[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/2020\/01\/31\/%e6%a3%ae%e5%b2%a1%e6%b8%85%e7%be%8e-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/2020\/01\/31\/%e6%a3%ae%e5%b2%a1%e6%b8%85%e7%be%8e-wikipedia\/","headline":"\u68ee\u5ca1\u6e05\u7f8e – Wikipedia","name":"\u68ee\u5ca1\u6e05\u7f8e – Wikipedia","description":"\u68ee\u5ca1 \u6e05\u7f8e\uff08\u3082\u308a\u304a\u304b \u304d\u3088\u307f\u3001\u7537\u6027\u30011923\u5e74\u3008\u5927\u6b6312\u5e74\u300910\u670828\u65e5 – 2022\u5e74\u3008\u4ee4\u548c4\u5e74\u30091\u67089\u65e5\uff09\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u6210\u57ce\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5927\u4e57\u6dd1\u5fb3\u5b66\u5712\u5b66\u8853\u9867\u554f\u3002\u5bb6\u65cf\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3092\u5c02\u9580\u3068\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b97\u6559\u3068\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8457\u66f8\u3092\u8457\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306f\u691c\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3084\u51fa\u5178\u304c\u5168\u304f\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3059\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u3054\u5354\u529b\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u691c\u7d22?:\u00a0“\u68ee\u5ca1\u6e05\u7f8e”\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u00a0\u00b7 \u66f8\u7c4d\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u00a0\u00b7 CiNii\u00a0\u00b7 J-STAGE\u00a0\u00b7 NDL\u00a0\u00b7 dlib.jp\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b8\u30e3\u30d1\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u00a0\u00b7 TWL\uff082015\u5e7411\u6708\uff09 \u4e09\u91cd\u770c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u30021948\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c23\u5e74\uff09\u6771\u4eac\u6587\u7406\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u79d1\u5352\u696d\u30021950\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c25\u5e74\uff09\u540c\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4fee\u4e86\uff64 \u540c\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u5c02\u4efb\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6559\u6388\u30011978\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c53\u5e74\uff09\u5b9a\u5e74\u9000\u5b98\u3001\u6210\u57ce\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u30011994\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62106\u5e74\uff09\u6dd1\u5fb3\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u30012002\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621014\u5e74\uff09\u9000\u8077\u3002 1961\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c36\u5e74\uff09\u300c\u771f\u5b97\u6559\u56e3\u3068\u300c\u5bb6\u300d\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\u3067\u6771\u4eac\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u3002 1990\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62102\u5e74\uff09\u7d2b\u7dac\u8912\u7ae0\u53d7\u7ae0[1]\u30021995\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62107\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u52f2\u4e09\u7b49\u745e\u5b9d\u7ae0\u53d7\u7ae0[2]\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u90fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3001 \u653e\u9001\u5927\u5b66\u7279\u4efb\u6559\u6388\u306e\u68ee\u5ca1\u6df8\u5fd7\u306f\u5b50\u606f\u3002[\u8981\u51fa\u5178] 2022\u5e74\uff08\u4ee4\u548c4\u5e74\uff091\u67089\u65e5\u3001\u80ba\u708e\u306e\u305f\u3081\u6b7b\u53bb[1][3]\u300298\u6b73\u6ca1\u3002","datePublished":"2020-01-31","dateModified":"2020-01-31","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/64\/Question_book-4.svg\/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/64\/Question_book-4.svg\/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png","height":"39","width":"50"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/2020\/01\/31\/%e6%a3%ae%e5%b2%a1%e6%b8%85%e7%be%8e-wikipedia\/","wordCount":886,"articleBody":"\u68ee\u5ca1 \u6e05\u7f8e\uff08\u3082\u308a\u304a\u304b \u304d\u3088\u307f\u3001\u7537\u6027\u30011923\u5e74\u3008\u5927\u6b6312\u5e74\u300910\u670828\u65e5 – 2022\u5e74\u3008\u4ee4\u548c4\u5e74\u30091\u67089\u65e5\uff09\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u30fb\u6210\u57ce\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5927\u4e57\u6dd1\u5fb3\u5b66\u5712\u5b66\u8853\u9867\u554f\u3002\u5bb6\u65cf\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3092\u5c02\u9580\u3068\u3057\u3001\u4e3b\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b97\u6559\u3068\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308a\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u591a\u304f\u306e\u8457\u66f8\u3092\u8457\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u7bc0\u306f\u691c\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u3084\u51fa\u5178\u304c\u5168\u304f\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3001\u4e0d\u5341\u5206\u3067\u3059\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3057\u3066\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u3054\u5354\u529b\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u691c\u7d22?:\u00a0“\u68ee\u5ca1\u6e05\u7f8e”\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u00a0\u00b7 \u66f8\u7c4d\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u00a0\u00b7 CiNii\u00a0\u00b7 J-STAGE\u00a0\u00b7 NDL\u00a0\u00b7 dlib.jp\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b8\u30e3\u30d1\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u00a0\u00b7 TWL\uff082015\u5e7411\u6708\uff09  \u4e09\u91cd\u770c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u30021948\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c23\u5e74\uff09\u6771\u4eac\u6587\u7406\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66\u79d1\u5352\u696d\u30021950\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c25\u5e74\uff09\u540c\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u4fee\u58eb\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4fee\u4e86\uff64 \u540c\u52a9\u624b\u3001\u5c02\u4efb\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u52a9\u6559\u6388\u3001\u6559\u6388\u30011978\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c53\u5e74\uff09\u5b9a\u5e74\u9000\u5b98\u3001\u6210\u57ce\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u30011994\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62106\u5e74\uff09\u6dd1\u5fb3\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u30012002\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621014\u5e74\uff09\u9000\u8077\u30021961\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c36\u5e74\uff09\u300c\u771f\u5b97\u6559\u56e3\u3068\u300c\u5bb6\u300d\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\u3067\u6771\u4eac\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u5b66\u6587\u5b66\u535a\u58eb\u30021990\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62102\u5e74\uff09\u7d2b\u7dac\u8912\u7ae0\u53d7\u7ae0[1]\u30021995\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62107\u5e74\uff09\u3001\u52f2\u4e09\u7b49\u745e\u5b9d\u7ae0\u53d7\u7ae0[2]\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u90fd\u7acb\u5927\u5b66\u540d\u8a89\u6559\u6388\u3001  @media screen{.mw-parser-output .fix-domain{border-bottom:dashed 1px}}\u653e\u9001\u5927\u5b66\u7279\u4efb\u6559\u6388\u306e\u68ee\u5ca1\u6df8\u5fd7\u306f\u5b50\u606f\u3002[\u8981\u51fa\u5178]2022\u5e74\uff08\u4ee4\u548c4\u5e74\uff091\u67089\u65e5\u3001\u80ba\u708e\u306e\u305f\u3081\u6b7b\u53bb[1][3]\u300298\u6b73\u6ca1\u3002\u300e\u771f\u5b97\u6559\u56e3\u3068\u300c\u5bb6\u300d\u5236\u5ea6\u300f\u5275\u6587\u793e 1962\u300e\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u3068\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u300f\u8a55\u8ad6\u793e\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3068\u601d\u60f3 8\uff091970\u300e\u5bb6\u65cf\u5468\u671f\u8ad6\u300f\u57f9\u98a8\u9928 1973\u300e\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u6c11\u8846\u3068\u5b97\u6559\u300f\u8a55\u8ad6\u793e\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3068\u601d\u60f3\uff091975\u300e\u771f\u5b97\u6559\u56e3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5bb6\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u300f\u5fa1\u8336\u306e\u6c34\u66f8\u623f 1978\u300e\u5bb6\u306e\u5909\u8c8c\u3068\u5148\u7956\u306e\u796d\u300f\u65e5\u672c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u56e3\u51fa\u7248\u5c40 1984\u300e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u306e\u96c6\u843d\u795e\u793e\u3068\u56fd\u5bb6\u7d71\u5236\u300f\u5409\u5ddd\u5f18\u6587\u9928\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u5b97\u6559\u53f2\u7814\u7a76\u53e2\u66f8\uff091987\u300e\u65b0\u5b97\u6559\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u5c55\u958b\u904e\u7a0b \u6559\u56e3\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u8ad6\u306e\u8996\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u300f\u5275\u6587\u793e 1989\u300e\u73fe\u4ee3\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300f\u653e\u9001\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u632f\u8208\u4f1a 1991\u300e\u6c7a\u6b7b\u306e\u4e16\u4ee3\u3068\u907a\u66f8\u300f\u65b0\u5730\u66f8\u623f 1991\u300e21\u4e16\u7d00\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u3068\u5b97\u6559\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u300f\u91d1\u5149\u6559\u672c\u90e8\u6559\u5e81 1992\u300e\u73fe\u4ee3\u5bb6\u65cf\u5909\u52d5\u8ad6\u300f\u30df\u30cd\u30eb\u30f4\u30a1\u66f8\u623f\uff08\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\u30fb\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u3068\u5bb6\u65cf\uff091993\u300e\u82e5\u304d\u7279\u653b\u968a\u54e1\u3068\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6226\u4e89 \u305d\u306e\u624b\u8a18\u3068\u7fa4\u50cf\u300f\u5409\u5ddd\u5f18\u6587\u9928 1995\u300e\u83ef\u65cf\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u300c\u5bb6\u300d\u6226\u7565\u300f\u5409\u5ddd\u5f18\u6587\u9928 2002\u300e\u767a\u5c55\u3059\u308b\u5bb6\u65cf\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66 \u7d99\u627f\u30fb\u6442\u53d6\u30fb\u5275\u9020\u300f\u6709\u6590\u95a3 2005\u300e\u660e\u6cbb\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u53f2\u300f\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u4f1a 2005\u300e\u3042\u308b\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u81ea\u5df1\u5f62\u6210 \u5e7e\u305f\u3073\u304b\u5d50\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u300f\u30df\u30cd\u30eb\u30f4\u30a1\u66f8\u623f\uff08\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\u300c\u81ea\u4f1d\u300dmy life my world\uff092012\u5171\u7de8\u8457[\u7de8\u96c6]\u300e\u5730\u65b9\u5c0f\u90fd\u5e02\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u30ad\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u5f62\u6210 \u4e0a\u5dde\u5b89\u4e2d\u6559\u4f1a\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5206\u6790\u300f\u7de8\u8457 \u65e5\u672c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u56e3\u5ba3\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u6240 1959\u300e\u5bb6\u65cf\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300f \u6709\u6590\u95a3\u53cc\u66f8 1967\u300e\u73fe\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u554f\u984c\u300f\u5c71\u6839\u5e38\u7537\u5171\u7de8 \u6709\u6590\u95a3\u53cc\u66f8 1968\u300e\u65b0\u30fb\u5bb6\u65cf\u95a2\u4fc2\u5b66\u300f \u4e2d\u6559\u51fa\u7248 1974\u300e\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30b9\u5b66\u5165\u9580 \u7a4d\u6975\u7684\u751f\u547d\u89b3\u306e\u3059\u3059\u3081\u300f\u52a0\u85e4\u6b63\u660e\u5171\u7de8 \u6709\u6590\u95a3\u9078\u66f8 1975\u300e\u5bb6\u3068\u73fe\u4ee3\u5bb6\u65cf\u300f\u5c71\u6839\u5e38\u7537\u5171\u7de8 \u57f9\u98a8\u9928 1976\u300e\u73fe\u4ee3\u5bb6\u65cf\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b5\u30a4\u30af\u30eb\u300f \u57f9\u98a8\u9928 1977\u300e\u5909\u52d5\u671f\u306e\u4eba\u9593\u3068\u5b97\u6559\u300f \u672a\u4f86\u793e 1978\u300e\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u5bb6\u65cf\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u300f\u671b\u6708\u5d69\u5171\u7de8 \u57f9\u98a8\u9928 1983\u300e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u4e16\u4ee3 \u73fe\u4ee3\u5bb6\u65cf\u8ad6\u518d\u8003\u300f\u9752\u4e95\u548c\u592b\u5171\u7de8 \u57a3\u5185\u51fa\u7248 1985\u300e\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u5bb6\u300d\u306e\u5909\u8cea\u3068\u5b97\u6559\u300f \u65b0\u5730\u66f8\u623f 1986\u300e\u73fe\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u306e\u30e9\u30a4\u30d5\u30b3\u30fc\u30b9\u300f\u9752\u4e95\u548c\u592b\u5171\u7de8 \u65e5\u672c\u5b66\u8853\u632f\u8208\u4f1a 1987\u300e\u5bb6\u65cf\u95a2\u4fc2\u300f\u671b\u6708\u5d69\u5171\u7de8 \u653e\u9001\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u632f\u8208\u4f1a 1987\u300e\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8f9e\u5178\u300f \u6709\u6590\u95a3 1993\u300e\u6559\u4f1a\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6559\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u300f\u5ca9\u6751\u4fe1\u4e8c\u5171\u8457 \u65b0\u6559\u51fa\u7248\u793e 1995\u7ffb\u8a33[\u7de8\u96c6]J.F.\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30ca\u30fc\u300e\u4eba\u7a2e\u63a5\u89e6\u306e\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u300f\u30cf\u30fc\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u793e 2006\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30c7\u30b8\u30bf\u30eb\u7248 \u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u540d\u5927\u8f9e\u5178+Plus\u300e\u68ee\u5ca1\u6e05\u7f8e\u300f – \u30b3\u30c8\u30d0\u30f3\u30af.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki4\/2020\/01\/31\/%e6%a3%ae%e5%b2%a1%e6%b8%85%e7%be%8e-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"\u68ee\u5ca1\u6e05\u7f8e – Wikipedia"}}]}]