ITITULATI – Wikipedia

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The Intitulation is a formula that occupies an important place in the protocol of a medieval and early modern document form. It indicates the document exhibitor and provides information about his position and function. As a self -explanation of the exhibitor, it is of particular importance for recognizing the understanding of the official.

For highlighting it is mostly written in the Littera Elongata. It stands according to the Invocatio, provided that the respective document species, it will initiate the certificate if it is a papal certificate or a secular ruler of rulers, which has usually been in no way in simpler models since the 13th century. The address (inscriptio) and the greeting (Salutatio) follow the intitulation.
The formula begins with the name, sometimes with the exhibitor’s name, followed by a legitimation formula (formerly referred to as a devotion formula) and the actual title elements, the function or rank, since the 12th century, the territory of competence. The additional use of the personal pronouns is possible Ego or Us which also occurs accordingly in popular language documents. Depending on the epoch and the type of document, the intitulation can be written in whole or in part in a distinction.

Only the popes do without the big title in Gregor The servant of God (Bishop, servant of the servant of God) on a formula of legitimation. For Adalbertus Samaritanus, this is the counter -proposal to the title of an ecumenical patriarch that John IV. Because the imitator is a low Christmas . In the intitulation of the papal certificate, the number of orders of the same name is missing, which is used in other types of documents. The intitulatio is only shortened in the breven and the term Boat (Pope) used as the title: Eugene Pope 4 . In the Rota, also part of the solemn privileges, and in the dating line of the privileges when specifying the pontificate years Boat In the usual shortened spelling pp used, as well as on the remains.

The Pope’s signature on the solemn privileges follows the scheme I N. Catholic Church, Bishop SS. (I, N., Bishop of the Catholic Church, signed). On these documents, three different versions of the papal title are used side by side.

The legitimation formula with the longest after history is the turn Grace of God – of God’s grace, which was reserved for the spiritual and the particularly highly deprived secular like emperors, kings or dukes and margraves.

In the event of a collective certificate with several exhibitors, everyone is listed with their respective qualifications. Anonymized twists like We, Sunkine and citizens of the city N. are also possible.

If the dating of the certificate has a government years, the title is also given, but in this case as a statement by the law firm, as a “external statement”. Variations can occur to the version of the intitulatio, especially through the addition of our own Or praised predicates. The same applies to the naming of the ruler in other “private customers”. The capacity of the office is not always received. [first]

  • Walter Koch: Intitulation . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA) . Band 5 . Artemis & Winkler, Munich/Zurich 1991, ISBN 3-7608-8905-0, Sp. 471 f .
  • Herwig Wolfram: Latin royal and prince title until the end of the 8th century . Böhlau, Vienna u. 1967, ( Intitulation first), ( Messages from the Institute for Austrian History Research Supplemental band 21, ZDB-ID 206069-3 ).
  • Jack Autrey Dabbs: “God’s Grace” in Royal Titles . Mouton, The Hague u. a. 1971, ( Studies in European history 22), (controversial).
  • Heinrich Fichtenau: On the history of invocations and “devotion formulas” . In: Heinrich Fichtenau: Contributions to Mediävistik. Selected essays . Second volume: Document research . Hiersemann, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-7772-7701-0, S. 37–61.
  • Bernd Schneidmüller: Ruler about land or people? The Capetingian ruling title in the period of Philipp II August and his successor (1180) – 1270 . In: Herwig Wolfram, Anton Scharrer (ed.): Latin ruling titles and rulers from the 7th to the 13th centuries . Böhlau, Vienna u. 1988, ISBN 3-205-05108-4, ( Intitulation 3), ( Messages from the Institute for Austrian History Research Supplemental Tand 29), S. 131-164.
  1. ↑ For southern Italy see Horst Enzensberger, To the titles in the southern Italian private customers under Normans and Staufer , in Nea Rhome. Byzantine research magazine 4, 2007, S. 239–265 (= AmpeLokePion. Studies of friends and colleagues in honor of Vera von Falkenhausen, vol. IV)