Couture (Pas-de-Calais)-Wikipedia

Sewing is a French commune located in the department of Pas-de-Calais in the Hauts-de-France region.

Its inhabitants are called the La Couturois .

The municipality is part of the Agglomeration Community of Béthune-Bruay, Artois-Lys Romane which brings together 100 municipalities and has 276,238 inhabitants in 2019.

The Lawe and Loisne rivers cross the town.

Localisation [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The town is 9 km to the northeast of the commune of Béthune (chief town of arrondissement).

The neighboring municipalities are old-chapelle, Lestrem, Locon, Richebourg, Beuvry and Festubert.

The limits of the municipal territory.

Geology and relief [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The territory of the municipality with an area of 1 333 hectares (or 3,734 measures of 35 ares 46), is made up of a strip of land measuring approximately 8 km in its greatest length, out of 3 km average width.

Hydrography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The territory of the town is located in the Artois-Picardie basin.

The town is crossed by three rivers:

• Lawe, natural stream of 40.97 km , which takes its source in the commune of Magnicourt-en-Comte and throws itself into the Lys at the level of the town of the Gorgue ^{[ first ]} ;
• The downstream ladder, natural watercourses of 11.53 km , which takes its source in the town of Beuvry and throws itself into the Lawe at the level of the town ^{[ 2 ]} ;
• The old current , natural watercourses of 1.93 km , which takes its source in the commune and throws itself into the length at the level of the municipality ^{[ 3 ]} .

Climate [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The climate that characterizes the municipality was qualified, in 2010, as “degraded oceanic climate of type 3” ^{[ Note 1 ]} , according to the typology of climates in France which then had eight main types of climates in mainland France ^{[ 4 ]} .

The seven main variables characterizing the municipality are presented in the box below ^{[ 4 ]} .

An entrance to the town.

Typology [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Couture is a rural commune, because it is one of the communes that are not very little dense, in the sense of the municipal grid of density of INSEE ^{[ Note 3 ] , [ 5 ] , [ 6 ] , [ 7 ]} .
It belongs to the urban unit of Bethune, an inter-departmental agglomeration bringing together 94 municipalities ^{[ 8 ]} and 356,052 inhabitants in 2017, of which it is a commune in the suburbs ^{[ 9 ] , [ ten ]} .

In addition, the town is part of the Lille attraction area (French part) of which it is a town of the Crown ^{[ Note 4 ]} . This area, which brings together 201 municipalities, is categorized in the areas of 700,000 or more inhabitants (excluding Paris) ^{[ 11 ] , [ twelfth ]} .

Land use [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Map of the soil occupation of the town in 2018 (CLC).

The land use of the municipality, as it emerges from the European Biophysical Occupation Database of Corine Land Cover (CLC), is marked by the importance of agricultural territories (88.1% in 2018) , however decreasing compared to 1990 (93.2%). The detailed distribution in 2018 is as follows:
Arable land (84.2%), urbanized areas (11.9%), heterogeneous agricultural areas (3.9%) ^{[ 13 ]} .

The IGN also provides an online tool to compare the evolution over time of the soil occupation of the municipality (or territories to different scales). Several eras are accessible in the form of aerial cards or photos: the Cassini card ( XVIII ^{It is} century), the staff map (1820-1866) and the current period (1950 to today) ^{[ 14 ]} .

Locals, hamlets and differences [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The town is divided into three sectors: the center, the turn and the branch.

Communication and transport routes [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Means of communication [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The municipality is served by the departmental roads of 169, D 170 and D 845 ^{[ 15 ]} .

Transports [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The town is 10 km , to the northeast, from Béthune station, located on the lines of Arras in Dunkirk-Locale and Fives in Abbeville, served by TGV Inoui and regional network trains TER Hauts-de-France ^{[ 16 ]} .

In the commune operated, from 1899 to 1932, the tram line from Béthune to Estaires, an old tram line which was circulating from Béthune (Pas-de-Calais) to Estaires (North).

The name of the locality is attested in the forms Culture from 1154 to 1159; The CHUTURE in 1211; The sewing in 1254; Culptura in 1335; The sewing in 1340; The lez béthune seam in 1348; Le Coutture in 1429; The Leez Ricquebourg Cossture in 1466; Seamlessness in 1595; The lez béthune section In 1507 ^{[ 17 ]} , Sewing Since 1793 and 1801 ^{[ 18 ]} .

Word couture is frequently found in toponymy; He designated, in the Middle Ages, among all the lands of the city or the stately domain, those which were put into culture directly by the Lord or his directors.

“Section in Lalloe” meant, at VII ^{It is} century, “large cultivated field” ^{[ 19 ]} which was part of the exploitation of the master, the domain of which the Court constituted the administrative and economic center.

The city is called The Kouter in Dutch.

At the beginning of XIII ^{It is} century, a clumsiness was established there.

Aged of the seam founds a convent of black sisters in old-hesdin at XIV ^{It is} Around 1344 ^{[ 20 ]} .

The seam was chief town of canton in 1795.

Territorial division [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The municipality is in the Bethune district of the Pas-de-Calais department, since 1801 ^{[ 18 ]} .

Municipality and intercommunalities [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The town is a member of the Béthune-Bruay, Artois-Lys Romane agglomeration community.

Administrative constituencies [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The town is attached to the canton of Beuvry.

Electoral constituencies [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

For the election of deputies, the municipality is part of the ninth district of Pas-de-Calais.

Municipal and community elections [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

List of mayors [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Education [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The town is located in the Lille Academy and depends, for school holidays, on zone B.

The municipality administers a primary school comprising 201 students ^{[ 27 ]} .

Justice, security, help and defense [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The municipality depends on the proximity court of Lens, the industrial tribunal of Lens, the judicial court of Bethune, the Court of Appeal of Douai, the Commercial Court of Arras, of the administrative court of Lille, of the Administrative court of appeal of Douai, of the nationality center of the judicial court of Bethune and the tribunal for children of Béthune ^{[ 28 ]} .

Demography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Residents are called La Couturois ^{[ 29 ]} .

Demographic evolution [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses made in the municipality since 1793. From 2006, the legal populations of the municipalities are published annually by INSEE. The census is now based on an annual information collection, successively concerning all the municipal territories during a period of five years. For municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants, a census survey relating to the entire population is carried out every five years, the legal populations of the intermediate years being estimated by interpolation or extrapolation ^{[ 30 ]} . For the municipality, the first exhaustive census falling within the framework of the new system was carried out in 2004 ^{[ thirty first ]} .

In 2020, the town had 2,643 inhabitants ^{[ Note 5 ]} , in decrease of 4.13%compared to 2014 (Pas-de-Calais: −0.71%, France excluding Mayotte: +1.9%).

Histogram of demographic evolution

Age structure [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

In 2018, the rate of people of an age lower than 30 years amounts to 33.5%, below the departmental average (36.7%). Likewise, the rate of people of age higher than 60 years is 24.6% the same year, while it was 24.9% at the departmental level.

In 2018, the municipality had 1,364 men per 1,356 women, a rate of 50.15% of men, slightly higher than the departmental rate (48.5%).

The pyramids of the ages of the town and the department are established as follows.

Places and monuments [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

• 

  The church and the monument in tribute to the Portuguese fighters.

Personalities linked to the municipality [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Heraldry [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

	Coat of arms	Bandaged gules and silver; to a shadow of a brocker lion and the gold gear of gold [ 38 ] . External ornaments 1914-1918 war cross
	Details	Resumption of the Detrazégnies coat of arms, former lords of the place, broken by permutation of colors.

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Related articles [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Notes [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

References [ modifier | Modifier and code ]