[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki3\/archives\/1437#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki3\/archives\/1437","headline":"\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64 – Wikipedia","name":"\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64 – Wikipedia","description":"\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\uff08\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u305d\u3046\u3001Djadochta Formation[\u6ce8 2]\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u7d2f\u5c64\uff09\u306f\u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u306e\u30b4\u30d3\u7802\u6f20\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u30017500\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u304b\u30897100\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306e\u5f8c\u671f\u767d\u4e9c\u7d00\uff08\u4e0a\u90e8\u767d\u4e9c\u7cfb\uff09\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u3092\u591a\u304f\u542b\u3080\u5c64\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7802\u6d77 (sand sea)\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u793a\u3059\u98a8\u6210\u5c64 (eolian deposit)\u3092\u4e3b\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u540c\u6642\u7570\u76f8\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6e56\u6210\u5c64\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6cb3\u5ddd\u6210\u5c64\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u5730\uff08type locality\uff09\u306f\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16 Flaming Cliffs[\u6ce8 3]\u300d\u3067\u8457\u540d\u306a\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af (Bayn Dzak\uff09\u3067\u3001\u6050\u7adc\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4ed6\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u722c\u866b\u985e\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u3053\u306e\u5c64\u304b\u3089\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u306e\u767d\u4e9c\u7d00\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\uff08\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306f area B\uff09\u3002 \u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u304c\u521d\u3081\u3066\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u63a2\u691c\u968a[8] (Central Asiatic Expeditions)\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u30011922\u5e74\u304b\u30891925\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306e\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9928\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u6398\u8abf\u67fb\u306e\u969b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8abf\u67fb\u968a\u306f\u30ed\u30a4\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u30de\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9","datePublished":"2018-05-30","dateModified":"2018-05-30","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki3\/archives\/author\/lordneo#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki3\/archives\/author\/lordneo","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c5\/Cretaceous-aged_dinosaur_fossil_localities_of_Mongolia.PNG\/350px-Cretaceous-aged_dinosaur_fossil_localities_of_Mongolia.PNG","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c5\/Cretaceous-aged_dinosaur_fossil_localities_of_Mongolia.PNG\/350px-Cretaceous-aged_dinosaur_fossil_localities_of_Mongolia.PNG","height":"241","width":"350"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki3\/archives\/1437","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":31991,"articleBody":"\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\uff08\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u305d\u3046\u3001Djadochta Formation[\u6ce8 2]\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u7d2f\u5c64\uff09\u306f\u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u306e\u30b4\u30d3\u7802\u6f20\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u30017500\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u304b\u30897100\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306e\u5f8c\u671f\u767d\u4e9c\u7d00\uff08\u4e0a\u90e8\u767d\u4e9c\u7cfb\uff09\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u3092\u591a\u304f\u542b\u3080\u5c64\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u7802\u6d77 (sand sea)\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u793a\u3059\u98a8\u6210\u5c64 (eolian deposit)\u3092\u4e3b\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u540c\u6642\u7570\u76f8\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6e56\u6210\u5c64\u304a\u3088\u3073\u6cb3\u5ddd\u6210\u5c64\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u5730\uff08type locality\uff09\u306f\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16 Flaming Cliffs[\u6ce8 3]\u300d\u3067\u8457\u540d\u306a\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af (Bayn Dzak\uff09\u3067\u3001\u6050\u7adc\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u4ed6\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u722c\u866b\u985e\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u3053\u306e\u5c64\u304b\u3089\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002  \u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u306e\u767d\u4e9c\u7d00\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\uff08\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306f area B\uff09\u3002  \u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u304c\u521d\u3081\u3066\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\u4e2d\u592e\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u63a2\u691c\u968a[8] (Central Asiatic Expeditions)\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3068\u3057\u3066\u884c\u308f\u308c\u305f\u30011922\u5e74\u304b\u30891925\u5e74\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u306e\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9928\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u6398\u8abf\u67fb\u306e\u969b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u8abf\u67fb\u968a\u306f\u30ed\u30a4\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u30de\u30f3\u30fb\u30a2\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9 (Roy Chapman Andrews)\u3092\u968a\u9577\u3001\u30a6\u30a9\u30eb\u30bf\u30fc\u30fb\u30b0\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc (Walter Willis Granger)\u3092\u526f\u968a\u9577\uff08\u6050\u7adc\u767a\u6398\u306e\u5b9f\u969b\u4e0a\u306e\u6307\u63ee\u8005\uff09\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8abf\u67fb\u968a\u306f\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u5730\u57df\u3067\u5e83\u7bc4\u306a\u8abf\u67fb\u3092\u884c\u3044\u3001Shabarakh Usu\u306b\u65e5\u6ca1\u306e\u3053\u308d\u306b\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u8d64\u8272\u306b\u67d3\u307e\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16 Flaming Cliffs\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u611b\u79f0\u3092\u3064\u3051\u305f\u3002\u7279\u7b46\u3055\u308c\u308b\u767a\u898b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u30aa\u30f4\u30a3\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb Oviraptor\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9 Protoceratops\u3001\u30b5\u30a6\u30ed\u30eb\u30cb\u30c8\u30a4\u30c7\u30b9 Saurornithoides\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u30f4\u30a7\u30ed\u30ad\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb Velociraptor \u306a\u3069\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u5316\u77f3\u3084\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u7279\u306b\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306b\u30aa\u30f4\u30a3\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u5de3\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u767a\u898b\u306f\u521d\u3081\u3066\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u306e\u5375\u3068\u78ba\u304b\u3081\u3089\u308c\u305f\u767a\u898b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u767a\u898b\u306e\u3046\u3061\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306f\u3001Henry Fairfield Osborn\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8abf\u67fb\u4e2d\u306b\u8a18\u9332\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30021927\u5e74\u3001Berkey\u3068Morris\u304c\u3053\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u3092\u6b63\u5f0f\u306b\u8a18\u8f09\u3057\u3001\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u3092\u6a21\u5f0f\u5730\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u3092\u8a2d\u7acb\u3057\u305f[12][13]\u30021963\u5e74\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u4eba\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u8005\u30c0\u30b7\u30e5\u30bc\u30d9\u30fc\u30b0Demberelyin Dashzeveg \u306f\u65b0\u3057\u304f\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u591a\u304f\u7523\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u7523\u5730\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec (Tugriken Shireh) \u306e\u767a\u898b\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3057\u305f[14]\u30021960\u5e74\u4ee3\u304b\u30891970\u5e74\u4ee3\u306b\u304b\u3051\u3066\u3001\u30dd\u30fc\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9-\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u8abf\u67fb\u968a\u3068\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2-\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u8abf\u67fb\u968a\u306b\u3088\u308b\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u6398\u8abf\u67fb\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3001\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u304b\u3089\u65b0\u305f\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u304b\u3089\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u3068\u30f4\u30a7\u30ed\u30ad\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u305f[15]\u3002\u3082\u3063\u3068\u3082\u7279\u7b46\u3059\u3079\u304d\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u306e\u6a19\u672c\u306f \u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u3068\u30f4\u30a7\u30ed\u30ad\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u683c\u95d8\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u3067\u3042\u308a[16][17]\u3001\u307b\u304b\u306b\u3082\u591a\u304f\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u305f\u3001\u539f\u5730\u6027 (in situ)\u306e\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6642\u306b\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u9aa8\u683c\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u304c\u767a\u6398\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[18][19]\u3002  1980\u5e74\u4ee3\u3001\u30bd\u30d3\u30a8\u30c8\u3068\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5408\u540c\u8abf\u67fb\u56e3\u304c\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u306e\u30b4\u30d3\u7802\u6f20\u3067\u4e2d\u751f\u4ee3\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306b\u5bcc\u3080\u5834\u6240\u3092\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u767a\u898b\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3046\u3061\u30a6\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b5\u30a4\u30eb (Udyn Sayr)\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u671f\u767d\u4e9c\u7d00\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u30a2\u30f4\u30a3\u30df\u30e0\u30b9\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u3067\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u3084\u4ed6\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306f\u305d\u308c\u307b\u3069\u591a\u304f\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f[20]\u30021993\u5e74\u3001\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u79d1\u5b66\u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30df\u30fc\u3068\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u535a\u7269\u9928\u306e\u5354\u529b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u3068\u5317\u7c73\u306e\u5408\u540c\u8abf\u67fb\u968a\u306f\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8 (Ukhaa Tolgod)\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3057\u305f\u3002\u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u3001\u6050\u7adc\u3001\u30c8\u30ab\u30b2\u3001\u5375\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u306b\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u307b\u307c\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u5f62\u3067\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4ed6\u306e\u4e2d\u751f\u4ee3\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u7523\u5730\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u306f\u7570\u5e38\u306b\u9ad8\u3044[21][22]\u3002Table of Contents\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u8f09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5c64\u5e8f\u3068\u5e74\u4ee3[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5806\u7a4d\u74b0\u5883[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30bf\u30d5\u30a9\u30ce\u30df\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u690d\u7269\u76f8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4e21\u751f\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ef\u30cb\u5f62\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c8\u30ab\u30b2[\u7de8\u96c6]\u54fa\u4e73\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7ffc\u7adc\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ab\u30e1\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6050\u7adc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a2\u30eb\u30f4\u30a1\u30ec\u30b9\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u66f2\u7adc\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u9ce5\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u89d2\u7adc\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c9\u30ed\u30de\u30a8\u30aa\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30cf\u30c9\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30cf\u30eb\u30b7\u30e5\u30ab\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30aa\u30eb\u30cb\u30c8\u30df\u30e2\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30aa\u30f4\u30a3\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d1\u30ad\u30b1\u30d5\u30a1\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c8\u30ed\u30aa\u30c9\u30f3\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c6\u30a3\u30e9\u30ce\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ae\u30e3\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6ce8\u91c8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u51fa\u5178[\u7de8\u96c6]\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5730\u8cea\u8a18\u8f09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u73fe\u4ee3\u306e\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306f\u3001\u30b4\u30d3\u7802\u6f20\u306e\u30aa\u30a2\u30b7\u30b9\u3084\u30a2\u30ed\u30e8 (arroyo)\u3092\u9664\u3051\u3070\u6de1\u6c34\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u5206\u5e03\u3057\u306a\u3044\u7802\u4e18\u306e\u4e7e\u71e5\u3057\u305f\u751f\u606f\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u5ca9\u76f8\u306f\u3001\u975e\u6d77\u6210\u3067\u3001\u8d64\u307f\u304c\u304b\u3063\u305f\u6a59\u8272\u3001\u6de1\u3044\u6a59\u8272\u304b\u3089\u660e\u308b\u3044\u7070\u8272\u306e\u4e2d\u7c92\u304b\u3089\u7d30\u7c92\u306e\u7802\u3068\u7802\u5ca9\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u70ad\u9178\u5869\u30b3\u30f3\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u6a59\u8910\u8272\u306e\u30b7\u30eb\u30c8\u8cea\u7c98\u571f\u304c\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u5806\u7a4d\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5c11\u91cf\u306e\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u792b\u5ca9\u3001\u30b7\u30eb\u30c8\u5ca9\u3001\u6cb3\u5ddd\u6210\u7802\u5ca9\u3001\u6ce5\u5ca9\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30a6\u30e9\u30f3\u30ce\u30fc\u30eb\u76c6\u5730 (Ulan Nur Basin)\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5c64\u539a\u306f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u308280 m\uff08\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\uff09\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u5e7e\u5ea6\u304b\u306e\u98a8\u6210\u4f5c\u7528\uff08\u98a8\u98df\uff09\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5730\u5c64\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u5927\u304d\u306a\u76f4\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u7802\u4e18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3084\u3001\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u30d0\u30eb\u30cf\u30f3\u7802\u4e18\u3084\u653e\u7269\u7dda\u7802\u4e18\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u304c\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b[23][24][22]\u3002\u8d64\u307f\u304c\u304b\u3063\u305f\u7802\u5ca9\u306f\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3067\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b[24][22]\u3002    \u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16\u300d\u306e\u9732\u982d\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af Bayn Dzak[\u6ce8 4]\uff08\u5225\u540d\uff1aShabarakh Usu\uff09Bayn Dzak \u306f\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u8a9e\u3067\u300cDzak\uff08\u7802\u6f20\u306e\u4f4e\u6728\uff09\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u306a\u300d\u306e\u610f\u3002\u8d64\u307f\u304c\u304b\u3063\u305f\u6a59\u8272\u306e\u7802\u5ca9\u3068\u3001\u3088\u304f\u6dd8\u6c70\u3055\u308c\u305f\u975e\u5806\u7a4d\u6027\u306e\u4e2d\u7c92\u306e\u7802\u304c\u512a\u5360\u3059\u308b\u3002\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16\u300d\u3067\u306e\u5c64\u539a\u306f\u3001\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u308230 m\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u5145\u5861\u304c\u5341\u5206\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u306a\u30b7\u30eb\u30c8\u5ca9\u3001\u6ce5\u5ca9\u3001\u7070\u8272\u306e\u792b\u5ca9\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5ca9\u76f8\u304c\u7a00\u306b\u307f\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u306f\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16\u300d\u306e\u897f\u5074\u306e\u5d16\u3067\u3088\u304f\u9732\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[26][24]\u3002\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u5c64\u539a\u306f\u7d0490 m\u3067\u30012\u3064\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5206\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u6700\u4e0b\u90e8\u306f\u6c34\u5e73\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u5806\u7a4d\u3057\u305f\u7802\u5ca9\u6ce5\u5ca9\u4e92\u5c64\u3067\u3001\u4e0a\u90e8\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u3067\u306f\u7802\u5ca9\u512a\u52e2\u306e\u5c64\u5e8f\u3068\u306a\u308b[27]\u3002\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ecTugriken Shireh[\u6ce8 5]Tugriken Shireh \u306f\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u8a9e\u3067\u300c\u91d1\u304c\u3042\u308b\u53f0\u5730\u300d\u306e\u610f\u3002\u30d4\u30f3\u30af\u304b\u3089\u9ec4\u5473\u304c\u304b\u3063\u305f\u767d\u8272\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3059\u308b\u8272\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3001\u5145\u5861\u304c\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u306a\u7d30\u7c92\u306e\u7802\u5ca9\u304c\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u9271\u7269\u306f\u77f3\u82f1\u304c\u512a\u52e2\u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u5916\u306e\u9271\u7269\u306f\u9577\u77f3\u304a\u3088\u3073\u77f3\u8cea\u5ca9\u7247 (lithic fragments)\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u659c\u4ea4\u5c64\u7406\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u7802\u5ca9\u3068\u5730\u8cea\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u306a\u3044\u7802\u5ca9\u304c\u3068\u3082\u306b\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u5168\u4f53\u306b\u6563\u5728\u3059\u308b[28][24]\u3002\u30a6\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b5\u30a4\u30ebUdyn Sayr[\u6ce8 6]\u3053\u306e\u5834\u6240\u306e\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u306f\u300160 km2\uff08\u5e73\u65b9\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u9732\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e0b\u90e8\u5c64\uff08\u539a\u305510 m\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3068\u4e0a\u90e8\u5c64\uff08\u539a\u305550 m\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u4e0b\u90e8\u5c64\u306f\u6cb3\u5ddd\u6210\u5c64\u3067\u3001\u7802\u5ca9\u3084\u6ce5\u5ca9\u304c\u591a\u304f\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3002\u4e0a\u90e8\u5c64\u306f\u98a8\u6210\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3001\u8d64\u307f\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u305f\u5730\u8cea\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u306a\u3044\u7802\u5ca9\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b[30]\u3002\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8Ukhaa Tolgod[\u6ce8 7]Ukhaa Tolgod \u306f\u300c\u8336\u8272\u3044\u4e18\u300d\u306e\u610f\u3002\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u306b\u9732\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u5730\u5c64\u306f\u8d64\u307f\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u305f\u7802\u5ca9\u304c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3067\u3001\u7802\u5ca9\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u5c11\u91cf\u306e\u30ec\u30f3\u30ba\u72b6\u306e\u792b\u5ca9 (conglomeratic lenses)\u3084\u5927\u792b (cobbles)\u3001\u4e2d\u792b (pebbles)\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3082\u306e\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3002\u792b\u5ca9\u81ea\u4f53\u3082\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6ce5\u5ca9\u3084\u30b7\u30eb\u30c8\u5ca9\u306f\u3088\u308a\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u3001\u8584\u304f\u3066\u6a2a\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u659c\u4ea4\u5c64\u7406\u3067\u5fae\u7d30\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7802\u5ca9\u304c\u7279\u306b\u591a\u304f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b[31][22]\u3002\u30b6\u30df\u30f3\u30db\u30f3\u30c9Zamyn Khondt[\u6ce8 8]\u3053\u306e\u5730\u57df\u306f\u3001\u70ad\u9178\u5869\u30b3\u30f3\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3001\u8d64\u307f\u3092\u5e2f\u3073\u305f\u3001\u3088\u304f\u6dd8\u6c70\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3001\u7d30\u7c92\u306e\u7802\u5ca9\u3067\u7279\u5fb4\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u98a8\u6210\u306e\u5358\u5c64\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3001\u7d30\u304b\u304f\u5c64\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u304b\u3089\u7d0420 m\u306b\u307e\u3067\u539a\u304f\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3082\u3042\u308b[30]\u3002\u5c64\u5e8f\u3068\u5e74\u4ee3[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306f\u5f8c\u671f\u767d\u4e9c\u7d00\u30ab\u30f3\u30d1\u30cb\u30a2\u30f3\u968e\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u53e4\u5730\u78c1\u6c17\u5c64\u5e8f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d047,500\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u304b\u30897,100\u4e07\u5e74\u524d\u306e\u5730\u78c1\u6c17\u9006\u8ee2\u304c\u6025\u6fc0\u306b\u5909\u5316\u3057\u305f\u6642\u671f\u306b\u5806\u7a4d\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[24]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306f\u4e0b\u90e8\u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u90e8\u5c64 (Bayn Dzak Member)\u3068\u4e0a\u90e8\u306e\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u90e8\u5c64 (Turgrugyin Member)\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u5806\u7a4d\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[24]\u3002\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u90e8\u5c64\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u306b\u306f\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3082\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u5e74\u4ee3\u3082\u30ab\u30f3\u30d1\u30cb\u30a2\u30f3\u968e\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[22]\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u90e8\u5c64\u306f\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u90e8\u5c64\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u91cd\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u306f\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u3088\u308a\u3082\u65e9\u3044\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u751f\u606f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5e74\u4ee3\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306f\u307e\u3060\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044[24]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u5404\u5730\u57df\u306f\u3001\u6bb5\u968e\u7684\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u306e\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b9\u3068\u305d\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 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9])\u7523\u5730\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u305f\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u3053\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u306f\u4e0a\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u3088\u308a\u3082\u308f\u305a\u304b\u306b\u53e4\u3044\u5225\u306e\u7d2f\u5c64\u306b\u5c5e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u793a\u5506\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30a2\u30e9\u30b0\u30c6\u30b0\u5c64 (Alagteeg Formation)\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u3068\u5c64\u5e8f\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u306e\u4e0b\u90e8\u5c64\u306f\u30a2\u30e9\u30b0\u30c6\u30b0\u3068\u5bfe\u6bd4\u3055\u308c\u3001\u3068\u3082\u306b\u30a2\u30e9\u30b0\u30c6\u30b0\u5c64\u306e\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u306a\u3059\u3002\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u306e\u4e0a\u90e8\u5c64\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u306f\u3001\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u3068\u5ca9\u76f8\u3084\u5c64\u5e8f\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u81ea\u4f53\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b[27]\u3002\u30a2\u30e9\u30b0\u30c6\u30b0\u306e\u6cb3\u5ddd\u6210\u5c64\u306e\u9732\u982d\u3067\u306f\u30ab\u30ec\u30f3\u30c8\u30ea\u30c3\u30d7\u30eb\u8449\u7406\u3084\u30c8\u30e9\u30d5\u578b\u659c\u4ea4\u5c64\u7406\u304c\u8a8d\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u5806\u7a4d\u74b0\u5883[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u306f\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u81ea\u4f53\u3084\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u30d0\u30e4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u30c0\u30d5 \u5c64 (Bayan Mandahu)\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u3084\u7802\u5ca9\u3084\u30ab\u30ea\u30fc\u30c1 (caliche)[\u6ce8 10]\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5ca9\u76f8\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6e29\u6696\u306a\u534a\u4e7e\u71e5\u6c17\u5019\u306e\u7802\u4e18\u304b\u3089\u306a\u308b\u4e7e\u71e5\u3057\u305f\u53e4\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u3001\u98a8\u6210\u4f5c\u7528\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5806\u7a4d\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[34][24][27]\u3002\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u306e\u6cb3\u5ddd\u6210\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u306f\u3001\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6642\u4ee3\u306b\u77ed\u3044\u671f\u9593\u6c34\u57df\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u5806\u7a4d\u306b\u3082\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[22]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u98a8\u6210\u5c64\u4e2d\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u9762\u306e\u50be\u659c\u65b9\u5411\u306f\u5317\u6771\u65b9\u5411\u304b\u3089\u6771\u65b9\u5411\u304c\u5353\u8d8a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53e4\u98a8\u5411 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situ\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u57cb\u6ca1\u3057\u305f\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u80f4\u4f53\u3068\u982d\u90e8\u304c\u4e0a\u306b\u53cd\u308a\u8fd4\u3063\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u7684\u306a\u59ff\u52e2\u3067\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u7802\u306e\u584a\u304b\u3089\u8131\u51fa\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3057\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306b\u5316\u77f3\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u57cb\u6ca1\u304b\u3089\u9003\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u7802\u306e\u584a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8150\u8089\u98df\u306e\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u306b\u98df\u3079\u3089\u308c\u305a\u306b\u6e08\u3093\u3060\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u57cb\u6ca1\u6a19\u672c\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u3001\u9aa8\u306e\u95a2\u7bc0\u90e8\u5206\u306a\u3069\u306b\u565b\u307f\u8de1\u3084\u5927\u304d\u306a\u7a7f\u5b54\u305f\u30c8\u30f3\u30cd\u30eb\u72b6\u306e\u7a74\uff09\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u6b7b\u5f8c\u3001\u30ab\u30c4\u30aa\u30d6\u30b7\u30e0\u30b7\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7121\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u306b\u98df\u3044\u8352\u3089\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b[35][36][37]\u3002\u80a2\u306e\u95a2\u7bc0\u90e8\u306b\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u98df\u75d5\u304c\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u306e\u306f\u3001\u4e7e\u71e5\u3057\u305f\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5c11\u306a\u3044\u7a92\u7d20\u6e90\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e7e\u71e5\u3057\u305f\u6050\u7adc\u306e\u6b7b\u9ab8\u306e\u95a2\u7bc0\u8edf\u9aa8\u306e\u30b3\u30e9\u30fc\u30b2\u30f3\u3092\u8150\u8089\u98df\u52d5\u7269\u304c\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u308b[38]\u3002\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u4fdd\u5b58\u72b6\u614b\u3084\u5806\u7a4d\u7269\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u52d5\u7269\u306f\u7802\u4e18\u306e\u5d29\u58ca\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u751f\u304d\u57cb\u3081\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3002\u7802\u4e18\u304c\u6c34\u3067\u904e\u98fd\u548c\u72b6\u614b\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7a81\u7136\u5d29\u58ca\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[21][39][22]\u3002\u30a6\u30cf\u30c8\u30eb\u30b4\u30c8\u306e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f8b\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30ad\u30c1\u30d1\u30c1 Citipati\uff08\u5de3\u3084\u5375\u306e\u4e0a\u306b\u57cb\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5b50\u80b2\u3066\u4e2d\u306e\u6210\u4f53\uff09[40][41]\u3001\u30ab\u30fc\u30f3 Khaan\uff08\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u3044\u305f\u756a\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u6b7b\u3093\u3060\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\uff09[42]\u3001Saichangurvel\uff08\u6ce5\u4e18\u3067\u751f\u304d\u57cb\u3081\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\uff09\u304c\u3042\u308b[43]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8[\u7de8\u96c6]  \u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u306e\u95a2\u7bc0\u3057\u305f\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u3067\u6700\u3082\u666e\u901a\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u6050\u7adc\u306e\u4e00\u7a2e\u3002\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9 Protoceratops \u306f\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u5730\u57df\u3067\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u3088\u304f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u306f\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u304c\u6700\u3082\u96c6\u4e2d\u3059\u308b\u5730\u57df\u306e\u4e00\u3064\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3001”Protoceratops fauna”\uff08\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8\uff09\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7279\u7b46\u3055\u308c\u308b[44]\u3002\u30d0\u30a4\u30f3\u30b6\u30af\u306b\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u3082\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u304c\u591a\u91cf\u306b\u7523\u51fa\u3059\u308b[28]\u3002\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3088\u304f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u4ed6\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u985e\u306b\u306f\u30d4\u30ca\u30b3\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9 Pinacosaurus \u3084\u30f4\u30a7\u30ed\u30ad\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb Velociraptor \u304c\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308c\u308b[23]\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30c8\u30ab\u30b2\u3084\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5c0f\u578b\u810a\u690e\u52d5\u7269\u3082\u8c4a\u5bcc\u3067\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u306b\u5bcc\u307f\u3001\u30a2\u30c0\u30df\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9 Adamisaurus \u3084\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u30d0\u30a2\u30bf\u30eb Kryptobaatar \u304c\u305d\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7a2e\u3067\u3042\u308b[43][45][44]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u306f\u5185\u8499\u53e4\u306e\u30d0\u30e4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u30c0\u30d5\u5c64\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u985e\u4f3c\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u540c\u5c5e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u7a2e\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u751f\u7269\u3092\u542b\u3080\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u306e\u666e\u901a\u7a2e Kryptobaatar dashzevegi\u306f\u30d0\u30e4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u30c0\u30d5\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u540c\u3058\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u30d0\u30a2\u30bf\u30eb\u5c5e\u306e K. mandahuensis\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u76f8\u306b\u306f\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u5c5e\u306e Protoceratops andrewsi \u304a\u3088\u3073\u30f4\u30a7\u30ed\u30ad\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u5c5e\u306e Velociraptor mongoliensis \u3092\u542b\u3080\u304c\u3001\u30d0\u30e4\u30f3\u30de\u30f3\u30c0\u30d5\u5c64\u3067\u306f P. hellenikorhinus \u304a\u3088\u3073 V. osmolskae \u3068\u306a\u308b[34][46]\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u690d\u7269\u5316\u77f3\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u307e\u308c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u4e7e\u71e5\u5806\u7a4d\u3057\u305f\u30c4\u30b0\u30ea\u30ad\u30f3\u30b7\u30ec\u3067\u306f\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u690d\u7269\u98df\u6027\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u304c\u751f\u606f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u704c\u6728\u3084\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u6210\u9577\u306e\u9045\u3044\u690d\u7269\u304c\u9069\u5ea6\u306b\u751f\u80b2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b[28]\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u4f4e\u3044\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u591a\u69d8\u6027\u3068\u6c17\u5019\u6761\u4ef6\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u304c\u975e\u751f\u7269\u7684\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u306e\u591a\u3044\u53e4\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u5506\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u5730\u5c64\u306e\u5316\u77f3\u306e\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u306f\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30b1\u30e9\u30c8\u30d7\u30b9\u3001\u5c0f\u578b\u304b\u3089\u4e2d\u578b\u306e\u30a2\u30f3\u30ad\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u3001\u30aa\u30f4\u30a3\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u79d1\u3001\u30c9\u30ed\u30de\u30a8\u30aa\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u79d1\u304c\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u53e4\u751f\u7269\u76f8\u306e\u591a\u304f\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u5927\u578b\u306e\u52d5\u7269\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u6975\u3081\u3066\u7a00\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30cd\u30e1\u30b0\u30c8\u5c64[\u6ce8 11]\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u3088\u308a\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u306e\u591a\u3044\u53e4\u74b0\u5883\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308b\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u3068\u9055\u3044\u3001\u30cd\u30e1\u30b0\u30c8\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30a4\u30ce\u30b1\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9 Deinocheirus\u3001\u30cd\u30e1\u30b0\u30c8\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9 Nemegtosaurus\u3001\u30b5\u30a6\u30ed\u30ed\u30d5\u30b9 Saurolophus\u3001\u30bf\u30eb\u30dc\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9 Tarbosaurus\u3001\u30c6\u30ea\u30b8\u30ce\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9 Therizinosaurus \u306a\u3069\u306e\u5927\u578b\u6050\u7adc\u306e\u5206\u985e\u7fa4\u304c\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5206\u985e\u7fa4\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u8349\u98df\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6c34\u304c\u8c4a\u5bcc\u306a\u74b0\u5883\u3068\u76f8\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3001\u30cd\u30e1\u30b0\u30c8\u5c64\u3067\u306f\u5de8\u5927\u306a\u8349\u98df\u52d5\u7269\u304c\u767a\u9054\u3057\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3001\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u3068\u306f\u5bfe\u7167\u7684\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u306e\u591a\u3044\u53e4\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u6307\u6a19\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u6c34\u751f\u52d5\u7269\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u6c34\u751f\u30ab\u30e1\u306f\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u305a\u3001\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u304c Zangerlia \u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30ea\u30af\u30ac\u30e1\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f[44]\u3002\u8272\u5206\u3051\u306e\u51e1\u4f8b\u4e0d\u78ba\u304b\u306a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u66ab\u5b9a\u7684\u306a\u30bf\u30af\u30bd\u30f3\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u6587\u5b57\u3067\u8868\u793a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u690d\u7269\u76f8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4e21\u751f\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5c5e\u7a2e\u7523\u5730\u767a\u898b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u90e8\u5206\u4e0a\u4f4d\u5206\u985eGobiates\u672a\u540c\u5b9a\u30a6\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b5\u30a4\u30eb\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u9aa8\u683c\u3068\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u306a\u5c3e\u90e8\u68d2\u72b6\u9aa8[49]\u7121\u5c3e\u985e\uff08\u30ab\u30a8\u30eb\uff09\u30ef\u30cb\u5f62\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c8\u30ab\u30b2[\u7de8\u96c6]\u54fa\u4e73\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7ffc\u7adc\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ab\u30e1\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6050\u7adc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a2\u30eb\u30f4\u30a1\u30ec\u30b9\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u66f2\u7adc\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u9ce5\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u89d2\u7adc\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c9\u30ed\u30de\u30a8\u30aa\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30cf\u30c9\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30cf\u30eb\u30b7\u30e5\u30ab\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30eb\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30aa\u30eb\u30cb\u30c8\u30df\u30e2\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30aa\u30f4\u30a3\u30e9\u30d7\u30c8\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d1\u30ad\u30b1\u30d5\u30a1\u30ed\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c8\u30ed\u30aa\u30c9\u30f3\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c6\u30a3\u30e9\u30ce\u30b5\u30a6\u30eb\u30b9\u985e[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30ae\u30e3\u30e9\u30ea\u30fc[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u306e\u6a21\u5f0f\u5730\u3067\u3042\u308b\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u308b\u5d16\u300d\u306e\u30d1\u30ce\u30e9\u30de\u6ce8\u91c8[\u7de8\u96c6]^ \u30d0\u30eb\u30f3\u30b4\u30e8\u30c8\u5c64\u3001\u30d0\u30eb\u30f3\u30b4\u30e8\u30c3\u30c8\u7d2f\u5c64\u3068\u3082^ Djadochta \u306fDjadokhta\u3001Djadokata\u3001Dzhadokhtskaya\u3068\u3082\u8ee2\u5199\u3055\u308c\u308b^ \u300c\u708e\u306e\u5d16\u300d\u3084\u300c\u30d5\u30ec\u30a4\u30df\u30f3\u30b0\u30fb\u30af\u30ea\u30d5\u300d[8]\u3001\u300c\u71c3\u3048\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u5d16\u300d[9]\u3068\u3082^ Bain Dzak, Bayanzag, Bayn Zag, Bayan Zag\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b^ Tugrik, Toogreeg, Toogreek, Tugreek, Tugrug, Turgrugyin, Tugrugeen, T\u00f6gr\u00f6giin, Tugrikiin, Tugrikin\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b^ Udan Sayr, Udan Sair, Ulaan Sair, \u00dc\u00fcden Sair\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b\u3002\u30a6\u30c0\u30f3\u30b5\u30a4\u30eb\u3001\u30a6\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b5\u30a4\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u3082\u3002^ Oka Tolga\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b^ Dzamyn Khondt, Zamin Khond, or Dzamin Khond\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b^ Alag Teeg, Alag Teer\u3068\u3082\u66f8\u304b\u308c\u308b^ \u70ad\u9178\u5869\u5ca9\u306e\u4e00\u7a2e^ \u30cd\u30e1\u30b0\u30c8\u7d2f\u5c64\u3068\u3082^ \u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u306e\u3061\u306b\u30b8\u30e3\u30c9\u30d5\u30bf\u5c64\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u5426\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u30cd\u30e1\u30b0\u30c8\u5c64 (Nemegt Formation)\u304b\u3089\u7523\u51fa\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6307\u6458\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b[138]\u3002\u51fa\u5178[\u7de8\u96c6]^ \u897f\u79cb\u826f\u5b8f\u30fb\u4e09\u570b\u535a\u5b50\u30fb\u5c0f\u5ddd\u3084\u3088\u3044 (2011\u5e74). \u201c\u6c5f\u4e0a\u6ce2\u592b\u6559\u6388\u65e7\u8535\u8cc7\u6599\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u201d. \u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7dcf\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u535a\u7269\u9928.   \u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u7dcf\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u535a\u7269\u9928\u8003\u53e4\u5b66\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9. 2021\u5e747\u67086\u65e5\u95b2\u89a7\u3002^ a b \u8463\u679d\u660e (2008). \u201c\u30a2\u30b8\u30a2\u306e\u6050\u7adc\u201d. \u56fd\u969b\u6050\u7adc\u30b7\u30f3\u30dd\u30b8\u30a6\u30e02008 \u4e88\u7a3f\u96c6 (\u798f\u4e95\u770c\u7acb\u6050\u7adc\u535a\u7269\u9928):  5-18. https:\/\/www.dinosaur.pref.fukui.jp\/research\/sympo\/sympo2008w1.pdf.\u00a0^ \u30ea\u30f3\u30c1\u30a7\u30f3 \u30d0\u30eb\u30b9\u30dc\u30eb\u30c8 (2008). \u201c\u30e2\u30f3\u30b4\u30eb\u306e\u975e\u6d77\u6210\u4e0b\u90e8\u767d\u4e9c\u7cfb\u3068\u6050\u7adc\u767a\u6398\u306e\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u201d. \u56fd\u969b\u6050\u7adc\u30b7\u30f3\u30dd\u30b8\u30a6\u30e02008 \u4e88\u7a3f\u96c6 (\u798f\u4e95\u770c\u7acb\u6050\u7adc\u535a\u7269\u9928):  25-26. https:\/\/www.dinosaur.pref.fukui.jp\/research\/sympo\/sympo2008w1.pdf.\u00a0^ Berkey, C.P., Morris, F.K., 1927. Geology of Mongolia, Natural History of Central Asia. American Museum of Natural History, New York. p. 475.^ Andrews, R. C. (1932). The New Conquest of Central Asia: a Narrative of the Explorations of the Central Asiatic Expeditions in Mongolia and China, 1921-1930. 1 (1st ed.). New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp.\u00a01\u2212549. OCLC\u00a0766770. https:\/\/ia800207.us.archive.org\/30\/items\/newconquestofcen00andr\/newconquestofcen00andr.pdf\u00a0^ Dashzeveg, D. (1963). \u201c\u042f\u0439\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0440\u043e\u0432\u201d (\u30ed\u30b7\u30a2\u8a9e). Priroda 9:  100.\u00a0^ Kurochkin, E. N.; Barsbold, R. (2000). \u201cThe Russian-Mongolian expeditions and research in vertebrate palaeontology\u201d. The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge University Press. p.\u00a0235\u2212255. https:\/\/artscimedia.case.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2017\/05\/17211722\/13.-Kurochkin_Barsbold-Russian-Mongolian-expeditions.pdf\u00a0^ Kielan-Jaworowska, Z.; Barsbold, R. (1972). \u201cNarrative of the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions, 1967-1971\u201d. Palaeontologia Polonica 27:  1\u221212. http:\/\/www.palaeontologia.pan.pl\/Archive\/1972-27_5-13_1-2.pdf.\u00a0^ Barsbold, R. (2016). \u201cThe Fighting Dinosaurs: The position of their bodies before and after death\u201d. Paleontological Journal 50 (12):  1412\u22121417. doi:10.1134\/S0031030116120042.\u00a0^ a b Fastovsky, D. E.; Weishampel, D. B.; Watabe, M.; Barsbold, R.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Narmandakh, P. (2011). A nest of Protoceratops andrewsi (Dinosauria, Ornithischia). 85. p. 1035\u22121041. doi:10.1666\/11-008.1. JSTOR\u00a041409110. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/261971168.\u00a0^ a b Hone, D. W. E.; Farke, A. A.; Watabe, M.; Shigeru, S.; Tsogtbaatar, K. (2014). \u201cA New Mass Mortality of Juvenile Protoceratops and Size-Segregated Aggregation Behaviour in Juvenile Non-Avian Dinosaurs\u201d. PLOS ONE 9 (11):  e113306. doi:10.1371\/journal.pone.0113306. PMC\u00a04245121. PMID\u00a025426957. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4245121\/.\u00a0^ Kurochkin, E. N.; Barsbold, R. (2000). \u201cThe Russian-Mongolian expeditions and research in vertebrate palaeontology\u201d. The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Cambridge University Press. p.\u00a0235\u2212255. https:\/\/artscimedia.case.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/108\/2017\/05\/17211722\/13.-Kurochkin_Barsbold-Russian-Mongolian-expeditions.pdf\u00a0^ a b c d e f g h i j Dashzeveg, D.; Novacek, M. J.; Norell, M. A.; Clark, J. M.; Chiappe, L. M.; Davidson, A.; McKenna, M. C.; Dingus, L. et al. (1995). \u201cExtraordinary preservation in a new vertebrate assemblage from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia\u201d. Nature 374 (6521):  446\u2013449. Bibcode:\u00a01995Natur.374..446D. doi:10.1038\/374446a0. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/238822891.\u00a0^ a b c d e f g Dingus, L.; Loope, D. B.; Dashzeveg, D.; Swisher III, C. C.; Minjin, C.; Novacek, M. J.; Norell, M. A. (2008). \u201cThe Geology of Ukhaa Tolgod (Djadokhta Formation, Upper Cretaceous, Nemegt Basin, Mongolia)\u201d. American Museum Novitates (3616):  1\u221240. doi:10.1206\/442.1. hdl:2246\/5916. https:\/\/digitalcommons.unl.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1218&context=geosciencefacpub.\u00a0^ a b Jerzykiewicz, T. (1997). \u201cDjadokhta Formation\u201d. Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs. San Diego: Academic Press. pp.\u00a0188\u2212191. ISBN\u00a0978-0-12-226810-6. https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/encyclopediadino00curr_075\/page\/n218\u00a0^ a b c d e f g h Dashzeveg, D.; Dingus, L.; Loope, D. B.; Swisher III, C. C.; Dulam, T.; Sweeney, M. R. (2005). \u201cNew Stratigraphic Subdivision, Depositional Environment, and Age Estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, Southern Ulan Nur Basin, Mongolia\u201d. American Museum Novitates (3498):  1\u221231. doi:10.1206\/0003-0082(2005)498[0001:NSSDEA]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246\/5667. http:\/\/digitallibrary.amnh.org\/bitstream\/handle\/2246\/5667\/N3498.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.\u00a0^ Lefeld, J. (1971). \u201cGeology of the Djadokhta Formation at Bayn Dzak (Mongolia)\u201d. Palaeontologia Polonica 25:  101\u2212127. http:\/\/www.palaeontologia.pan.pl\/Archive\/1971_25_101_127_19_21.pdf.\u00a0^ a b c Hasegawa, H.; Tada, R.; Ichinnorov, N.; Minjin, C. (2009). \u201cLithostratigraphy and depositional environments of the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, Ulan Nuur basin, southern Mongolia, and its paleoclimatic implication\u201d. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 35 (1):  13\u221226. Bibcode:\u00a02009JAESc..35…13H. doi:10.1016\/j.jseaes.2008.11.010.\u00a0^ a b c Fastovsky, D. E. (1997). \u201cThe Paleoenvironments of Tugrikin-Shireh (Gobi Desert, Mongolia) and Aspects of the Taphonomy and Paleoecology of Protoceratops (Dinosauria: Ornithishichia)\u201d. PALAIOS 12 (1):  59\u221270. Bibcode:\u00a01997Palai..12…59F. doi:10.2307\/3515294. JSTOR\u00a03515294.\u00a0^ a b Watabe, M.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Suzuki, S.; Saneyoshi, M. (2010). \u201cGeology of dinosaur fossil-bearing localities (Jurassic and Cretaceous: Mesozoic) in the Gobi Desert: Results of the HMNS-MPC Joint Paleontological Expedition\u201d. Hayashibara Museum of Natural Sciences Research Bulletin 3:  41\u2013118. https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/3119116.\u00a0^ Loope, D. B.; Dingus, L.; Swisher III, C. C.; Minjin, C. (1998). \u201cLife and death in a Late Cretaceous dune field, Nemegt Basin, Mongolia\u201d. Geology 28 (1):  27\u221230. https:\/\/eas2.unl.edu\/~dloope\/pdf\/Life&Death.pdf.\u00a0^ Makovicky, P. J. (2008). \u201cTelling time from fossils: a phylogeny-based approach to chronological ordering of paleobiotas\u201d. Cladistics 24 (3):  350\u2212351. doi:10.1111\/j.1096-0031.2007.00184.x.\u00a0^ a b c d Czepi\u0144ski, \u0141. (2020). \u201cNew protoceratopsid specimens improve the age correlation of the Upper Cretaceous Gobi Desert strata\u201d. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65 (3):  481\u2212497. doi:10.4202\/app.00701.2019. http:\/\/www.app.pan.pl\/archive\/published\/app65\/app007012019.pdf.\u00a0^ a b c Jerzykiewicz, T.; Currie, P. J.; Eberth, D. A.; Johnston, P. A.; Koster, E. H.; Zheng, J.-J. (1993). \u201cDjadokhta Formation correlative strata in Chinese Inner Mongolia: an overview of the stratigraphy, sedimentary geology, and paleontology and comparisons with the type locality in the pre-Altai Gobi\u201d. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30 (10):  2180\u22122195. Bibcode:\u00a01993CaJES..30.2180J. doi:10.1139\/e93-190.\u00a0^ Kirkland, J. I.; Bader, K. (2010). \u201cInsect Trace Fossils Associated with Protoceratops Carcasses in the Djadokhta Formation (Upper Cretaceous), Mongolia\u201d. New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs: The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium. Indiana University Press. pp.\u00a0509-519. JSTOR\u00a0j.ctt16gzgng. https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/228136\u00a0^ Matsumoto, Y.; Saneyoshi, M. (2010). \u201cBored dinosaur skeletons\u201d. The Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 116 (1):  1\u22122. doi:10.5575\/geosoc.116.1.I_II. https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/geosoc\/116\/1\/116_116.1.I_II\/_pdf.\u00a0^ Takeuchi, M.; Saneyoshi, M.; Tsogtbaatar, K.; Mainbayar, B.; Ulziitseren, S. (2016). \u201cTrace fossils on dinosaur skeletons from the Upper Cretaceous of Gobi desert, Mongolia\u201d. Bulletin of Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Okayama University of Science (46):  1\u22126. https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1d1h9glLjUnyUSPhE1Kky9HRq7Tnmiud7\/view.\u00a0^ Saneyoshi, M.; Watabe, M.; Suzuki, S.; Tsogtbaatar, K. (2011). \u201cTrace fossils on dinosaur bones from Upper Cretaceous eolian deposits in Mongolia: Taphonomic interpretation of paleoecosystems in ancient desert environments\u201d. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 311 (1-2):  38\u221247. Bibcode:\u00a02011PPP…311…38S. doi:10.1016\/j.palaeo.2011.07.024. https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/27857932.\u00a0^ Loope, D. B.; Mason, J. A.; Dingus, L. (1999). \u201cLethal Sandslides from Eolian Dunes\u201d. The Journal of Geology 10 (6). doi:10.1086\/314377. PMID\u00a010517885. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/12782382.\u00a0^ Clark, J. M.; Norell, M. A.; Chiappe, L. M. (1999). \u201cAn oviraptorid skeleton from the Late Cretaceous of Ukhaa Tolgod, Mongolia, preserved in an avianlike brooding position over an oviraptorid nest\u201d. American Museum Novitates (3265):  1\u201336. hdl:2246\/3102. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/270581958.\u00a0^ a b c d Norell, M. A.; Balanoff, A. M.; Barta, D. E.; Erickson, G. M. (2018). \u201cA second specimen of Citipati osmolskae associated with a nest of eggs from Ukhaa Tolgod, Omnogov Aimag, Mongolia\u201d. American Museum Novitates (3899):  1\u221244. hdl:2246\/6858. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/324784729.\u00a0^ a b Scott Persons IV, W.; Funston, G. F.; Currie, P. J.; Norell, M. A. (2015). \u201cA possible instance of sexual dimorphism in the tails of two oviraptorosaur dinosaurs\u201d. Scientific Reports 5 (9472):  16247. Bibcode:\u00a02015NatSR…5E9472P. doi:10.1038\/srep09472. PMC\u00a04379468. PMID\u00a025824625. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4379468\/.\u00a0^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Keqin, G.; Norell, M. A. (2000). \u201cTaxonomic composition and systematics of late Cretaceous lizard assemblages from Ukhaa Tolgod and adjacent localities, Mongolian Gobi Desert\u201d. American Museum Novitates (249):  1\u2212118. doi:10.1206\/0003-0090(2000)2492.0.CO;2. hdl:2246\/1596. https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/283992599.\u00a0^ a b c Longrich, N. R. (2010). \u201cThe Function of Large Eyes in Protoceratops: A Nocturnal Ceratopsian?\u201d. In Ryan, M. J.; Chinnery-Allgeier, B. J.; Eberth, D. A.. New Perspectives on Horned Dinosaurs: The Royal Tyrrell Museum Ceratopsian Symposium. Indiana University Press. pp.\u00a0308\u2212327. ISBN\u00a0978-0-253-35358-0. https:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=OWpQW_WhPAsC&pg=PA308&lpg=PA308#v=onepage&q&f=false\u00a0^ a b Kielan-Jaworowska, Z.; Hurum, J. H.; Badamgarav, D. 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