5f53\u5927\u81e3)\u30ca\u30a4\u30b8\u30a7\u30eb\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\u306e\u8d77\u8349\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\u4e2d\u671f\u91d1\u878d\u8ca1\u653f\u6226\u7565(MTFS)\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u306e\u6291\u5236\u3092\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u3057\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u7ba1\u7406\u306b\u30de\u30cd\u30bf\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7269\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f[5]\u3002\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30ec\u306e\u6291\u5236\u306e\u4ed6\u3001\u6b73\u51fa\u524a\u6e1b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ca1\u653f\u8d64\u5b57\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3001\u9593\u63a5\u7a0e\u3078\u306e\u79fb\u884c\u3001\u70ba\u66ff\u7ba1\u7406\u5ec3\u6b62\u3001\u975e\u8ab2\u7a0e\u4f01\u696d\u5730\u57df\u306e\u5275\u8a2d\u3001\u6c11\u55b6\u5316\u306a\u3069\u3092\u63a8\u9032\u3057\u305f[1][6]\u30021983\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u5916\u52d9\u30fb\u82f1\u9023\u90a6\u5927\u81e3\u306b\u8ee2\u4efb\u3002\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u56fd\u52d9\u9577\u5b98\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u30fb\u30b7\u30e5\u30eb\u30c4\u3068\u7dca\u5bc6\u306a\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u7bc9\u304d\u3001\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u3068\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u5927\u7d71\u9818\u30ed\u30ca\u30eb\u30c9\u30fb\u30ec\u30fc\u30ac\u30f3\u306e\u7d50\u675f\u3092\u652f\u3048\u305f[1]\u3002\u6b27\u5dde\u5171\u540c\u4f53(EC)\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u6539\u5584\u306b\u3082\u52aa\u3081\u30011985\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u3092\u8aac\u304d\u4f0f\u305b\u3066\u5358\u4e00\u6b27\u5dde\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u306b\u7f72\u540d\u3055\u305b\u305f[7]\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b1989\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u6b27\u5dde\u70ba\u66ff\u76f8\u5834\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0(ERM)\u3078\u306e\u52a0\u5165\u3092\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u306b\u9032\u8a00\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u304c\u614e\u91cd\u59ff\u52e2\u3092\u5d29\u3055\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30de\u30c9\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u306eEC\u9996\u8133\u4f1a\u8ac7\u306e\u524d\u306b\u8ca1\u52d9\u5927\u81e3\u30ca\u30a4\u30b8\u30a7\u30eb\u30fb\u30ed\u30fc\u30bd\u30f3\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u8f9e\u8077\u3092\u3061\u3089\u3064\u304b\u305b\u308b\u5f37\u786c\u306a\u9032\u8a00\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3002\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u306f\u4e8c\u4eba\u3092\u6170\u7559\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e[7]\u3001\u30de\u30c9\u30ea\u30fc\u30c9\u3067\u306e\u9996\u8133\u4f1a\u8b70\u3067\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u3068\u8acd\u3044\u3092\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u539f\u56e0\u3067[8]\u3001\u540c\u5e747\u6708\u306e\u5185\u95a3\u6539\u9020\u3067\u30cf\u30a6\u306f\u5916\u76f8\u304b\u3089\u5916\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3002\u4ee3\u308f\u308a\u306b\u526f\u9996\u76f8\u30fb\u5eb6\u6c11\u9662\u9662\u5185\u7dcf\u52d9\u30fb\u67a2\u5bc6\u9662\u8b70\u9577\u306e\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5de6\u9077\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3060\u3063\u305f[9]\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3082\u30cf\u30a6\u306f\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u7d71\u5408\u554f\u984c\u3067\u306e\u843d\u3068\u3057\u3069\u3053\u308d\u3092\u63a2\u3063\u3066\u3044\u305f\u304c\u3001\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u306e\u3044\u304b\u306a\u308b\u6b27\u5dde\u7d71\u5408\u3082\u62d2\u5426\u3059\u308b\u59ff\u52e2\u306b\u3046\u3093\u3056\u308a\u3057\u30011990\u5e7411\u67081\u65e5\u306b\u8f9e\u4efb\u3092\u8868\u660e\u3057\u305f\u300211\u670813\u65e5\u306e\u8f9e\u4efb\u6f14\u8aac\u3067\u306f\u300c\u6700\u521d\u306e\u7403\u304c\u6295\u3052\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6642\u3001\u6253\u5e2d\u306b\u5272\u3063\u3066\u5165\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5206\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30d7\u30c6\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8a66\u5408\u524d\u306b\u3001\u30d0\u30c3\u30c8\u304c\u3053\u3068\u3054\u3068\u304f\u7834\u58ca\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3063\u305f\u300d\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u3066\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u3092\u6279\u5224\u3059\u308b\u6f14\u8aac\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f[10]\u3002  \u6669\u5e74[\u7de8\u96c6]  \u8f9e\u8077\u76f4\u5f8c\u306e1990\u5e7411\u6708\u672b\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u515a\u9996\u9078\u6319\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u3068\u306e\u5bfe\u6c7a\u59ff\u52e2\u3092\u5f37\u3081\u308b\u30de\u30a4\u30b1\u30eb\u30fb\u30d8\u30fc\u30bc\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30f3\u304b\u3089\u652f\u6301\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5f7c\u3068\u306e\u5171\u540c\u884c\u52d5\u306f\u62d2\u5426\u3057\u305f[11]\u30021992\u5e746\u670830\u65e5\u306b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u7235\u4f4d\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u7537\u7235(Baron Howe of Aberavon)\u306b\u53d9\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u8cb4\u65cf\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u306b\u5217\u3057\u305f[2]\u30021994\u5e74\u306b\u306f\u56de\u9867\u9332\u300e\u5fe0\u8aa0\u306e\u845b\u85e4(Conflict of Loyalty)\u300f\u3092\u8457\u3057\u305f[1]\u30022010\u5e74\u306e\u7dcf\u9078\u6319\u3092\u524d\u306b\u7d4c\u6e08\u554f\u984c\u30a2\u30c9\u30d0\u30a4\u30b6\u30fc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30b8\u30e7\u30fc\u30b8\u30fb\u30aa\u30ba\u30dc\u30fc\u30f3\u306b\u53ec\u96c6\u3055\u308c\u305f4\u4eba\u306e\u5143\u8ca1\u52d9\u5927\u81e3\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308a\u30012010\u5e74\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30e1\u30ed\u30f3\u653f\u6a29\u3067\u3082\u7d4c\u6e08\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u653f\u5e9c\u306b\u52a9\u8a00\u3092\u884c\u3063\u305f[1]\u30022015\u5e745\u6708\u306b\u8cb4\u65cf\u9662\u8b70\u54e1\u3092\u4f11\u8077\u3057[1]\u3001\u540c\u5e7410\u67089\u65e5\u306b\u6b7b\u53bb\u3057\u305f[1]\u3002\u7235\u4f4d[\u7de8\u96c6]1992\u5e746\u670830\u65e5\u306b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u7235\u4f4d\u3092\u65b0\u898f\u306b\u53d9\u305b\u3089\u308c\u305f[2]\u3002\u30b5\u30ea\u30fc\u5dde\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30bf\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30c3\u30b8\u306e\u30a2\u30d9\u30e9\u30f4\u30a9\u30f3\u306e\u30cf\u30a6\u7537\u7235 (Baron Howe of Aberavon, of Tandridge in the County of Surrey)(\u52c5\u8a31\u72b6\u306b\u3088\u308b\u4e00\u4ee3\u8cb4\u65cf\u7235\u4f4d)\u52f2\u7ae0[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6ce8\u91c8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u51fa\u5178[\u7de8\u96c6]^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o John Barnes (2015\u5e7410\u670811\u65e5). \u201cGeoffrey Howe: One of the architects of the Thatcher revolution who became one of the primary factors in her downfall\u201d. \u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30da\u30f3\u30c7\u30f3\u30c8. https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/news\/obituaries\/geoffrey-howe-one-of-the-architects-of-the-thatcher-revolution-who-became-one-of-the-primary-factors-a6689811.html 2018\u5e744\u670814\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002\u00a0^ a b c d e f g h Lundy, Darryl. \u201cRichard Edward Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon\u201d (\u82f1\u8a9e). thepeerage.com. 2018\u5e744\u670813\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002^ \u5c0f\u5ddd\u6643\u4e00 2005, p.\u00a047.^ \u30af\u30e9\u30fc\u30af 2004, p.\u00a0357.^ \u30af\u30e9\u30fc\u30af 2004, p.\u00a0359.^ \u30af\u30e9\u30fc\u30af 2004, p.\u00a0359-361.^ a b \u30af\u30e9\u30fc\u30af 2004, p.\u00a0386.^ \u5c0f\u5ddd\u6643\u4e00 2005, p.\u00a0250.^ \u6885\u5ddd\u6b63\u7f8e, \u529b\u4e45\u660c\u5e78 & \u962a\u91ce\u667a\u4e00 2010, p.\u00a0184.^ \u6885\u5ddd\u6b63\u7f8e, \u529b\u4e45\u660c\u5e78 & \u962a\u91ce\u667a\u4e00 2010, p.\u00a0184-185.^ \u5c0f\u5ddd\u6643\u4e00 2005, p.\u00a0253.\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6885\u5ddd\u6b63\u7f8e\u3001\u529b\u4e45\u660c\u5e78\u3001\u962a\u91ce\u667a\u4e00\u300e\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u73fe\u4ee3\u653f\u6cbb\u53f2\u300f\u30df\u30cd\u30eb\u30f4\u30a1\u66f8\u623f\u30012010\u5e74\u3002ISBN\u00a0978-4623056477\u3002\u5c0f\u5ddd\u6643\u4e00\u300e\u30b5\u30c3\u30c1\u30e3\u30fc\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300f\u6728\u9438\u793e\u30012005\u5e74\u3002ISBN\u00a0978-4833223690\u3002\u30af\u30e9\u30fc\u30af, \u30d4\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u300e\u30a4\u30ae\u30ea\u30b9\u73fe\u4ee3\u53f2 1900-2000\u300f\u5e02\u6a4b\u79c0\u592b, \u693f\u5efa\u4e5f, \u9577\u8c37\u5ddd\u6df3\u4e00\u8a33\u3001\u540d\u53e4\u5c4b\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u4f1a\u30012004\u5e74\u3002ISBN\u00a0978-4815804916\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u82f1\u8a9e\u7248\u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30af\u30a9\u30fc\u30c8\u306b\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u306b\u95a2\u9023\u3057\u305f\u5f15\u7528\u53e5\u96c6\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki29\/2022\/04\/26\/%e3%82%b8%e3%82%a7%e3%83%95%e3%83%aa%e3%83%bc%e3%83%bb%e3%83%8f%e3%82%a6-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u30b8\u30a7\u30d5\u30ea\u30fc\u30fb\u30cf\u30a6 – Wikipedia"}}]}]