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NDL\u00a0\u00b7 dlib.jp\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b8\u30e3\u30d1\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u00a0\u00b7 TWL\uff082016\u5e744\u6708\uff09 \u5ca1\u7530 \u5149\u4e16\uff08\u672c\u540d\uff1a\u5869\u5d0e \u5149\u4e16\u3008\u3057\u304a\u3056\u304d \u307f\u3064\u3088\u3009\u30011960\u5e749\u670828\u65e5 – \uff09\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u30fb\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u30b9\u30c8\u3002 Table of Contents \u7d4c\u6b74\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e00\u89a7[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u300c\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u51689\u5dfb\uff09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u9078\u96c6\u53ce\u9332[\u7de8\u96c6]\u65b0\u66f8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u82f1\u8a9e\u6f2b\u753b\u300c\u5965\u3055\u307e\u306f\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u51685\u5dfb\uff09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u82f1\u8a9e\u6f2b\u753b\u5358\u884c\u672c\u3000\u306e\u3061\u306b\u5e7b\u51ac\u820e\u3088\u308a\u6587\u5eab\u5316[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u5358\u884c\u672c[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u8cc7\u6599[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6] \u7d4c\u6b74\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066[\u7de8\u96c6]","datePublished":"2017-12-01","dateModified":"2017-12-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki6\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/c9645c498c9701c88b89b8537773dd7c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b4\/Ambox_important.svg\/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b4\/Ambox_important.svg\/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png","height":"40","width":"40"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/jp\/wiki6\/2017\/12\/01\/%e5%b2%a1%e7%94%b0%e5%85%89%e4%b8%96-wikipedia\/","about":["Wiki"],"wordCount":1095,"articleBody":"\u3053\u306e\u5b58\u547d\u4eba\u7269\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\u306b\u306f\u691c\u8a3c\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u51fa\u5178\u304c\u4e0d\u8db3\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4fe1\u983c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u6e90\u306e\u63d0\u4f9b\u306b\u5354\u529b\u3092\u304a\u9858\u3044\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5b58\u547d\u4eba\u7269\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u51fa\u5178\u306e\u7121\u3044\u3001\u3082\u3057\u304f\u306f\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u8ad6\u4e89\u306e\u6750\u6599\u3001\u7279\u306b\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u306b\u4e2d\u50b7\u30fb\u8ab9\u8b17\u30fb\u540d\u8a89\u6bc0\u640d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u6709\u5bb3\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306f\u3059\u3050\u306b\u9664\u53bb\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u51fa\u5178\u691c\u7d22?:\u00a0“\u5ca1\u7530\u5149\u4e16”\u00a0\u2013\u00a0\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u00a0\u00b7 \u66f8\u7c4d\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b9\u30ab\u30e9\u30fc\u00a0\u00b7 CiNii\u00a0\u00b7 J-STAGE\u00a0\u00b7 NDL\u00a0\u00b7 dlib.jp\u00a0\u00b7 \u30b8\u30e3\u30d1\u30f3\u30b5\u30fc\u30c1\u00a0\u00b7 TWL\uff082016\u5e744\u6708\uff09\u5ca1\u7530 \u5149\u4e16\uff08\u672c\u540d\uff1a\u5869\u5d0e \u5149\u4e16\u3008\u3057\u304a\u3056\u304d \u307f\u3064\u3088\u3009\u30011960\u5e749\u670828\u65e5 – \uff09\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u4f5c\u5bb6\u30fb\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u30b9\u30c8\u3002  Table of Contents\u7d4c\u6b74\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066[\u7de8\u96c6]\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e00\u89a7[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u300c\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u51689\u5dfb\uff09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u9078\u96c6\u53ce\u9332[\u7de8\u96c6]\u65b0\u66f8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u82f1\u8a9e\u6f2b\u753b\u300c\u5965\u3055\u307e\u306f\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30ab\u30fc\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u51685\u5dfb\uff09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u82f1\u8a9e\u6f2b\u753b\u5358\u884c\u672c\u3000\u306e\u3061\u306b\u5e7b\u51ac\u820e\u3088\u308a\u6587\u5eab\u5316[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u5358\u884c\u672c[\u7de8\u96c6]\u95a2\u9023\u8cc7\u6599[\u7de8\u96c6]\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30af[\u7de8\u96c6]\u7d4c\u6b74\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066[\u7de8\u96c6]\u6771\u4eac\u90fd\u6749\u4e26\u533a\u51fa\u8eab\u3002\u9752\u5c71\u5b66\u9662\u9ad8\u7b49\u90e8\u5728\u7c4d\u4e2d\u306b\u7c73\u56fd\u3001\u30a6\u30a3\u30b9\u30b3\u30f3\u30b7\u30f3\u5dde \u306e\u9ad8\u6821\u306b1\u5e74\u9593\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u4e21\u6821\u3092\u5352\u696d\u3002\u9752\u5c71\u5b66\u9662\u5927\u5b66\u5728\u7c4d\u4e2d\u306b\u5354\u5b9a\u6821Ohio Wesleyan University\u306b\u7559\u5b66\u3002\u9752\u5c71\u5b66\u9662\u5927\u5b66\u3092\u5352\u696d\u5f8c\u3001New York University\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u82f1\u7c73\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u3067Creative Writing\u3092\u5b66\u3073\u3001\u4fee\u58eb\u53f7\u53d6\u5f97\u3002\u8aad\u58f2\u65b0\u805e\u7c73\u56fd\u73fe\u5730\u7d19\u300c\u8aad\u58f2\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u300d\u306e\u8a18\u8005\u3092\u7d4c\u3066\u3001\u4f5c\u5bb6\u30fb\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6d3b\u8e8d\u3059\u308b\u3002\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u6559\u80b2\u3084\u5bb6\u65cf\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u554f\u984c\u306a\u3069\u3092\u57f7\u7b46[1]\u3002\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u821e\u53f0\u306b\u4eba\u3068\u4eba\u3068\u306e\u3055\u3055\u3084\u304b\u306a\u6e29\u304b\u3044\u89e6\u308c\u5408\u3044\u3092\u63cf\u3044\u305f\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u3068\u3051\u306a\u3044\u9b54\u6cd5\u300f\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3068\u3059\u308b\u300c\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\uff09\u304c\u30ed\u30f3\u30b0\u30bb\u30e9\u30fc\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u306b\u82f1\u6587\u3092\u7e54\u308a\u4ea4\u305c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u72ec\u81ea\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u751f\u307f\u51fa\u3057\u305f[2]\u3002\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e00\u89a7[\u7de8\u96c6]\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4\u300c\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\uff08\u51689\u5dfb\uff09[\u7de8\u96c6]\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u3068\u3051\u306a\u3044\u9b54\u6cd5\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002007\u5e74\u3000\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306f\u7d9a\u304f\u300f\u3000\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002008\u5e74\u3000\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3070\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002010\u5e74\u3000\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306e\u3055\u3093\u307d\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002011\u5e74\u3000\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306e\u3058\u304b\u3093\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002014\u5e74\u3000\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u3092\u3055\u304c\u3057\u3066\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002015\u5e74\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306e\u7d04\u675f\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002016\u5e74\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306e\u304b\u304b\u308a\u65b9\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002017\u5e74\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300f\u6587\u6625\u6587\u5eab\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002019\u5e74\u300e\u300c\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u9b54\u6cd5\u300d\u30b7\u30ea\u30fc\u30ba\u7279\u5225\u7de8\u3000\u4e16\u754c\u306b\u3072\u308d\u304c\u308c\u3001\u3068\u3051\u306a\u3044\u9b54\u6cd5\u300f\u6587\u6625e-Books\u3001\u6587\u85dd\u6625\u79cb\u30002019\u5e74\uff08\u203b\u96fb\u5b50\u66f8\u7c4d\u306e\u307f\u3002Apple Books\u30d6\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u30a2\u3067\u7121\u6599\u914d\u4fe1\uff09[3]\u9078\u96c6\u53ce\u9332[\u7de8\u96c6]\u968f\u7b46\u300c\u624b\u3092\u3075\u308b\u300d \u300e\u30d9\u30b9\u30c8\u30fb\u30a8\u30c3\u30bb\u30a4 2015\u300f\u65e5\u672c\u6587\u85dd\u5bb6\u5354\u4f1a\u7de8\u3001\u5149\u6751\u56f3\u66f8\u51fa\u7248\u30002015\u5e74\u65b0\u66f8[\u7de8\u96c6]\u300e\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30e8\u30fc\u30af\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u60c5\u300f\u5ca9\u6ce2\u65b0\u66f8\u3001\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97 1993\u5e74\u300e\u30a2\u30e1\u30ea\u30ab\u306e\u5bb6\u65cf\u300f\u5ca9\u6ce2\u65b0\u66f8\u3001\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97 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