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\u30d6\u30eb\u30fc\u30d1\u30c3\u30af\u767d\u96ea \u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u30d1\u30c3\u30af\u767d\u96ea \u5927\u541f\u91b8\u30b9\u30ea\u30e0\u30dc\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u300c\u6442\u5dde\u7537\u5c71\u300d\u9298\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u9152\uff08\u6e05\u9152\u767a\u7965\u306e\u5730\u3001\u4f0a\u4e39\u306e\u5730\u9152\u3002\u6c5f\u6238\u6642\u4ee3\u3088\u308a\u95a2\u767d\u8fd1\u885b\u5bb6\u306e\u3054\u7528\u9054\u9152\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6709\u540d\u306a\u9298\u67c4\u300c\u7537\u5c71\u300d\uff09\u300cKONISHI\u300d\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u9152\u5927\u541f\u91b8\u3072\u3084\u3057\u307c\u308a\u541f\u91b8\u3072\u3084\u3057\u307c\u308a\u78a7\u51b4\u3048\u306e\u6f84\u307f\u304d\u308a \u7d14\u7c73\u7d14\u7c73\u9152\u3053\u304f\u3042\u304c\u308aTable of Contents\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u308f\u308a[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5730\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5263\u9053\u30fb\u306a\u304e\u306a\u305f[\u7de8\u96c6]\u786c\u5f0f\u91ce\u7403\u90e8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5e83\u544a\u51fa\u6f14\u8005[\u7de8\u96c6]\u63d0\u4f9b\u756a\u7d44(\u904e\u53bb)[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u9805\u76ee[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u306e\u95a2\u308f\u308a[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5c0f\u897f\u9152\u9020\u306f\u3001\u3044\u3061\u65e9\u304f\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u65e5\u672c\u306b\u8f38\u5165\u3057\u306f\u3058\u3081\u305f\u4f01\u696d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u5175\u5eab\u770c\u4f0a\u4e39\u5e02\u3068\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30fb\u30cf\u30c3\u30bb\u30eb\u30c8\u304c\u59c9\u59b9\u90fd\u5e02\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u3053\u3068\u3092\u5951\u6a5f\u306b\u7b2c15\u4ee3\u793e\u9577\u306e\u5c0f\u897f\u65b0\u592a\u90ce\u304c\u8f38\u5165\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u305f[3]\u30021988\u5e74\uff08\u662d\u548c63\u5e74\uff0911\u6708\u306e\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ac\u30eb\u30c7\u30f3\u30fb\u30db\u30ef\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u76ae\u5207\u308a\u306b\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u91b8\u9020\u6240\u3068\u53d6\u5f15\u3092\u884c\u3046[4]\u3002\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3092\u4ee3\u8868\u3059\u308b\u4f1d\u7d71\u7684\u91b8\u9020\u6240\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30ab\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30e8\u30f3\u91b8\u9020\u6240\u306f\u3001\u30e8\u30fc\u30ed\u30c3\u30d1\u570f\u5916\u306b\u8f38\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u6700\u521d\u306e\u53d6\u5f15\u5148\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5c0f\u897f\u9152\u9020\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[3]\u3002  \u4ee3\u8868\u53d6\u7de0\u5f79\u793e\u9577\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5c0f\u897f\u65b0\u592a\u90ce\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u529f\u7e3e\u304b\u30891999\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621011\u5e74\uff099\u670811\u65e5\u306b\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u3068\u3057\u3066\u521d\u3081\u3066\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u306e\u9a0e\u58eb\uff08La Chevalerie du Fourquet des Brasseurs\uff09\u306b\u8a8d\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u305f[5]\u30022007\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621019\u5e74\uff09\u306e\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5c0f\u897f\u9152\u9020\u306f\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306e\u30d9\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u8f38\u5165\u306e\u30b7\u30a7\u30a2\u306e\u3046\u3061\u7d0460%\u5360\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305f[6]\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u30012008\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621020\u5e74\uff099\u67084\u65e5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u904e\u534a\u6570\u3092\u5360\u3081\u3066\u3044\u305f\u4e3b\u529b\u5546\u54c1\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ac\u30eb\u30c7\u30f3\u30fb\u30db\u30ef\u30a4\u30c8\u3092\u306f\u3058\u30816\u9298\u67c4\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\u3067\u306e\u8ca9\u58f2\u6a29\u304c\u30a2\u30b5\u30d2\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u306b\u79fb\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b[6]\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c0f\u897f\u9152\u9020\u306f\u30d2\u30e5\u30fc\u30ac\u30eb\u30c7\u30f3\u30fb\u30db\u30ef\u30a4\u30c8\u306e\u4ee3\u66ff\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5546\u54c1\u306e\u7372\u5f97\u3092\u6025\u52d9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f[6]\u30022008\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u621020\u5e74\uff098\u670827\u65e5\u3001\u5c0f\u897f\u9152\u9020\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30e5\u30d9\u30eb\u30fb\u30e2\u30eb\u30c8\u30ac\u30c3\u30c8\u91b8\u9020\u6240\u306e\u65b0\u88fd\u54c1\u300c\u30f4\u30a7\u30c7\u30c3\u30c8\u30fb\u30a8\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30fb\u30db\u30ef\u30a4\u30c8\u300d\u306e\u65e5\u672c\u3067\u306e\u8ca9\u58f2\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u305f[6]\u3002\u5730\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb[\u7de8\u96c6]\u300c\u767d\u96ea\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30d6\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5730\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u751f\u7523\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[7]\u3002  1995\u5e74\uff08\u5e73\u62107\u5e74\uff096\u6708\u3001\u672c\u793e\u30d3\u30eb\u306e\u6a2a\u306b\u5730\u30d3\u30fc\u30eb\u30ec\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u300c\u767d\u96ea\u30d6\u30eb\u30ef\u30ea\u30fc\u30d3\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u9577\u5bff\u8535\u300d\u3092\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3[7]\u3002\u5efa\u7269\u306f\u3001\u6614\u3001\u9152\u8535\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3092\u6539\u9020\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[7]\u3002\u5168\u56fd\u65b0\u9152\u9451\u8a55\u4f1a\u5e73\u621014\u9152\u9020\u5e74 – \u4ee4\u548c2\u9152\u9020\u5e74[8]\u300c\u767d\u96ea\u300d\u91d1\u8cde\u53d7\u8cde – \u5e73\u621020\u9152\u9020\u5e74\u5ea6\u300c\u767d\u96ea\u300d\u91d1\u8cde\u53d7\u8cde – \u5e73\u621029\u9152\u9020\u5e74\u5ea6\u300c\u767d\u96ea\u300d\u91d1\u8cde\u53d7\u8cde \u2010 \u4ee4\u548c2\u9152\u9020\u5e74\u5ea6international wine challenge \u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30ca\u30b7\u30e7\u30ca\u30eb\u30fb\u30ef\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30c1\u30e3\u30ec\u30f3\u30b8\uff08\uff29\uff37\uff23\uff092020\u5e7411\u6708\u3000[9],[10]\u5927\u541f\u91b8\u90e8\u9580 = \u300c\u8d85\u7279\u64b0\u767d\u96ea\uff08\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3068\u304f\u305b\u3093\u3057\u3089\u3086\u304d\uff09\u3000\u5927\u541f\u91b8\u5bcc\u58eb\u5c71\u8535\uff08\u3075\u3058\u3084\u307e\u3050\u3089\uff09\u300d\u91d1\u30e1\u30c0\u30eb\u53d7\u8cde\u53e4\u9152\u90e8\u9580 = \u300c\u8d85\u7279\u64b0\u767d\u96ea\u3000\u6c5f\u6238\u5143\u7984\u306e\u9152\uff08\u5fa9\u523b\u9152\uff09\u539f\u9152\u300d \u91d1\u30e1\u30c0\u30eb\u53d7\u8cde2021\u5e745\u6708\u672c\u91b8\u9020\u90e8\u9580\uff1d\u3000\u300c\u8d85\u7279\u64b0\u767d\u96ea\u3000\u4f0a\u4e39\u8af8\u767d\u3000\u672c\u91b8\u9020\u300d\u91d1\u30e1\u30c0\u30eb\u53d7\u8cde\u30fb\u90e8\u9580No\uff11\u306e\u30c8\u30ed\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u53d7\u8cde\u5c0f\u897f\u5bb6\u306e\u5f53\u4e3b\u306f\u4ee3\u3005\u300c\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\u300d\u3092\u8972\u540d\u3002\u6e05\u9152\u696d\u3092\u672c\u696d\u3068\u3057\u305f\u306e\u306f\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u5b97\u543e)\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u521d\u4ee3\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b[11]\u30022\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u5b97\u5b85)[11]4\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u971c\u5df4) – \u5143\u798410\u5e74(1697)\u4f0a\u4e39\u90f7\u753a\u306b\u300c\u60e3\u5bbf\u8001\u5236\u5ea6\u300d\u304c\u8a2d\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3001\u60e3\u5bbf\u8001\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u306b\u4efb\u547d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u5e2f\u5200\u3092\u8a31\u3055\u308c\u308b[11]6\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\uff1f) – \u5c0f\u897f\u59d3\u3092\u540d\u4e57\u308a\u59cb\u3081\u308b[12]7\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u5b97\u8129) – \u5929\u660e6\u5e74(1786)\u306b\u4fee\u6b66\u9928\u3092\u958b\u304f[11]10\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u696d\u5e83) – 1824\u5e74\u751f1879\u6ca1\u3002\u9818\u4e3b\u8fd1\u885b\u5bb6\u306e\u5e87\u8b77\u306e\u3082\u3068\u306b\u753a\u306e\u7dcf\u5bbf\u8001\u3068\u3057\u3066\u753a\u653f\u306b\u3082\u53c2\u4e0e\u3001\u7dad\u65b0\u5f8c\u306f\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u306e\u4f1a\u8a08\u57fa\u7acb\u91d1\u306e\u8abf\u9054\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3001\u516c\u8077\u306b\u3082\u5c31\u3044\u305f[12]11\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u696d\u8302) – 1851\u5e74\u751f1906\u5e74\u6ca1\u3002\u5e7c\u540d\u30fb\u65b0\u592a\u90ce\u306e\u3061\u8302\u592a\u90ce\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u8caf\u91d1\u9280\u884c\u982d\u53d6\u3001\u771f\u5b97\u4fe1\u5f92\u751f\u547d\u4fdd\u967a\u793e\u9577\u3001\u962a\u9db4\u9244\u9053\u5f79\u54e1\u3001\u5927\u65e5\u672c\u6b66\u5fb3\u4f1a\u8a55\u8b70\u54e1\u306a\u3069\u3082\u52d9\u3081\u305f\u3002[13][14]12\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u696d\u7cbe\uff09 – 1875\u5e74\u751f1947\u5e74\u6ca1\u3002\u5148\u4ee3\u306e\u9577\u7537\u3002\u5e7c\u540d\u30fb\u65b0\u592a\u90ce\u306e\u3061\u5229\u53f3\u885b\u9580\u3002\u4e8c\u9ad8\u3001\u6771\u4eac\u5e1d\u5927\u6cd5\u79d1\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u79d1\u3092\u5352\u696d\u5f8c\u3001\u5927\u8535\u7701\u7406\u8ca1\u5c40\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u5bb6\u696d\u3092\u7d99\u304e\u30011933\u5e74\u306b\u682a\u5f0f\u4f1a\u793e\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3002\u7834\u7523\u3057\u305f\u8fb0\u99ac\u534a\u53f3\u885b\u9580\u306e\u9152\u8535\u3092\u8cb7\u53ce\u3057\u672c\u8fb0\u9152\u9020\u3092\u8a2d\u7acb\u3057\u793e\u9577\u5c31\u4efb\u3002\u962a\u795e\u571f\u5730\u4fe1\u8a17\u793e\u9577\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u76f8\u4e92\u8caf\u84c4\u9280\u884c\u982d\u53d6\u3001\u962a\u6025\u7cfb\u5217\u5b9d\u585a\u690d\u7269\u5712\u793e\u9577\u306f\u3058\u3081\u591a\u304f\u306e\u4f01\u696d\u306e\u5f79\u54e1\u3092\u52d9\u3081\u305f\u3002\u59bb\u306e\u5b8c\u5b50\u306f\u5b50\u7235\u5927\u6cb3\u5185\u6b63\u8cea\u306e\u5a18\u3002\u5b50\u306b\u9759\u5b50\uff081919-1991\uff09\u3001\u6587\u5b50\uff081925\u5e74\u751f\u3001\u5e83\u5ca1\u4e45\u53f3\u885b\u9580 (10\u4ee3\u76ee)\u9577\u7537\u6b63\u8358\u306e\u59bb\uff09\u3002\u5f1f\u58ef\u4e8c\u90de\uff08\u5ddd\u8fba\u99ac\u8eca\u9244\u9053\u767a\u8d77\u4eba\uff09\u306e\u5cb3\u7236\u306b\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u8352\u5ddd\u5df3\u6b21\u3002[15][14][16]13\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u696d\u96c5\uff09 – 1916\u5e74\u751f1954\u5e74\u6ca1\u3002\u5148\u4ee3\u306e\u5a18\u9759\u5b50\u306e\u5165\u5a7f\u3002\u65e7\u540d\u30fb\u6e21\u8fba\u6b63\u3002\u4eac\u5927\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u90e8\u5352\u300242\u6b73\u3067\u6ca1\u3057\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u59bb\u9759\u5b50\u304c\u793e\u9577\u3068\u306a\u308b[17][18]14\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u696d\u8f1d\uff09 – 1929\u5e74\u751f2018\u5e74\u6ca1\u3002\u9759\u5b50\u306e\u5165\u5a7f\u3002\u65e7\u540d\u30fb\u8f1d\u4e5f\u3002\u540c\u5fd7\u793e\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u79d1\u5352\u3002[19][16]15\u4ee3\u65b0\u53f3\u885b\u9580\uff08\u65b0\u592a\u90ce\uff09 – 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