Galeriegrabrab another – Wikipedia

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The The other is a prehistoric megalithic grave system and an archaeological ground monument in Lohra in the district of Marburg-Biedenkopf in northern Middle Hesse. It is one of the more unknown monuments of its kind in Central Europe and dates from around 3000 BC. Chr. [first] Due to the abundant ceramic contributions, it takes up a special position among the gallery gears of the Wartberg culture.

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Lohra’s gallery rab, which can be assigned to the late neolithic, was discovered in 1931 when plowing in the “Gernstein” hallway by farmer Jakob Elmshäuser. When his plow in the arable soil encountered strong resistance, he got to the bottom of the cause. As it turned out, he met a rectangular sandstone block under the surface. The specialists for cultural-historical soil age in Hesse, Gero von Merhart, who had the finds of students of the prehistoric seminar of the Philipps University in Marburg under the direction of Otto Ueze during an excavation campaign from April 27 to May 11, 1931. [2]

The rectangular chamber embedded in the ground measure about five meters and was about 2.2 m wide. Some wall stones were missing when the grave was exposed, but the still existing blocks could identify a rectangular floor plan. [3] The individual sandstone blocks of the megalithic system brought it to a length of 60 cm to about one meter, were 40 cm wide and measured about 80 cm in height. The weight of the blocks fluctuated between 800 and 1000 kilograms.

The facility was divided into a main chamber that was separated from the open anteroom by a stone with a round hole. The so -called soul hole had a diameter of approx. 30–35 cm and may have served as a gate between the world of the living and the dead for the ritual sacrificial actions taking place in the anteroom. The bottom of the grave embedded in the earth was laid out with a 3–5 cm thick layer of sound screed. It is believed that the cover of the wooden stone chamber was covered. The discovery of stone pavement above the grave and in its immediate surroundings suggest that the entire stone chamber was once covered by a stone hill that was sunk later. [4]

In contrast to comparable finds from the Galeriegrab Züschen I (Schwalm-Eder-Kreis), the buried ones were surprisingly burned. [5] The approximately 20 deaths, men, women and children, had been given a surprising amount of ceramics for their trip to the world, which is an exception among the gallery gangs in northern Hesse. In addition, over 20 partially fully preserved vessels were discovered, which enveloped on the bottom of the grave of corpse fire, almost harmlessly survived for five millennia. Plastically decorated handle cups or cups, the finds from the Züschen grave, are common, as well as shells, some of which were provided with feet and handles. [6] Under the recovered finds, a large double -conical bowl with tape henel and a pattern of standing and hanging half -arches is also to be mentioned. In addition to some pots, other double -conical, but only fragments of preserved vessels were included. Metopen -like ornaments and striking vertical through -drilling of a vessel indicate influences of the French chassé culture. [7] In addition to the ceramic, there is also a serpentine ate with an oval shaft hole made with great care, as well as a smaller -naked stone head, a retouched pebble blade and a bronze plate of unknown use. [8]

A large number of finds have been kept in the archive of the Hessian State Museum in Kassel since 1931. However, the Seelenlochstein was brought to the farmers’ farm, which belonged to the field, and was there for about 36 years. In 1967, municipal representative and local researcher then decided to set the stone as a witness to the early settlement in front of the Lohra community center. But came too late, the Seelenlochstein had already been bricked up in the foundations during construction work on the farmer’s property. [9]

  • Dirk Raetzel-Fabian: Revolution, Reformation, Changing Epoch? The end of the collective grave custom and the transition from the Wartberg to the individual grave culture in North Hesse and Westphalia. In: Janusz Czebreszuk, Johannes Müller (ed.): The absolute chronology in Central Europe 3000–2000 BC. Chr. = The absolute chronology of Central Europe 3000–2000 BC (= Studies on archeology in East Central Europe. 1). Leidorf, Poznań u. a. 2001, ISBN 3-89646-881-2, S. 319-336, ( Full text as a digitized at www.jungsteinsite.de (pdf; 1.46 MB)).
  • Dirk Raetzel-Fabian: The first peasant cultures. Neolithic in North Hesse (= Pre- and early history in the Hessian State Museum in Kassel. Issue 2). 2nd, expanded and revised edition. State Museums, Kassel 2000, ISBN 3-931787-11-7.
  • Karl Huth: The municipality of Lohra and its 10 districts over the centuries. Other Gemeindevorsand, the other 1989.
  • Albrecht Jockenhövel: The other – Megalithgrab. In: Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann, Albrecht Jockenhövel (ed.): The history of Hesse. Thesse, STuttable 1990, ISBre 3006262-04458-04, Scre, Slime (S. 435-436.
  • Kerstin Schierhold: Studies on the Hessian-Westphalian Megalithic. State of research and perspectives in the European context (= Münster’s contributions to primal and early history archeology. Volume 6). Leidorf, Rahden/Westf. 2012, ISBN 978-3-89646-284-8, pp. 293–295.
  • Waldtraut Schrickel: Western European elements in the Neolithic burial building of Central Germany and the gallery gallery and their inventories (= Contributions to the original and early history archeology of the Mediterranean culture room. 4, ISSN  0067-5245 ). Habelt, Bonn 1966.
  • Winrich Schwellnus: Wartberg group and Hessian megalithic. A contribution to the late Neolithic of the Hessian Bergland (= Materials for the pre- and early history of Hesse. 4, ISSN  0936-1715 ). State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen, Wiesbaden 1979, (at the same time: Marburg, University, dissertation, 1974).
  • Eight uefunds: Das SteinkamerGrab von, Kr. Marburg. In: Kurhessian soil age. 3, 1954, ZDB-ID 983976-8 , S. 27–48.
  1. ↑ Dirk Raetzel-Fabian: Revolution, Reformation, Changing Epoch? In: Janusz Czebreszuk, Johannes Müller (ed.): The absolute chronology in Central Europe 3000–2000 BC. Chr. 2001, S. 319–336.
  2. ↑ Karl Huth: The municipality of Lohra and its 10 districts over the centuries. 1989; Albrecht Jockenhövel: The other – Megalithgrab. In: Fritz-Rudolf Herrmann, Albrecht Jockenhövel (ed.): The history of Hesse. 1990, S. 435–436, here S. 435.
  3. ↑ Eight uefunds: Das SteinkamerGrab von, Kr. Marburg. In: Kurhessian soil age. 3, 1954, S. 27–48, here S. 28–29.
  4. ↑ Eight uefunds: Das SteinkamerGrab von, Kr. Marburg. In: Kurhessian soil age. 3, 1954, S. 27–48, here S. 28.
  5. ↑ Eight uefunds: Das SteinkamerGrab von, Kr. Marburg. In: Kurhessian soil age. 3, 1954, S. 27–48, here S. 29.
  6. ↑ Winrich Schwellnus: Wartberg group and Hessian megalithic. A contribution to the late neolithic of the Hessian mountain country. 1979, S. 67–70.
  7. ↑ Eight uefunds: Das SteinkamerGrab von, Kr. Marburg. In: Kurhessian soil age. 3, 1954, S. 27–48, here S. 30–37.
  8. ↑ Eight uefunds: Das SteinkamerGrab von, Kr. Marburg. In: Kurhessian soil age. 3, 1954, S. 27–48, here S. 30.
  9. ↑ Karl Huth: The municipality of Lohra and its 10 districts over the centuries. 1989.

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